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Exclusive: Nancy Pelosi, Jose Mourinho and Patrick J. Adams to speak at Oxford Union

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Cherwell can exclusively reveal details of the Oxford Union’s Trinity 2024 term card. Speakers include 52nd Speaker of the US House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi, football manager Jose Mourinho and actor Patrick J. Adams. 

Nancy Pelosi will give the Benazir Bhutto Memorial Lecture, and then later participate in a debate on populism with PoliticsJOE journalist Oli Dugmore. Pelosi, a Democrat, has held the position of Speaker for a total of eight years over two terms. She has enabled the passing of landmark bills such as Obamacare, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 and repealing the Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell policy. Notably, she presided over both of President Donald Trump’s impeachments.

Football manager Jose Mourinho is one of the most decorated managers in the sport. Recently added to the Italian Football Hall of Fame, he has led both Porto and Inter Milan to Champions League wins, being the youngest manager to reach 100 Champions League games. While he was overseeing Chelsea, the team broke the record for fewest goals conceded in a Premier League season. He has also managed English teams Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspurs, as well as Real Madrid and Roma. 

Patrick J. Adams has previously starred in ‘Suits’, receiving a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for his role of Mike Ross. Adams co-produced the show from the third season onwards, also directing several episodes. In 2022, he performed in the Broadway revival of ‘Take Me Out’, which received a Tony for Best Revival of a Play. 

This term’s debates will include a debate on the future of the European Union, one on whether Britain is still a fighting military force to mark the anniversary of D-Day on the 6 June and a comedy debate with Caspar Lee and Tom Rosenthal. Additionally, floor prizes available include a night’s stay at Store Hotel with cocktails and breakfast, and a three course meal at The Perch. 

There will be a panel on judicial interference with a Pakistan Supreme Court Justice as well as one on the upcoming American election. The Rt Hon. The Lord Sewell of Sanderstead will deliver a talk entitled ‘The End of Race – The Real Drivers of Black Success’. 

Socials will include a Midsummer Night’s Dream themed ball, a piano concert and reception sponsored by Kawai and a beer garden. 

Discussing the upcoming term card, Oxford Union President Louis Wilson has told Cherwell: “I am delighted to present the term card for Trinity 2024 at the Oxford Union. We have endeavoured to reflect the diversity of voices within our membership for our events this term. There is the opportunity to challenge Nancy Pelosi one day and learn from Jose Mourinho the next.

“I am particularly proud to celebrate the Union’s military heritage with a debate to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the Normandy Landings. I sincerely hope everyone can find an event or social which they are interested in.”

Landlords will close ATIK Oxford in June

Image Credit: Meraj Chhaya/CC-BY-2.0 via Flickr

Cherwell can confirm that ATIK Oxford is set to close down at the end of June this year. On Saturday 6 April, student club representatives were informed that the nightclub would be shutting down, which was later confirmed by Rekom, the parent operations company of ATIK. 

A spokesperson from Rekom told Cherwell: “Unfortunately the landlord has decided that ATIK will close on 30 June.” While it will remain open for Trinity term, the nightclub will have closed its doors before Freshers’ Week 2024. As a result, Oxford colleges will no longer be able to book club nights there and will instead look to alternative locations, such as Bridge and The Varsity Club.

Oxford’s most popular nightclub was rumoured to be closing its doors earlier this year among closures of several other branches across the UK. At the beginning of 2024, Peter Marks, the Chairman of Rekom UK, accredited these closures to “the combination of the cost-of-living crisis hitting younger generations and students particularly hard, as well as the rising national living wage.” Rekom sent administrators into many locations, which resulted in the shutting down of six Pryzm and four ATIK sites.

However, the Oxford branch was not affected and the company previously assured Cherwell that the nightclub would remain open. Instead, ATIK will be closing due to a disagreement with the landlord. Rekom told Cherwell that the landlord plans “to redevelop Cantay House into offices” and although “we offered a number of solutions to enable ATIK to remain open…all of our proposals to continue trading were rejected by the landlord.”

In response to the closure, a spokesperson from Rekom told Cherwell: “We are absolutely distraught for the local community, student market, staff and management, businesses on Park End street that rely on ATIK to support their business and the late night economy as a whole.” 

