Wednesday 17th September 2025
Blog Page 68

Oxford professor resigns from Royal Society over Elon Musk’s fellowship

Cherwell News
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Oxford professor resigns from Royal Society over Elon Musk’s fellowship

Dr. Dorothy Bishop, Emeritus Professor of Developmental Neuropsychology at Oxford University, resigned her post at the UK’s Royal Society over Elon Musk’s fellowship. Bishop says the honor of being a fellow of the Royal Society is diluted by the fact it is shared “with someone who appears to be modeling himself on a Bond villain”.

The Royal Society currently has around 1,800 fellows, and being appointed is considered a pinnacle of many scientists’ careers, a distinction Musk earned in 2018 for his contributions to the space and electric vehicle industries.

In August, a group of 74 other fellows had written to the President of the Royal Society proposing to revoke Musk’s fellowship over his comments on unrest in the UK. They raised doubts over whether he was a “fit and proper person” to hold fellowship. However, the Royal Society lawyer concluded Musk did not violate the organisation’s code of conduct. 

Bishop’s resignation was partly driven by frustration over the difficulty of removing a fellow from the Society. In her blog, she pointed out that no fellow has been expelled in the past 150 years, arguing that election to fellowship, “like loss of virginity, is something that can’t readily be reversed.” She believes the lack of action is partly due to the fact many fellows are not active on social media and therefore do not get a complete picture of Musk’s actions.

Bishop stated that Musk’s fellowship made her uncomfortable, calling it a “contradiction of all the values” of the UK’s national academy of sciences. Along with several other fellows, she gathered evidence suggesting Musk’s actions conflicted with the Royal Society’s Code of Conduct. This included social media posts that they argued offended the LGBTQ+ community and put members of the scientific community at risk. They also raised concerns about Musk’s work with Neuralink, claiming it failed to adhere to regulatory procedures for Good Regulatory Practice.

Additionally, Bishop criticized Musk’s promotion of anti-vaccine views, downplaying of climate change, and spread of deepfakes, which she argued ran counter to the Society’s principles. Musk also threatened legal action against a group of researchers whose work showed that hate speech on the platform X (formerly Twitter) has increased since his acquisition of the site.

She also noted that Musk’s fellowship made her unable to comply with the society’s code of conduct which calls for fellows to treat each other “collegially and with courtesy”.

Bishop called her decision a “gut reaction”. She admitted that her resignation probably would not have any real effect but that it brought her comfort to be disassociated with the organisation: “I didn’t really want to have anything to do with it”. Still, in her blog, Bishop referred to the Royal Society as a “venerable institution” and highlighted the important work it does in promoting science.

Report: Students should be able to view their exam scripts

Ila Banerji
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Report: Students should be able to view their exam scripts

A new report by the Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI) found that current restrictions on students being able to view and share their exam scripts reduces students’ opportunities to learn from past work and “undermines confidence” in the exam system. Currently, Oxford University students can access past exam scripts through a Subject Access Request, a process unfamiliar to most.

The report’s author Rohan Selva-Radov said that it reveals “a pressing need for greater transparency and consistency from universities.” Director of HEPI Nick Hillman concurred that “the issue of transparency in exams is not discussed within higher education as much as [HEPI] believe it should be.” 

The report found that GCSE and A Level boards are far ahead of universities on this issue, with all exam boards having functionality for the sharing of exam scripts, while only 52% of universities do so currently.

In response, the report recommends that all universities publish a policy regarding their approach to letting students see their exam scripts. It goes on to say that all universities should allow their students to view exam scripts as a default and that they should adopt technology that would allow students to do so easily.

Oxford currently allows students to access past exam scripts through a Subject Access Request (SAR). The process, however, is not straightforward, with students needing to email Data Protection to submit an official request. Moreover, most students are unaware that this process even exists. 

