Saturday 18th April 2026
Blog Page 1690

America isn’t finished yet

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The American people have given President Obama the benefit of the doubt and another four years to build his legacy. When historians look back at the period 2008-2016, they will undoubtedly mark it as a fundamental epoch in which the fortunes of this still young nation were determined, not least because of the government of the day.

Obama’s supporters are the young, unisexual and multiracial coalition that will represent the future America, and this is important because while commentators worry that the country is becoming increasingly divided, the major schism is intergenerational, with the politics of an aging and rural white population becoming less relevant. Republicans need to bear this in mind if they wish to remain a competitive party.

Despite costing $6 billon and requiring over one million televised advertisements, the election has changed nothing. The House of Representatives is still controlled by Republicans, while the Democrats have retained their majority in the Senate, a situation which threatens to make a lame duck of the President. It is actually quite incredible that the public appear weary of Washington politics, yet have voted for a Democratic president and a Republican House, all of whose seats were contested. Contrary to what they say, Americans like divided power; it is in their constitution to ward off the tyranny of untrammeled authority.

However, danger lurks here as Mr. Obama knows that he will need cross-partisan support if his country is to avoid the “fiscal cliff” of automatic tax rises and spending cuts that is feared will plunge the United States back into recession from January. Surely, Obama will have to apply the moral authority with which winning a clear mandate for a second term endows him, and it is not immediately clear what material benefit the Republicans gain from blocking progress on this crucial issue. Indeed, Mitt Romney, in his endearing concession speech, implored congressmen to “reach across the aisle and do the people’s work”. Whatever happens, the next few months will be tumultuous and fraught with uncertainty.

Generally, however, the future looks very bright for the United States. Unlike Europe, which has a shrinking demography, America’s population is growing heartily with strong immigration and a inchoate baby boom in the Latino community. This kind of population replacement will limit the burden that a growing aging population will place on the country in terms of social care and lost economic activity.

There is also rather a lot of excitement growing in Silicon Valley about a third industrial revolution involving 3D printing. The technology is expected to completely overhaul both consumer society through customisation and production processes, which could lead to the repatriation of manufacturing closer to the consumer. It is also set to ignite a debate about the division of national income between people who own capital and people who work, as the new technology is likely to vastly reduce the number of people necessary in industry. Some optimistic economics say that it could finally solve the economic problem of scarcity, ignoring any environmental constraints, and freeing the masses to literally consume at leisure. At the very least, America remains an innovative, highly educated and risk-taking nation, and this will continue to give it a strong edge over the rising phoenix, China.

While foreign policy was not a key issue during the election, it will certainly play a strong role in the second Obama administration. Iran cannot be allowed to develop a nuclear weapon, and so long as economic sanctions, particularly oil embargoes, remain, the Iranian people will become increasingly restive of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s regime. But the growing elephant at the U.S. Department of State is China, which could be the world’s largest economy within four years. China cannot be stopped; its population is too large and globalisation has made the world a single market, and before the Industrial Revolution, the Jin, Western, Yuan and Ming Dynasties presided when China was the centre of the world between 1115-1662. So declaring China a currency manipulator and engaging in currency tic-for-tats set a dangerous precedent, and in the spirit of Carl von Clausewitz, the Prussian soldier and theorist, trade politics is war by other means. Obama recognises the need to work with China to raise all boats, but this does not simultaneously require the US to reduce its global military presence; American naval power helps keeps the world’s shipping routes secure and guarantees safe trade for the world’s exporters.

Yet there is someone quite alluring and inspiring about America. Arthur Conan Doyle writes about the great journey of immigrant Mormon believers seeking the promised land in Utah: “with a constancy almost unparalleled in history … the savage man, and the savage beast, hunger, thirst, fatigue, and disease – every impediment which Nature could place in the way – had all been overcome with Anglo-Saxon tenacity.” America’s hasn’t been a perfect history but at its heart is the belief in equality in opportunity while accepting inequality in outcome, a meritocracy not without its criticisms as Alain du Botton quite rightly points out as an indifference to suffering. In every nation on earth, outcome is unequal and while this might contaminate equality of opportunity, I think there is something in what Barack Obama said in his acceptance speech that “…hope is that stubborn thing inside us that insists, despite all the evidence to the contrary, that something better awaits us so long as we have the courage to keep reaching, to keep working, to keep fighting.”. The President will have to govern for an increasingly broadening church and ensure that the best conditions are in place to include as many of his parishioners in the American Dream as possible.