This negative reaction has been echoed by students. An Oxford University student told Cherwell: “ATIK and Park End nights are such a big part of the city and university’s social scene, it’s a real shame to see that go.”

Rekom is still in the process of finding a solution. However, they told Cherwell: “…as it stands we are preparing for the last three months of ATIK Oxford.”

Oxford academics call for an end to anonymous university donations

Image Credit: Simon Q/CC-BY-2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

Eight Oxford academics were among more than 120 academics, campaigners, politicians and journalists who called for legislation “requiring universities to publish a register of large donations and research funding” in an open letter citing the findings of a report into anonymous university donations. 

The letter was addressed to Secretary of State for Education Gillian Keegan and Shadow Education Secretary Bridget Phillipson, and noted that a difficult financial climate is one reason that universities have “increasingly found it necessary to seek large amounts of money from private donors… including many from overseas.” 

OpenDemoacracy’s report on donations found that Russell Group universities had received more than £281m of anonymous donations since 2017, including more than £106m accepted by Oxford from just 68 donors–by far the highest amount accepted by any one university. 

The letter also cited recent action by Parliament to address the issue. Last June, MPs tried to introduce legislation to ensure UK universities would publish the names of any foreign donor who gave a university more than £50,000. 

Parliament ultimately changed the phrasing from ‘duty to disclose’ to  ‘duty to consider’, due in part to what openDemocracy called a “coordinated lobbying campaign” by university officials including Cambridge’s then vice-chancellor Stephen Toope and Universities UK, an advocacy organisation for higher education bodies. 

The letter also follows a report on China released in July by the Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament, which called on the UK Government to “ensure that transparency around the source of foreign donations to Higher Education institutions is improved” and recommended that the Department of Education create a public register of donations, to be monitored by the State Threats Unit in the Home Office. 

Later this month, a case is expected to be heard in court on whether Oxford can block a Freedom of Information request about the identity of the anonymous donor behind a £10m gift to establish the Oxford Nizami Ganjavi Centre to research Azerbaijan, the Caucasus and Central Asia. The donation was “facilitated” by the president of Azerbaijan’s sister-in-law in 2018. 

Dr Alexander Morrison, interim director of the Oxford Nizami Ganjavi Centre and a historian at New College, told Cherwell: “without transparency over where the money comes from you cannot fully evaluate the quality, integrity and independence of academic research.”

He acknowledged that the anonymity of the donation, which came from Azerbaijan, had not “allowed Azerbaijan’s regime to exercise undue influence over the centre’s activities.” However, he also felt that this ambiguity had “ended up overshadowing all the good work that the centre actually does…” 

Dr Morrison told Cherwell that declaration of large donations to universities “allows full transparency when evaluating the  independence of the academic activities which they fund, and ensures that undue influence cannot be exercised clandestinely.” 

Another of the eight Oxford signatories, Dr Corentin Cohen, told Cherwell: “I am sure that all my colleagues are concerned about the shrinking of public space and the challenge to freedom of expression, and that they want to improve transparency and accountability.”

The Oxford signatories were Dr Corentin Cohen (St Peter’s College), Dr Katie Higgins, Dr Jody LaPorte (Lincoln College), Dr Alexander Morrisson (New College), Professor Madeleine Reeves (St Hugh’s College), Dr Amogh Dhar Sharma (St Antony’s College) and Dr Marietta van der Tol. All are academics in politics, International Relations, anthropology or history. 

A spokesperson of Oxford University told Cherwell: “All Oxford University research is academically driven, with the ultimate aim of enhancing openly available scholarship and knowledge. Donors have no influence over how Oxford academics carry out their research, and major donors are reviewed and approved by the University’s Committee to Review Donations and Research Funding, which is a robust, independent system taking legal, ethical and reputational issues into consideration before gifts are accepted.”

Oppenheimer premieres in Japan: What took so long? 

Robbert Oppenheimer and General Leslie Groves at Ground Zero of the nuclear bomb test site.
Image credits: AIP Emilio Segrè Visual Archives / CC0 1.0 DEED via Wikimedia Commons

Christopher Nolan’s Oppenheimer had its very first screenings in Japanese cinemas on the 29th of March 2024 – eight months after it was released in the rest of the world. The film, exploring the life of the eponymous father of the atomic bomb, made over $950 million at the box office. It was nominated for thirteen Oscars and succeeded in seven categories, including Best Picture, at the 2024 Academy Awards.