A PPE student who used SAR told Cherwell that “I learned about SAR from an Oxfess, so I was initially doubtful of it, especially as my tutor has never heard about SARs. But once I got my essay scores and comments I found it really helpful, so I wish there’s more clarity on how we can access our own academic information.”

City provides beds to rough sleepers following snowfall

Sumrah Akhtar
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City provides beds to rough sleepers following snowfall

Due to sub-zero conditions, local authorities activated the Severe Weather Emergency Protocol (SWEP) last Tuesday. The emergency response promises temporary accommodation for all rough sleepers during extreme weather conditions.  

As part of the protocol, local homelessness agencies are to provide free extra beds, offering support to individuals regardless of whether they qualify for benefits or have previously refused aid. Linda Smith, Councillor for Blackbird Leys, told Cherwell: “We [the council] worked with various partners to make sure that up to 41 bed spaces would be available each night.”

SWEP is typically introduced after consultation with St Mungo’s outreach and assessment service Oxford Street Population Outreach Team. The decision is made by morning of that day and staff from the St Mungo’s Outreach team are responsible for checking that everyone who may need to access the service is aware of its opening. Those who are not allocated a SWEP room can still gather at O’Hanlon House, a hostel in the city centre run by Homeless Oxfordshire, between 11 pm and midnight for guaranteed shelter. 

The order was originally set to last from Tuesday 19th of November to Friday 22nd however, after review, it was extended to Monday 25th. Councils across London, Bristol and Bournemouth have taken similar steps in implementing emergency procedures to protect those without housing through freezing temperatures. 

Hannah Faulkner, Head of Rough Sleeping Services at St Mungo’s, outlined the severity of the rough sleepers’ situation: “These low temperatures can kill people who are street homeless and it is absolutely right this is treated as an emergency.”

According to figures released in February by the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities, there has been a 70% increase in the number of people sleeping rough in Oxford compared with the previous year.

The City Council is currently running several initiatives to combat homelessness, with an agreed £1.65m grant budget for 2024/2025 to help prevent rough sleeping. The grant lends support to the Oxfordshire Homelessness Alliance, a “housing led” service which ties together outreach, accommodation and prevention services across Oxfordshire’s six councils to systematically tackle rough sleeping.

However, just last month concerns arose from homelessness charities in Oxford such as Homeless Oxfordshire, Connection Support and Aspire Oxfordshire over the future of the Rough Sleeping Initiative (RSI) funding which the government recently announced will end in March. 

With charities at a “funding cliff edge”, there are concerns that there will be a steep decline in the availability of aid offered to those facing homelessness. The Draft Housing, Homelessness and Rough Sleeping Strategy for Oxford 2023 to 2028 states: “Continuous funding from the government and other sources is key for it to be able to continue to deliver and develop the range of services that are needed to end rough sleeping in the city.” 

Linda Smith, Councillor for Blackbird Leys, also remarked on the growing difficulties facing the Council regarding the provision of aid to the homeless, telling Cherwell: “There is a shortage of truly affordable housing in Oxford, and rents in the private rented sector are impossibly high for people on a low income.

“This means it is very hard for people to move on into a settled home from a hostel or supported emergency accommodation after a period of rough sleeping. It also means that too many households are reliant on the council accommodating them in temporary accommodation to avoid homelessness, which is creating an unprecedented pressure on the city council’s budget.”

Most menstrual tracking apps are designed with ‘Western assumptions’

Esther Greggains
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Most menstrual tracking apps are designed with ‘Western assumptions’

A recent publication led by an Oxford University professor has called for more research into the accuracy of apps such as Clu, Flo, and Period Tracker. The authors note that most period tracking apps are designed with “Western assumptions”, such as monogamy and what should be considered a “normal” menstrual cycle, that limits their cultural relevance and effectiveness in other contexts. 

The research, led by Oxford’s Dr. Franceso Rampazzo, further suggests that period tracking apps may be more popular where there is reduced accessibility to reproductive health services. It suggests that users in countries where there is an “unmet need for family planning” rely more on the apps as methods of birth control and for achieving pregnancy. The paper says that since such apps are designed for use in the “Global North”, the implication of such uses for the apps need to be studied in the “Global South”. 