Cuppers Review: The Real Inspector Hound

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Tom Stoppard’s name is all over Oxford. There’s simply no escaping it. OUDS finished their rendition of the kooky whodunit spoof only last Saturday, and here we are again, watching The Real Inspector Hound come alive as part of a Cuppers performance – and by Trinity Freshers, no less. Add Exeter’s stab at the same murder mystery to the mix, a murder conveniently scheduled for Thursday, and we’ve got a positive shrine to the guy behind the Hound.  And thankfully, Trinity paid him all the right respects. 

It’s always hard cutting and pasting bits of an original play to cater for a 30 minute production, but this adaption was succinct as well as funny – no mean feat for the pressed for time script editor. Walking into the crammed, slightly stuffy studio space, my attention was instantly drawn to the disheveled mannequin on the floor – the corpse – it would seem, and the impetus for theatre critics Moon and Birdboot to begin their dialogue. Rimmed eyed, overinflated Moon was cast perfectly, and the actor succeeded in tickling out roars of laughter from his (albeit Trinity dominated) audience. The exchanges between Birdboot and Moon confidently anchored the play-within-a-play conceit, and we watched as an outright groaner of an Agatha Christie knockoff unfolded on the makeshift stage before us.

Because the murder mystery was terrible, worse than terrible if we’re judging by Agatha’s high standards. But that’s what makes Stoppard’s production so brilliant, and Trinity’s realization of the play the enjoyable experience it was. Set in the fog-cloaked environ of Muldoon Manor, the play-within-a-play got rolling into action when the housekeeper, Mrs Drudge, discovered of an escaped madman on the loose. And although the actress had a tendency to ‘speak’ the lines rather than perform in character, I found this didn’t matter, and if anything, added to the hilarity of a piece intended to be bad. That’s not to say all the actors suffered from delving in and out of character at regular intervals. Indeed, ‘Cynthia Muldoon’ was a notable performance, the actress propelling the piece forwards with her high energy and tittering ‘posh gal’ performance.

So the radio may have broken half way, and some of the cast may have been stronger actors than others, but this didn’t detract from the overall effectiveness of this brief play. The faulty radio, if anything, was flawlessly integrated into the script and ‘Simon Gascoyne’ revealed his superb ability to adapt to unforeseen circumstances, with his ‘I appear to have found a newspaper,’ line. It was an entertaining romp that made my Tuesday evening so much more the brighter, and is a play I want to see more of, despite Oxford’s already inundated Stoppard fan club. 

Review: Rough Justice

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When handed the program to Rough Justice, I sat down amongst a rather elderly audience in the Playhouse feeling skeptical about what was about to occur. Featuring a small but experienced cast, such as Tom Conti, a.k.a Miranda Hart’s dad, and David Michaels, a.k.a Jon Welch off Coronation Street, one might question how they would cope with Terrence Frisby’s gritty court drama of a well-loved television journalist (Conti) on trial for the murder of his severely brain-damaged son, Cabby. Highland admits to manslaughter but claims he suffocated the child on “impulse”. Throw in the fact that Highland chooses to be his own defense against a prolific and sharp-tongued lawyer (Liz Payne) and that he is merely covering up for his wife (Carol Starks…Holby City) who is the real killer, you’re looking at a script that is rich, textured, and darkly humorous.

In terms of performances, the real star of Rough Justice was prosecution lawyer Elizabeth Payne. She maintained a sharp delivery and revealed a number of levels to her character through her flirtatious interchanges with the judge and her seemingly genuine sympathy for Highwood. Conti’s performance as James Highwood was good but did not live up to expectations; his one-liners were badly-timed and although his nervous breakdown at the end of the first half was more convincing, the relationship between him and Carol Starks was detached and awkward to watch. The judge and the Highwood’s legal advisor (David Michaels) fulfilled the comedic action particularly well, Michael’s reactions to every legal faux pas made by Highland were impeccably timed and often drew a laugh from the audience.

The setting was impressive but unnecessary – although it was successful in transforming a large stage into what felt like more intimate court room, the scene changes from the courtroom to the cell-like back room were noisy and distracting. The nature of the setting limited movement throughout the performance; all bar prosecution lawyer Margaret Casely seemed incapable of movement once they were assigned their designated box or bench. Effective use is made of the upper balcony in the playhouse as a public gallery implement the feeling that the audience were a part of the jury. 