At the time of its initial global release, on the same day as Mattel’s blockbuster Barbie, I was battling homesickness as I reached the end of my year abroad in Japan. I found myself desperate to join in on the ‘Barbenheimer’ cultural phenomenon sweeping the West. These hopes were squashed, however, when Warner Brothers stirred anger in Japan after engaging with fan-made memes depicting Barbie posed next to mushroom clouds.Universal sub-distributor Toho-Towa then failed to announce a release date in Japan. The controversy even prompted the creation of the #NoBarbenheimer hashtag by Japanese netizens on X (Twitter).

When, upon my return to Europe, I finally got the chance to see the film, I found myself torn. As a subjective depiction of the groundbreaking scientist’s life, I thought the film brilliant. It humanises a historical figure who has so often been either discredited, villainised or even forgotten, and sheds light on an important turning point in history. On the other hand, I was disappointed. I felt that the failure to include any depiction of the Japanese people’s suffering in the film was a missed opportunity to show audiences how truly horrific the destruction wrought by atomic weapons is. In doing so, it creates the risk of younger audiences not understanding the significance of Oppenheimer’s invention and the reason for his internal turmoil. As Spike Lee put it, “[i]f it’s three hours, I would like to add some more minutes about what happened to the Japanese people. People got vaporised. Many years later, people are radioactive.”

I have had the opportunity to visit Hiroshima twice. My most recent trip there was a compulsory one, during the summer of my year abroad. Our group of Kobe University students visited the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum –  a harrowing experience, even upon my second visit. Galleries of photographs and personal belongings accompany detailed accounts of the experiences of victims of the city’s atomic bombing. We engaged in an open discussion between foreign exchange students and Japanese students. Nao Fukuoka, a peace activist and third generation Hiroshima A-bomb survivor whose grandfather lived through the bombing, led the discussion. She recalled how Japan’s younger generation’s lack of engagement inspired her to join a group of elderly atomic bomb victims, or hibakusha as they are known in Japanese, working with the Japan-based NGO Peace Boat. She has travelled around the world with these survivors as they shared their first-hand experiences. Hearing their passion for their mission as spokespeople for world peace and nuclear disarmament, I found myself moved and impressed by the ongoing strength of the people of Hiroshima. My opinion of the United States’ bombing of Japan is therefore a profoundly emotional one.

My path overlapped with Oppenheimer‘s once again this year as I visited my grandparents in New Mexico over the winter break. The state of New Mexico is home to the town of Los Alamos, known primarily as the Manhattan Project’s main hub for nuclear research and the birthplace of the atomic bomb. It remains one of the United States’ most important national laboratories. 

We drove up the winding road to the mesa top, where the town is perched overlooking a sprawling desert landscape. The primary attraction there is the Bradbury Science Museum, which takes visitors through the Lab’s history from its World War II beginnings to the present-day. As expected from an American federally-funded museum, it, like Nolan’s film, reflects the Western narrative that rationalises the need for the development and dropping of the atomic bombs. A sign placed beside a lifesize model of Fat Man, the bomb dropped on Nagasaki three days after Little Boy was dropped on Hiroshima, ambiguously reads: “Many consider the Manhattan Project a brilliant achievement that ended the war and brought decades of peace. At the same time, many believe the development of the atom bomb has created profound dilemmas for humankind.” Only a few feet away, the museum shop sells Fat Man/Little Boy earrings and lapel pins. I could not help but worry that such disturbing souvenirs risked trivialising the bombs’ significance in the history of humankind.

Japanese reception of Oppenheimer has been divided. Toshiyuki Mimaki, who was three years old when the bomb destroyed his home town, was an audience member at one of the first screenings in Hiroshima. He told The Guardian, “I was waiting for the Hiroshima bombing scene to appear, but it never did.” The 82-year-old continued, “It’s important to show the full story, including the victims, if we are going to have a future without nuclear weapons.” 