Co-author Dr Douglas Leasure also expressed concern about the “potential risks when private-sector app developers fill in for reproductive health professionals”, such as the monetisation of individual data that has been collected on a global scale.

Previous concerns have been raised about data privacy in these apps. A report in period app data security by the Information Commissioner’s Office in 2023 stated that 54% of women reported receiving “baby or fertility-related” adverts since signing up for the app. In the US, the overturning of federal abortion rights also led women to delete their period-tracking apps in fear that their data may be used to prosecute abortions.

61% of respondents, from across 112 countries, listed menstrual cycle tracking as their primary usage of the app. Achieving pregnancy was 22% and avoiding pregnancy was 8%. Statistics show that period app usage in South America was similar to that in Eastern Europe. The research was unable to find data for parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and China. 

Unfortunately, the Union Matters

Alex Prvulovich
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Unfortunately, the Union Matters

Within a decade of being founded, the Oxford Union was already doing its best to tear itself apart – complete with a faux-epic of the conflict written under the name Habbakukius Dunderheadius – and it’s not grown much calmer in its old age. With all the recent convulsions (never mind the constant elections), Union drama sprawls over student papers, Oxfesses, and your Instagram DMs alike. All this for, it must be said, a student society well past its glory days. No one can be blamed for throwing their hands up and complaining that the Union doesn’t matter.

Unfortunately, it does. Not nearly as much as hacks think it does, but it does. On a basic level, it’s a company with employees, a balance sheet, and, as some on Committee have recently learnt, trustees. It’s also snagged more than £300 from thousands of students, so it’s probably worth paying attention to how that’s being spent.

The Union’s most valuable assets, though, are its prestige and history. This already gives us more reason to take notice – I care about what happens to the place that hosted the King and Country debate, that witnessed Malcolm X declare the line that we are not human beings unless we band together. But that legacy gives the current Union power, power to draw big names, and power to broadcast and legitimise others. The Union did not single-handedly make Tommy Robinson or George Galloway famous, but if it had no effect you wouldn’t see so many people protest speakers like Kathleen Stock.

If that doesn’t convince you, think selfishly. The Union is so widely known and has such cultural capital that it affects Oxford as a whole. When articles are written about it being bigoted, or posh, or full of wannabe politicians, that affects how people think of Oxford students in general. The finer details of the Union’s fiercely-guarded independence get lost – sometimes it even gets reported as the Student Union – and, given its members are almost exclusively from the University, the conflation isn’t wholly unfair. Rightly or wrongly, it affects how prospective students see the University, and how you’ll be seen by people you meet in your life, just as stories of the Bullingdon Club did and do. 

Union drama might not be as cataclysmically important as hacks make it out to be, but we can’t ignore it.

Home, and how to find it

Amy Seal
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Home, and how to find it

How do you define the undefinable? How do you even begin to think about the meaning of those words whose meaning can only be encapsulated by the word itself? Those words that have powerful associations, that can conjure powerful images, but we cannot draw meaning out of without repeating the word over and over. For me, one such word is “home”.

Now, anyone with an internet access, a dictionary at hand, or a mind of their own will immediately contest this – a home is a definable, tangible thing – and Merriam Webster, Cambridge, Collins and more all contend it is “the place where one lives”. But I have never found it that simple, and it is exactly in that contradiction – the fact that the tangibility so strongly associated with a “home” for me does not begin to describe it – perhaps can attest to that.

My family can never quite seem to sit still – figuratively, not literally of course, and in my 20 years I’ve lived in different 6 places (Oxford being the 7th), and my parents even more. Perhaps it’s a deep rooted wanderlust, or a fear of stagnation, or the realisation that the best thing to do when you are unhappy is to drop everything, pack it up, and move away – and so we did, again and again.