Overall, although the power of the script surpassed the quality of what simply was an unpolished performance, this play challenges who holds the power, the judge or the jury? Can common sense appeal in a court of law? A nice touch at the curtain was when the cast asked us to vote on whether we would have judged Highland as guilty or not guilty. Thought-provoking, impeccably constructed and not just for the law students. I recommend.

Review: The Stream

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Let me call everyone’s attention to David Todd’s The Oxford Arts Stream. Here is a new, weekly arts festival which brings with it fresh air. It is fusion cuisine, stirring variously spiced drama, poetry, music and dance all together in one delectable show. And the latest instalment – its second – made for an appetising evening. Most performers proved very capable. Their strongest merit was intimacy. One felt bathed in warming lamplight, rather than bonfire blaze.

This worked especially well with the two feelingly sung settings of ‘Drop, drop, slow tears’. I hesitate, then, in urging the organisers of The Stream to add weight and muscle to their project: intimacy is a difficult virtue to transfer onto a grander scale. But I would like to, trusting they will manage. Like most fusion food, The Stream pleases, but falls short of being haute cuisine. The only solution is to establish a standard and tradition of its own. Give it an imposing name too, if needs be, like Gesamtkunstwerk. For this one requires a more lucid display of the show’s structure and dramatic purpose, to whet the blunt knife sharp.

There is also want of lengthier, more substantial pieces, to boast impressive feats outwards as well as cursive retreats inwards. Then The Stream may truly leave its mark on the Oxford arts scene. One last proposal, since I always try to be constructive: the venue ought perhaps to move away from College chapels, not least because the readings of Gillian Clarke and Wordsworth were perilously close to sounding more like lessons from the Gospel of St Matthew.

Behind the Scenes: The Awkward Silence

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We are The Awkward Silence, a comedy sketch double-act based in Oxford but clambering up to London whenever possible. We are Ralph Jones (me) and Vyvyan Almond (him); I write all of our material but Vyvyan makes up for this by being a better actor. We run and host two monthly nights, both of which are ruddy great: one’s in Oxford, called Laughter Track, and the other’s in London, called The Awkward Silence + Special Guests. At the last Laughter Track Vyvyan smashed one of the venue’s lights with a tennis racquet; he’s a passionate performer.

At our Special Guests night, which has been running for almost two years, we have hosted performers like Isy Suttie, Paul Foot, Simon Munnery, The Pajama Men, and The Penny Dreadfuls. We began at the Etcetera Theatre but are now at the Wilmington Arms, a fantastic venue in Clerkenwell. Our next night there is November 28.

Laughter Track takes place monthly at the Port Mahon on St. Clement’s, and the next two are scheduled to be on November 19 and December 12. On November 19 we are commemorating the 412th birthday of Charles 1 and on December 12 – well, we all know what December 12 is. It’s Bill Nighy’s birthday. So, we’ll be raising a toast to Bill and the evening’s entertainment will revolve exclusively around him (not literally). Our Oxford night is very dear to us because we are able to showcase some of the wonderful talent that Oxford has to offer: a poet named George Chopping, for example, or Paul Fung, a sickeningly good stand-up. 

As a sketch group, people often ask what kind of thing we do, which is a curious thing: I can’t imagine stand-ups being asked the same question very often. I therefore find myself using the words ‘surreal’, ‘weird’, and ‘lots of different characters’ far too often, none of which sells the product to the person asking. Prominent reference points are also hard to find, so I find myself comparing us to Little Britain or Monty Python simply because they are well-known, not because we are particularly alike. (Some people say they haven’t heard of Monty Python, at which point I just slice off their legs with a chainsaw.) What I mean is that we are at our strongest when we are inhabiting strange and wonderful worlds with strange and wonderful characters; I believe our strength lies in portraying a range of accents, ages, weirdos etc. Mind you, we also have a sketch in which we just make hideously orgasmic noises while playing tennis.

Our website, should you wish to peruse some of our material while stroking your face, is www.theawkwardsilence.co.uk.

Behind the Scenes: Vagrant

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Oxford is one of the homeless capitals of the UK.

Wealthy, liberal, and beautiful, it’s surely the best place to be homeless in the country, but this leads to a bizarre concoction of the privileged and the destitute. The students and academics close to the top of British society interact on a daily basis with those at the rock bottom. Bright young things experiencing the time of their lives are placed side-by-side with people suffering from long-term mental breakdowns, abuse, and drug addiction. 