Others see the showing of the film in Japan as necessary. In the About Asia podcast, Yuki Miyamoto, a nuclear ethics professor at DePaul University, said: “I think it’s great that the film is released.” In her view, the absence of hibakusha (or any victims at all) in the film shows Hiroshima and Nagasaki’s place in the American mind. 

If travelling between Hiroshima and Los Alamos and seeing the different reactions to Oppenheimer in Japan and the West have confirmed anything in my mind, it is that perspectives on the nuclear bombings remain unaligned. In Western memory, it is still the American perspective that dominates. While Oppenheimer has reopened the conversation surrounding nuclear weapons, I hope that in the near future, a response sharing the Japanese perspective will be released. The United States’ framing of the atomic bomb as the epitome of scientific achievement and a vessel for peace has too often led to the West’s neglect of its Japanese victims. Oppenheimer calls himself “Death, the Destroyer of Worlds”. The world needs to be reminded of what that meant for Japan and continues to mean for us all. 

Was India Bazball’s graveyard or its baptism by fire?

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22 months since Brendon ‘Baz’ McCullum’s appointment as head coach of the England Men’s cricket team, the calls for him and for his ‘Bazball’ approach to go have never been stronger. What else can you expect when a coach and team strut confidently into a series, and receive a 4-1 drubbing in response? There will be backlash. But Bazball doesn’t need to go; I don’t think this England team can make it without Bazball anymore.

England went into this tour of India with confidence. The last 22 months, under the coaching of Baz and the captaincy of Ben Stokes, have been characterised by a revitalised English team taking the attack to their opponents. The turnaround is famous (in cricket circles, at least), from England winning just 1 of the last 17 matches in the pre-Bazball era, to winning 13 of the next 18. With Baz/Stokes’ aggressive approach, England upped their scoring rate and suddenly found the killer instinct needed to become a successful team.

Undoubtedly their finest achievement is the clean-sweep series win in Pakistan, which exemplified its approach of scoring big runs fast and chasing results. The Rawalpindi Test is the archetypal Bazball win, with four centuries being struck at run-a-ball or better, the aggregate runs for the match surpassing 1700, and yet there was still a result. It’s not just speed; there’s a freedom and feistiness with which England approaches challenges now. The Edgbaston Test, where England defeated India, chasing down a barely believable 378/3, exemplifies their mindset that no target is too big. In the bubble of Bazball, every cricketer genuinely believes that the team can do anything, and that they shouldn’t worry too much and just enjoy the game.

With this experience under their belt, England came to Indian shores, knowing that they can win in the subcontinent, knowing that they can beat India. Playing India in India is undoubtedly the toughest challenge in all of Test cricket; they haven’t lost a series since 2012, and in that period have lost just 4 Tests out of 51. It’s presumptuous for any team to claim that they’re confident of victory. But Bazball is presumptuous; it makes bold claims because it genuinely believes in them, and this collective positive mindset in all the team members is what makes their winning streak possible, even if it appears ludicrous to outsiders. Let India think we’re bluffing or stupid; they won’t know what hit them. That’s what Stokes wanted to do, what he planned to do in the five Tests. 

In the first Test in Hyderabad, it seemed like what Stokes had predicted was going to come true. By the end of day 2, it seemed like the match was India’s, with England trailing by a heavy 190 runs. Yet the Bazballers believed, and from that belief came one of the greatest away victories of recent times. Ollie Pope produced a magnificent second-innings 196, and Tom Hartley bounced back from a first-innings beating to take seven wickets and seal an England win. At all points in that match England looked fearless, and the 190-run deficit only made them more excited to win. For the first time in over ten years, India felt uncomfortable at home. How often can you make the other team put on a lead of 200 and have them still think ‘is it enough’? It’s not unfair to say that the first Test felt like the harbinger of a monumental away series victory.

But what followed in the next four Tests was a nightmare come true for the Bazball faithful. India adjusted, their batsmen piled on the runs, and the bowlers recalibrated to torment opposition batsmen like they have for the last twelve years. Match by match, the series slipped out of England’s grasp, concluding in an innings defeat at Dharamsala, where it looked like everyone had run out of steam. The last time England toured, they lost 3-1. This time, they lost 4-1. It leaves a bad taste in Baz/Stokes’ mouth to admit that they did worse under Bazball than they did before. 