It’s not that I’m complaining, don’t get me wrong, and please do put away your tiny violin. I have been lucky, luckier than most to explore all these different parts of the country, and the world – and that my parents work in a field that allows them to get up and go whenever and wherever they feel like it. What I am really describing, in the grand scheme of things, is a non-issue, it is, in fact, the absence of a problem. But I still think that there is a valuable point in here somewhere, in that the issue of home affects us all, and will come to affect us more profoundly as the years go on. In being at university, we have quite literally stepped out of the comfort of our homes, our past lives, and everything we knew (in one way or another), and have had to reorient ourselves entirely. And for us finalists, that question of “where is home” is becoming all the more pressing. Don’t get me wrong, reader, this is not an article about the housing market. It is about how to conceive of belonging and “home” when it is no longer linked to something tangible – it is about the places where home might be found, the places where it is not found, and it is, fundamentally, about the indescribable feeling of being in a crisis, thinking “I want to go home” and not knowing what that means.

The first indication that my concept of home was perhaps a little abnormal was, when a natural disaster extended a family holiday, I burst into tears. This was a surprise to my bewildered parents for a multitude of reasons. The disruption was such that we would miss the first few weeks of school, I was six, and we were at Disneyland. But still, I cried and I cried and I cried. And, as one does when their child is distraught for no discernable reason, my parents asked “what’s wrong”, and, as has been an ongoing theme in our relationship, I knew I had no idea why I was in such immense anguish – so, I would have to make something up. And so I landed on, “I miss my teddy bears”. And though I still can’t verbalise that feeling, I think, there is some wisdom to be pulled from the echoes of my six year old tantrums. What I am sure many of us have experienced at University, in not feeling “at home” until all our posters, fake plants and fairy lights have been put up in our dorms – perhaps I was onto something in that home can be found in the teddy bear that sits on your bed at university.

But this is not everything. Posters and plants might trick the eye, and perhaps the brain into some superficial degree of comfort, but they can never fully bring about that feeling of “home”. Perhaps I wanted my teddy bear not because he was a visual reminder of comfort and a sense of continuity in the otherwise (apparently) turbulent world of a six year old – but rather, because when you hug a teddy bear, they hug you back.

Perhaps, then, home can be found in the company of others. Perhaps then, the reason a home is a home, is not because we particularly enjoy the four walls and the decorations inside it, but because the love we share with the people inside it. Perhaps, then, a home can be found anywhere. And to some degree I think it can. Because have you not felt that sense of warmth and joy deep inside when you’re crying with laughter with friends, have you not looked around and felt that full-body relaxation, that indescribable sense of comfort? Did you not feel at home at that moment?

Perhaps there is something to be said about keeping bad company, about the virtues of keeping a home and a people separate, and about fostering a sense of internal comfort and self-reliance. Or perhaps that is a topic for another article, for a wiser and older “me”, who, I hope is at “home”, wherever and whatever that means. My point, I suppose, is that, for the finalists among us, it deserves thinking about. What and where is your home, and how this can change. If you have the answer, I would love to hear it.

It seems like life after university is a journey to find our way home, whatever that means.

Divestment will take more than a review board

Archie Johnston
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Divestment will take more than a review board

As reported by Cherwell last week, the Ethical Investment Representations Review Subcommittee (EIRRS) is conducting a review of the University’s current investment policy. The University, in its newsletter Gazette, notes that this review follows ‘concerns raised by members of the community’. While this may feel like a ludicrous understatement for over a year of students, staff, and Oxford residents demanding an overhaul of investment policy, the review is welcome. In fact, it is urgently necessary in order to move away from the current policy, which is woefully unfit for the times. 

EIRRS is part of the University’s Investment Committee, which sets guidance for Oxford University Endowment Management (OUem), a subsidiary company of the University responsible for managing the University’s investments. Its purpose is to ensure that OUem stays consistent with ethical standards as raised by the University community. If the conclusion of the present review does not result in a drastic change of policy, it will have failed to do so.

