Roughly nine months ago, I wrote a piece about the attempted murder of Pakistani schoolgirl Malala Yousafzai. She was shot at on her way to school by Taliban militants because of her campaign for girls’ education and was subsequently flown to Britain for emergency surgery and rehabilitation. Despite her undisputed bravery and dedicated fight for social justice, Malala’s future was uncertain. Unable to return to Pakistan for fear of a repeated attack but unlikely to give up her battle, the question remained – could Malala change a nation?
Yesterday, on her 16th birthday, Malala gave a speech at the United Nations that firmly answered that question. “The terrorists thought that they would change my aims and stop my ambitions,” she said, “but nothing changed in my life, except this: weakness, fear and hopelessness died. Strength, power and courage was born.” Less than a year after undergoing brain surgery, relocating to the United Kingdom and dealing with the repercussions of an assassination attempt, Malala stood amongst world leaders and her peers to let them know that her campaign was not over, and that just as before, education is her chief concern. “One child, one teacher, one pen and one book can change the world. Education is the only solution. Education first.”
Schools in Pakistan continue to exist in peril; establishments all over the country are under constant pressure from the Taliban – the threat of violence then discourages parents from sending their children to school, which perpetuates the association of education with fear. Just under a month ago in Quetta, 14 girls were killed by a bus explosion on their way to university, with militants then laying siege to the hospital that the wounded were being treated in. Though Malala has become the face of Pakistani female education rights, it is clear now that her story is one of many incidents of terror and murder throughout the country. The culture of fear is so strong that it has even forced some members of Malala’s own community to distance themselves from the girl, out of concern that their children will suffer from similar attacks. However, Malala herself aspires to be the voice for those who do not have one, and it appears that no amount of adversity or threat will change that.
In her address at the UN, Malala focused not only on education in Pakistan, but the provision and implementation of educational policy worldwide. A Unesco and Save the Children study released to coincide with the speech shows that 57 million children are currently out of school, and that attempts to rectify this incredible number have come to a “virtual standstill.” Unsurprisingly, half of the primary school aged children out of school live in conflict affected countries. This correlation was noted by Malala in her speech, as she stated, “We are really tired of these wars.” The simple collective pronoun spoke for every child forced to grow up in a war zone, every girl denied rights because of her gender, and every child facing hundreds of different wars on a daily basis. This wasn’t just a speech about free education for all, but rather a message to all world leaders – strategic policies must change if we are ever to protect children against violence and conflict, let alone offer them the education they are entitled to.
The battle for a basic right to education is a simple wish made daunting by the prospect of cultural, financial and political opposition. Despite this, Malala’s petition to UN Secretary General Ban-Ki Moon asks that “the United Nations General Assembly fund new teachers, schools, books and recommit to getting every girl and boy in school by December 2015.” It’s an ambitious goal – 44% of the uneducated children in conflict zones are from sub-Saharan Africa, and 14% are from the Arab states. If the recent incidents in Egypt, Libya and Syria, and the ongoing conflict in the Middle East are anything to go by, Malala and her supporters will be facing an uphill struggle. In addition to the political issues, there is also the cultural opposition which is arguably far more difficult to remedy. Practices such as early-marriage and frequent gender violence are some of the key preventatives to women receiving an education – it is estimated that women represent two thirds of the 775 million illiterates in the world.
These numbers are intimidating, the task seemingly impossible, but at the helm of the campaign we have a 16 year old girl whose experiences speak of both intimidation and impossibility. This is just the beginning of one of the most important worldwide campaigns at present. In my first article on Malala, I questioned whether the attack would “spur her on”, or whether it would convince her of the danger in her task. The following words taken from her speech are perhaps the only way to answer that question: “The Taliban thought the bullet would silence us, but they failed.”