It’s not like the series was ever unwinnable either. There were moments in the third and fourth Tests where England were on top, and had they capitalised, could have notched further wins. Through the series, they lacked the killer instinct, that aggression that was so sorely needed, to make use of the good spots they were in. Where they should have ground India into the dust, there were batting collapses and bowling brainfades. In the third Test at Rajkot, England collapsed from 224/2 to 319 all out, blamed on a senseless Joe Root reverse scoop straight to second slip. In the fourth Test at Ranchi, England had India at 177/7 before letting them get to 307 with insipid bowling. Then they collapsed horrendously to just 145, and then while reducing India from 84/0 to 120/5, couldn’t finish off the job. England definitely could have won, but the ruthlessness, the ability to dig in, just wasn’t there.

Definitely, the lowest point of this series was the second session of day three of the Ranchi Test. India, with a spin masterclass, had brought England to 120/5 right before lunch. England’s lower order responded by retreating into their shells, putting on just 22 runs over the next 17 overs. Watching Ben Foakes blindly block balls felt like I was back in the pre-Bazball era, where England would crumble at the slightest difficulty. It was painful to see them struggle. Where was the Bazball aggression? Where was the fearlessness? By that point, England had returned to what they used to be, a mediocre Test team, not the world-beaters that Baz and Stokes had told them they were.

So, now that England have been humbled, it’s inevitable that there’s disappointment among fans. Anger and irritation with Bazball has been ever-present; from the very beginning, the insular, cocky arrogance and reckless aggression had not sat well. Yet Baz and Stokes could always point to their winning record. If it worked, it worked. Now they don’t even have that. Even the most fervent converts to Bazball sit uneasy; I know I do. Perhaps it is time for Baz to go, and his foolhardy mindset with him. Perhaps England needs to return to good old-fashioned Test cricket if it wants to win again. Perhaps that’s what’s needed for the next Ashes.

I am a Bazball convert, I will admit it. My worship at the shrine of the Holy Trinity (Baz, Stokes, and Rob Key) is motivated by the belief that Bazball is the best approach for this England team, with these players, at this time. I don’t think that it invented aggressive batting in Tests, nor do I think that it’s a sustainable template forever. But England cricket needs Bazball for now; England cricket needs to understand Bazball.

Bazball is not a philosophy of going out there and slogging every ball. At its heart, the philosophy is quite simple: it’s just cricket. It is just a game; it doesn’t matter all that much. When Stuart Broad says that playing under Bazball feels like ‘playing for a club side’, he means that there’s none of the oppressive pressure and scrutiny that English cricketers have to play through. It reminds them that Test cricket is about having fun and loving what they do, and that they should play the way that suits them best, no matter what outsiders say. Stokes wants to make Test cricket fun again, and that process starts within the team. So, he tells his players, go and play how you want. Slog your first ball for six, reverse-scoop fast bowlers outside off— we will accept it if that’s your cricket. The aggression is a result of the backyard cricketer in each player being unleashed. They chase wins because it’s more fun to go for a win and lose than play out boring draws; that’s what Stokes reminded everyone during their one-run loss in the Mount Maunganui Test. There will be no retribution for taking risks. 

English cricket needs this mindset now. The state of the team before and after Bazball speaks for itself. During the last Ashes in Australia, the intense scrutiny that every player went through put a toll on them that was visible in their playstyle, fatigued and as though they didn’t want to be there. The English cricket media can be brutal to its players, and the expectations it sets can often be too much. It’s better to tell your players to block out all that noise, because you believe in them. Bazball gives them the self-belief they so desperately need. 

Frankly speaking, English Test players are just not at the same quality level as their Indian or Aussie counterparts; there is a gulf between Jonny Bairstow and Travis Head, or Ben Duckett and Yashasvi Jaiswal. They need to make up that difference by instilling confidence and an ethos that these players can buy into, something that makes them work together, something that lets them play to their strengths and not to their weaknesses. That is Bazball. That is what the players of the English team have bought so wholly into, and it’s a philosophy I don’t think they can live without now. Once they have been set free, Stokes’ boys will always have that wild spirit in them. It’s best to embrace it, now that it’s been awoken.