So, what so badly needs an overhaul? Simply put, the most crucial step is to close loopholes. The ethical investment rules as they currently stand are carefully worded to allow the University to continue drawing revenue from investment in arms. The University cannot make ‘direct investments’ in companies which manufacture arms that are illegal in the UK. The issue here should be pretty clear: investments in illegal arms are still very much possible. Plenty of investment funds offered by large investment companies independently hold shares in weapons manufacturers. An asset manager like OUem can have its money invested in arms companies not constrained by UK law, without such investments being ‘direct’.

Additionally, there are many weapons legal under UK law which are currently being deployed against civilian populations. To give one example, quadcopter drones, which are used in the UK by the arms company Raytheon to promote ‘aerospace’ careers to children, have been observed by a British surgeon in Gaza deliberately targeting children injured by Israeli bombings. Using UK law as the gold standard for ethical investment in this context is nothing less than an abdication of responsibility.

The University has largely stood behind this clearly lacking policy, even in the face of concerted action by groups like Oxford Action for Palestine (OA4P), which set up two encampments within the University last Trinity Term. In a statement in May responding to protest action by OA4P, the University did not address concerns with investment policy, instead highlighting efforts to set up a scholarship scheme for Palestinian students, and strengthening relationships with Gazan universities. Given that Israeli forces had destroyed all twelve universities in Gaza by May, the statement rang a little hollow. The University has also increased its subscription to the Council for At-Risk Academics (CARA) and made online educational resources available for Palestinians. These measures are welcome, and might bring some benefit to students in the West Bank or East Jerusalem, but they fail to address the root issue: the University is financially contributing to, and drawing revenue from, Israeli genocide in Palestine. Scholarship programs will not stop the Israeli government from bulldozing villages in the West Bank. A student in Gaza with no home, no university, and no internet connection is hardly going to be reassured by having a login for SOLO.

The issue of arms investment is bigger than Palestine, though. Armed conflict around the globe is on the rise. This week, British-made missiles were fired into Russia. Vladimir Putin has lowered the threshold for the Russian deployment of nuclear weapons. The onslaught on Palestine has turned into a regional war. Tightening the University’s opportunities for investment in the technologies that will continue to be used to wreak havoc on civilian populations is an urgent need – not just for Palestine, but for Congo, Sudan, or any other part of the world experiencing or at risk of armed conflict.

The ethical arguments for divestment from arms are very easy to lay out. However, it is not just ethics the University should consider. The legal and publicity implications are also significant, which is why these conversations must also extend beyond investment policy. The International Criminal Court last week issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and former defence minister Yoav Gallant. If Israeli leaders are found liable for war crimes, then private entities who enabled their actions might face legal ramifications. 

This has precedent. French cement conglomerate Lafarge, which paid protection money to Islamic State (IS) to be able to continue its operations in Syria, has been subject to a fine and a civil lawsuit in America, as well as a criminal case in France which alleges the company’s complicity in crimes against humanity. Similar accusations might be levelled at Israeli universities, which are deeply enmeshed in the country’s arms industry. Now, of course, Oxford University is far enough removed not to be directly liable in the same way. However, if Israeli politicians are held responsible for war crimes, an Oxford which continues to invest in arms and retain its ties to Israeli universities will face severe reputational damage – even if the University avoids legal trouble. For all of these reasons, the EIRRS review has to end in a root-and-branch restructuring of the University’s approach to investment.

This will affect not only the University’s investments, but also those of individual colleges. Many colleges manage their investments wholly or partially through OUem. Given that the sum of college endowments is a little over four times the size of the University’s, this is arguably even more important. While the review is a crucial first step, much more work needs to be done. Those investments that fall outside the remit of EIRRS will not be changed by this review regardless of its conclusions. Meanwhile, as the University and its colleges continue to direct money towards the deaths of hundreds of thousands around the world, and draw revenue from this violence, it is the responsibility of every member of the University community to keep up the pressure.