There’s nothing wrong with this, but you must admit, it is strange. One side of the city worries about having to pull an all-nighter writing essays, and another worries about pulling an entirely different kind of all-nighter on the streets. And there are similarities, too: individuals of both sides regularly use and abuse alcohol and drugs.

Vagrant is a play that makes its audience think about how we should respond to this issue, if we should at all. It follows the story of Lara, an irritatingly high minded liberal in her final year. She intentionally decides to become homeless just before her finals out of moral irritation and – perhaps – deeper emotional wounds. She arrives in a squat, and her journey begins.

It isn’t didactic and is concerned, above all, with the human suffering that is inescapably tied to homelessness.

My ideas for the play are based on my past experiences spent speaking to homeless people in Oxford, and the play tries to achieve a raw and direct feel using fictional verbatim monologues. The thing I enjoyed most while writing Vagrant was trying to capture the rhythm of homeless people’s speech. It was a huge challenge, as their vernacular is completely removed from my frame of reference. But it was fascinating too – where else have you been thanked or even blessed by a homeless person after apologising for not giving them money? 

It also deals with students’ lives – our own lives – and for this reason I can’t wait to see how audiences respond to it. The two student characters in the play, despite being on very opposing ends of the political spectrum, are people I hope an audience will be able to match to their peers.

But you’ll have to come and see it if you want to find out.

Review: A Possible Life, Sebastian Faulks

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At Oxford we’re pressed for time. So, if you decide to spend some hours reading, you want value for money. Sebastian Faulks’ A Possible Life gives you a five-in-one deal: five stories, each of which could stand on its own as a novella.

But the novel is not fragmentary. In a world in which machine-generated nonsense can pass as poetry on the internet and postmodernists keep winning the Nobel Prize, Faulks’ novel stands as a piece of good, solid literature. The stories are united around recurring, age-old themes: soul-mates, loss, and the moment of self-reflexive epiphany that comes shortly before death.

The attentive reader will notice ingenious connections between the novel’s five parts: places from someone’s dream recur in another’s reality, and a certain statuette of the Virgin Mary resurfaces a century later.

That said, A Possible Life is sometimes too well calculated. All stories are designed to fit the scheme of the whole book, and some seem more honest than others. The second one, whose main characters embody the two sides of the faith vs. science debate, felt a little flat. The cognitive scientist consumed by her work at the expense of true emotion was more a record of certain prejudices than a person. The story in which Faulks writes from the point of view of a working-class Londoner also raises some issues. William the dockyards worker says “we was” not “we were”, but his outlook on life is not much different to the aforementioned brain scientist. Does that show respect or condescension? I’m not sure.

Faulks has set out to write a book that defines our shared humanity across time periods, nations, and social classes. For those modern souls among us who are used to random code-generated poetry, this might seem like a bit too much. How much structure can you have before your writing begins to seem rather academic? But, for all the hopes and doubts it leaves you with, reading it you will dream of love and travel; you will reflect about where your life is going. Faulks gives you all these things that literature was invented for in the first place. 

THREE STARS

Review: The History of the England, Vol. II

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Power pervades Peter Ackroyd’s Tudors. With a focus on sedition, peril, war and plot, Tudors focuses heavily on a high political narrative.

This is a legitimate route to take, but anyone who has read Ackroyd’s novels – which bring figures like Milton, John Dee and Karl Marx (and a bevy of historical Londoners) to life – will be disappointed if they expect a book which brings the past back to life.

The focus is on the power play of princes, bishops and whispering advisers, rather than on the pain of reformation, or bustle and stench of London.

Tudors is engaging: Ackroyd’s style is highly readable. But he has created a narrative of the 16th century that is too standard.

One of Ackroyd’s greatest works is London: The Biography, a work that combines real life testimonies with his own curious insights into psycho-geography, connecting the prehistoric stone, fossils and murky druidical practices to the city we all know today.

That is what he does best. Ackroyd’s novels and non-fictional works bring the past to life, and make it relevant. He is aware that history lives and breathes in the world we inhabit, and that ghosts tend to wander our subconscious.

Therefore, it is unfortunate to read such a staid and two-dimensional work as Tudors, especially in the fortnight where Hillary Mantel’s Man Booker Prize-winning Bring Up The Bodies – the explosive account of the life of Thomas Cromwell – has achieved such a high profile.