India in India is truly the toughest challenge in Test cricket; one victory in five games is an above-average result for most teams. It was never going to be easy facing them, and while this series is disappointing for England, it’s not the stinging repudiation of Bazball that it’s made out to be. They would have lost like this even without Bazball, and the many times that England were on top in this series probably wouldn’t have happened if not for it. In light of that, Bazball is an ethos that England needs to continue to put their faith into. Yes, the confidence is punctured, but it can be reinflated. If England wants to keep winning, and wants to even be competitive in the next Ashes, it needs to recommit itself to Bazball. This series has been Bazball’s baptism as a mature, seasoned cricketing philosophy. They lost: now, they will learn. And when they come back, they need to continue with that boisterous, free spirit that has characterised their success. As expected from a fanatic like myself, my answer to Bazball failing will be to Bazball even harder. That’s how this team can win.

Navalny: Man, Symbol, Martyr

Image credits: Michał Siergiejevicz / CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

On February 16th, 2024, the internationally famous Russian opposition politician Alexei Navalny died. His death came after two years of torture and solitary confinement in the notorious Arctic penal colony, IK-3. He was imprisoned for charges of extremism that are widely regarded as fabricated and politically motivated. But even 1,900 km away from Moscow, held in solitary confinement, his shadow haunted the Kremlin. In a 2011 profile, echoing the words Franklin D. Roosevelt used during WW2, he told the New Yorker’s Julia Ioffe: “It is better to die standing up than live on your knees.” Navalny held on to this motto to his dying breath.

In 2011, a young, idealistic Navalny set his sights on the government corruption he saw all around him. He took on officials at all levels and never backed down from the truth. His fame grew locally, then nationally, and eventually internationally. The outlet he mastered in his political struggle was social media, and in particular YouTube videos. Their journalistic style and Navalny’s witty commentary consistently gained millions of views, and peaked at 130 million (more than Russia’s population) in the movie ‘Putin’s Palace: History of the World’s Biggest Bribe’. His work led to the nullification of corrupt government contracts, gained him a substantial following, and repeatedly embarrassed the Kremlin. In retaliation, Navalny was imprisoned and harassed. Nevertheless, Putin never uttered his name in public. Navalny always remained “that man”.

In 2013 Navalny ran in the Moscow mayoral election; the day after announcing his bid, he was found guilty of embezzlement, a charge widely seen as politically motivated, and sentenced to five years in prison. These charges are too widely seen as politically motivated and based on very little evidence. In response, thousands swarmed Moscow’s streets in spontaneous protests against his trial which, surprisingly, brought his release the next day. This decision was seemingly motivated by a desire to retain stability, along with an underestimation of the threat Navalny posed. Nevertheless, he lost the election to the Putin-supported candidate by a substantial margin. In later rounds of Russian elections, the Kremlin changed its strategy. Navalny and his party were initially allowed to join the race, and were later barred from running for legal reasons. But Navalny didn’t back down and continued the fight for a more democratic Russia.

In January 2020 Navalny was poisoned by a Kremlin agent with Novichok, a military-grade nerve agent. He collapsed in agony during a flight from Siberia to Moscow, causing an emergency landing, and was taken to a nearby hospital. The regime banned his wife, Yulia, from visiting him, as speculation and fears for his life ran wild. Nevertheless, she insisted on his release to a Berlin hospital, which ultimately saved his life. The months spent recovering in Germany would be his last as a free man. During that time, as documented in the film Navalny (2022), he joined forces with Bellingcat’s investigative journalists to uncover the shocking details of his assassination attempt. They uncovered a hit squad that had followed him since 2017 and identified the individuals who poisoned him. Then, Navalny called his assassins and tricked them into explaining in detail the process of poisoning him and hiding their tracks by impersonating a high-ranking government official. 

To the world’s amazement, knowing the risk of his decision, Navalny decided to return to Russia. His public face was calm and certain in his decision, but we will never know the true mix of emotions it entailed. Navalny returned to Russia on January 17th, 2021, on a flight that can only be imagined as nerve-wracking. Upon landing he made a brief statement to the journalists who had gathered to observe his arrival, proclaiming that he was not afraid. Minutes later, at the passport control, he was detained. Years of loud opposition, a miraculous recovery from poisoning, and a fateful decision to return to Russia had elevated Navalny from an obscure anti-corruption campaigner to a global symbol of resistance.