The gaps in Oxford’s political societies

Felix Smithson
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The gaps in Oxford’s political societies

The alignments of our nation are changing, and the failure of student politics at Oxford to keep up is nothing less than a dereliction of our duty. Of the 58 prime ministers of the United Kingdom to date, 31 were educated at the University of Oxford. This includes Starmer, Sunak, Truss, Johnson, May, and Cameron – all of the last six. This is a legacy which, with a few exceptions, we are right to be proud of. But so long as the Oxford political scene remains stuck in the past, this legacy is destined to fade away in our hands. It is no longer sustainable for our student societies to be overwhelmingly split down a simplistic Labour-Conservative divide, especially one based on farcically outdated conceptions of these parties themselves. 

The Policy Institute at KCL concluded in 2019 that, in Britain, “our long-standing party-political structures are struggling to capture the diversity in the electorate, and new parties are emerging as a result.” According to the Policy Institute, the political challenge of our time is to resolve this wide variety of positions among the public. Health, education, immigration, the environment, and the economy are all key battlegrounds where this new explosion of varied viewpoints is playing out. Britain is increasingly characterised by a kaleidoscope of priorities; the days of simple left-right party lines are over. 

After all, in Britain we are not seeing the same kind of issue polarisation along strong partisan lines that has dominated so much of recent US politics. ‘Republican’ and ‘Democrat’ are labels indicative of far more than mere voting intention in the US; they designate groups set apart by clearly defined ideological differences. The Pew Research Center’s basket of 10 political attitude measures showed in 2017 that the median Republican was now more conservative than 97 per cent of Democrats, and the median Democrat more liberal than 95 per cent of Republicans. 

Though once upon a time it might have been so, British voters cannot be grouped in an analogous way. The decline in party membership is one of many indicators of changing affiliations within the British electorate over the last few decades. At its peak in the early 1950s, membership stood at 2.8 million for the Conservative Party and 1 million for the Labour Party. Flash forward to today and the Conservatives boast a measly 130,000 members, with Labour ahead at only 360,000. Let us not ignore the fact that in the

recent general election, 42.6% of the vote went to neither the Conservative Party nor Labour.

Yet, as Oxford students, we are not responding to this. The 18 ‘political’ societies listed on the Student Union website denote a picture of politics which fails to resemble the changing alignments of our nation. A large part of the problem is that Oxford University Conservative Association (OUCA) and Oxford University Labour Club (OULC) continue to utterly dominate student discussion of politics, despite other alternatives. With the former fixated on their bizarre fetishisation of Sir Jacob Rees Mogg and the latter oft addressing its members as ‘comrades’, a US-style pseudo-partisan polarisation pervades the Oxford political scene.

I admire the political conviction of the committee members on each side, but the stark contrast of Port and Policy against Beer and Bickering is not helpful if Oxford wishes to nurture the next generation of our nation’s leaders. Caught up on dated conceptions of the major British parties, these societies have become caricatures of themselves, and yet students continue to feel that they must align with one or the other. These societies simply fail to cater for the breadth of student, let alone national, opinion.

Nature abhors a vacuum, yet here there exists a void which is yet to be filled. As students, we are bound by an inclination to possess strong political convictions. but it is no longer enough for these convictions to be drunkenly bellowed within the opposing, homogenous blocks of a ‘Divided Oxford’. If we wish to build upon the prime-ministerial legacy of our university, we must shoulder the responsibility of engaging in more careful thinking in order to go on to produce the responses that our nation desires so badly. 

The forums which facilitate our political discussion must adapt and multiply in line with the changing alignments of our nation and, indeed, the changing alignments of Oxford. We must no longer feel restricted by the boundaries set by two historical societies which paint a picture of politics now decades behind the state of our nation. We must be willing to do more than drunkenly agree with those whom we are bound to agree with from the offset, and confront the issues our nation faces with nuance. To continue on our current path is to sound the death knell of Oxford’s prime ministerial legacy. It is a desertion of our duty.