There is no radical viewpoint on show here. Tudors is a fairly conventional retelling of a familiar tale, a good general survey of 16th century British political history.

Ackroyd’s Catholicism results in a melancholy take on the dissolution of the monasteries and stripping of churches in the Reformation, but it is combined with recognition of the genius of the court in selling the property to the middle and upper orders of society, which invested them irrevocably in the Reformation process. 

Ackroyd, who I do believe stands as one of the greatest living writers, also recognises the superb literary legacy that resulted from Protestantism’s emphasis on the written word over visual tradition: “this refashioned culture was to find its fruits in Milton and in Bunyan, in Blake and in Tennyson”, these idols of a literary world of which Ackroyd is a firm part.

It’s difficult to find anything particularly contentious in Tudors. Anyone who hasn’t read much on the period will find this a useful introduction. Indeed, Tudors’ fate may be to become a perfectly decent text to set as vacation reading for undergraduates.

Next up is the turbulent 17th century, which I expect Ackroyd is about to cover in his third volume: we can only wait and see if Ackroyd will continue his attempt to resist the partisan in his account of a world turned upside down. 

Three Stars

Cherwell’s Election Night Guide

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After eighteen months of campaigning, Americans vote in earnest in Tuesday’s presidential election, with opinion polls suggesting a tight race between incumbent President Barack Obama and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney. For those planning on staying up to watch it, the crucial questions are: at what point will the identity of the next president be discernible, and when will we know for sure?

The short answers are, respectively: pretty late, and later still. With the 48 contiguous states spanning four time zones, American elections have no 10 p.m. Big Ben moment when voting closes and the exit polls are released. Instead, the night will play out with a series of projections on a state-by-state basis. Each state has a set number of votes to award to a candidate in the ‘Electoral College’, and all but two award their votes on a winner-takes-all basis.

Predicting when results will emerge, let alone what those results will be, is a risky business. The TV networks have likely learned their lesson from the debacle in 2000, when Florida was called for both candidates at various points during the night, so will tend to hold fire on projecting a winner until a state’s polls are all closed and a result is clear.

Yet in spite of what seems like a chaotic and unpredictable process, there should be some clues as to how the night is going. Here’s what to watch for and when (all times GMT):

Midnight: The first polls close. It will actually be Wednesday before we know anything at all. Both candidates should get off the mark straight away, though with the bulk of these states going to Romney. The big state to watch for here is Virginia – one of three large swing states Romney realistically needs to take the White House. A quick call for either candidate in the state would be surprising and very indicative of strength nationwide. Failing that, listen out for reports on ethnic minority turnout: the higher the better for Obama.

0030: Ballots close in the ‘tipping point’ state. Ohio’s 18 electoral votes have a good chance of proving decisive this year. The president has maintained a small but stubborn lead in the state, which if replicated should ultimately be enough for a second term. North Carolina closes now too – a quick declaration for Romney there would suggest he is in a healthy position nationwide.

0100: 17 more states put on the map. By this point, 270 electoral votes will be in the mix – exactly the number needed to guarantee victory. Of course, neither candidate will be anywhere near that number by this point, but both men’s totals will be rising. New Hampshire, Pennsylvania and especially Florida are the critical states here.

0200: Will Obama make it in the Midwest? At 2am the polls close in a pair of states Obama would like to sew up quickly: Michigan and Wisconsin, two chunks of the president’s Midwestern stronghold. The most plausible way the night could end ‘quickly’ from here is if Obama has Ohio already (a big if) and Michigan and Wisconsin follow suit. Anything else and it’s Red Bull time.

0300: The final pieces of the puzzle? Even if Obama plays well in the Midwest, he’ll likely still need one or two of these late states to take him over the line, assuming he hasn’t taken Virginia or Florida already. The most likely of these are Nevada and Iowa, but just one would suffice if the President has the Midwest locked up.

0400: Final result possible. By now, the arithmetic should be becoming clearer, even if your vision is not. This is when results come in from California and the Pacific Northwest, no doubt giving the incumbent a big mathematical boost. So by this point, either Romney will have run the map in Ohio, Florida and Virginia as well as a host of smaller swing states, or Obama will be expecting a concession call from his rival imminently.

Of course, the dreaded third possibility here is that Ohio and/or Florida are still “too close to call” and no-one is close to 270; it could then be hours – or, with recounts, even days – until the winner is known for certain.