Screw the Scrooges, students deserve to have fun

Arun Lewis
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Screw the Scrooges, students deserve to have fun

Having survived 5th week Blues (didn’t hear any Louis Armstrong), students can now look toward the end of Michaelmas. The days get shorter, the weather gets colder, and the quality of our work degrades precipitously. It’s when the coughs and sneezes return; the glorious and heady period of decipherable lectures ends. Students desperately need something to keep the flame of academic interest alive in the bitter winter weeks. Oxmas is the beacon of light for students in these dark days, offering joviality and early Christmas cheer when clocking in library hours is particularly unappealing. 

Some say that it is an assertion of Oxford’s history as a Christian institution, or an unnecessary burden. Oxford should promote diversity: every step the colleges and central body make towards a pluralist body in all characteristics should be lauded. But in an era when Christmas is characterised by eating, drinking, and gift-giving in pleasurable excess, fears that Oxmas enforces Christian morals don’t carry weight. One term’s debauchery alone should be enough to get your average humanities student excommunicated. 

To those who say it’s a burden, I quote Dicken’s’ seminal work, The Muppet Christmas Carol: “Your chains are forged by what you say and do.” Have fun. Uni’s short, and Oxmas is part of the absurdist experience that is Oxford social life.

Mulled wine, knitted jumpers, roast dinners, brawls over formal halls – could anything encapsulate the alcoholism, poor fashion sense, gluttony, and self-aggrandisement that every Oxford student regularly and proudly displays?

Enjoy Oxmas. Don’t let yourself be harangued by latter-day Scrooges into curling up into a ball and letting seasonal depression ruin what should be a wonderful time. 

In short, drink, and be merry.

College heads scrap the Norrington Table

Ekam Hothi
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College heads scrap the Norrington Table

The Norrington Table, which ranked undergraduate colleges by their students’ degree results, has been discontinued by the Conference of Colleges on the grounds that it is not fit for purpose.

A spokesperson for the Conference of Colleges told Cherwell: “It was judged that the Norrington Table does not encapsulate the added value given by college teaching. Nor does it relate to differences at the level of specific degree courses.”

Senior tutors made the decision in Hilary Term 2024 in consultation with all colleges. Student representatives were also present at relevant meetings of the Senior Tutors’ Committee.

The Norrington score was developed by former President of Trinity College Sir Arthur Norrington in the 1960s, as a way of measuring the performance of the students at each college in their finals. The Student Union’s College Disparities Report, published earlier this year, finds a direct correlation between college wealth and high positions in the Norrington Table.

Expressed as a percentage, it was calculated by attaching scores to each classification of undergraduate degree (5 for a first, 3 for an upper second, 2 for a lower second, 1 for a third, and 0 for a pass), and then dividing the total college score by the highest possible college score.

The last Norrington Table to be published was for the 2021/22 academic year. The top three colleges were Merton College (80.9%), Lincoln College (80.7%), and Harris Manchester College (77.7%). The bottom three were Lady Margaret Hall (69.7%), Jesus College (68.5%), and Exeter College (68.0%).

However, the vast majority of colleges occupied a different position in the table when the results from the 2019/20 and 2021/22 academic years were collated – for example, Balliol, Brasenose, and Christ Church came first, second, and third respectively.

Regarding the system which will replace the Norrington Table, Conference of Colleges spokesperson told Cherwell: Discussions on future examination data are still ongoing. It is intended that the raw data on examination performance by college will still be made available.”

The Oxford University webpage for the Norrington Table draws attention to the drawbacks of the system: “The score represents absolute performance not adjusted for any variations in student background or prior academic achievement, and so does not necessarily represent progress made while on course.

“The score is based on students who are members of a College, not on students receiving their teaching from that college. Students are typically taught by tutors from several colleges, as well as receiving teaching from their department or faculty.”

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