The trial’s outcomes were always obvious, and Navalny received a decades-long prison sentence. But Navalny only survived for 25 months. During these months of imprisonment, he suffered the harshest conditions imaginable, spending nearly a year in solitary confinement and being subject to all sorts of torture in what is regarded as one of the regime’s worst prisons. His health gradually deteriorated, particularly after a 24-day-long hunger strike. According to his letters, published by the ‘New York Times,’ the one thing that sustained him was books. In December 2023, in what seems to be the Kremlin’s final attempt to silence him, he was transferred to the secluded Polar Wolf prison. Less than two months later, on February 16th, 2024, Navalny died. The Kremlin claims Navalny suffered sudden death syndrome, but his body is still being held, making it impossible to investigate independently.

Navalny became a martyr. His death has sparked a wave of global responses. Most importantly, it has resulted in a wave of protests and mourning across Russia. In the final scene of his documentary, Navalny leaves a final message to his followers, in the case of his murder:

“You’re not allowed to give up. If they decide to kill me, it means that we are incredibly strong. We need to utilize this power, to not give up, to remember we are a huge power that is being oppressed by these bad dudes. We don’t realize how strong we actually are. The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good people to do nothing. So don’t be inactive.”

Now that Navalny is gone, it is up to everyone to follow his last wish and respect his memory by not giving up. Only time can tell whether this is a realistic prospect but, if the struggle for a democratic Russia persists, empowered to challenge the Kremlin by Navalny’s memory, his death may not be in vain.

Leaked email reveals active politicians will not be considered for Oxford chancellorship

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An email leaked to The Telegraph, sent to Oxford academics by University registrar Gillian Aitken, stated that “members of legislatures or those active in politics” will be blocked from becoming the next chancellor. Until now Theresa May, Boris Johnson and Imran Khan were considered popular contenders for the role, which has also previously been occupied by Oliver Cromwell and Harold Macmillan. 

The University told Cherwell: “The specific details of the eligibility criteria, which reflect standards that apply to charity trustees or public office, will be published in due course”. 

“Individuals will not be eligible if they are expected or aiming to be an elected member of a legislature during their term as our next Chancellor.”

Under the block of ‘elected members of a legislature’, members of the House of Lords are still eligible. The University also said that MPs and Councillors that are standing down at the next election could be eligible subject to other conflicts of interest. 

Current chancellor Lord Christopher Patten announced in February that he would retire at the end of this academic year after having held the title for 21 years. He had an active political career, serving as MP for Bath, Chairman of the Conservative Party, and being appointed the last Governor of Hong Kong. While acting as Chancellor, he was also European Commissioner for External Relations and became a member of the House of Lords. 

May and Johnson had previously indicated they will continue activity in the Conservative Party in the coming year, which could render them unfit for the role under the new rule.  

This comes after the University announced a change to the Chancellor nomination process in March. Traditionally, any individual could run for election as long as they were nominated by at least 50 members of Convocation, which consists of all former students of the University. Beginning 5 April, a new Chancellor’s Election Committee composed of academics and administrators, including the Vice-Chancellor, will decide which candidates can stand for election. 

The Times has accused the University of modifying the electoral process to “secure [a] woke chancellor”. The Chancellor’s Election Committee said they will consider “the principles of equality and diversity and the approved role specification”, but said this was not designed to ‘rig the vote’ to favour a woman.

The news has raised some criticism. Sir Anthony Seldon, political historian and Oxford graduate, said: “Politicians, although much derided, are pretty good at trade-offs and coming to sensible pragmatic solutions. They are good at handling the media and they are good at judging public opinion. They also have the international contacts. I would not exclude them.”

Radcliffe Camera to enforce ‘History Readers-Only’ time slots amid overcrowding

Image Credit: Joshua Fang

Oxford’s iconic Radcliffe Camera, home to the History Faculty Library, has announced “History Readers-Only” time slots after widespread complaints of overcrowding that prevents history readers from accessing their books. The rule will be enforced through an electronic system that records students tapping their Bodleian cards upon entry and exit.

On weekdays, only history readers are allowed access from 9am to midday and from 3pm to 6pm. On Saturdays, special times are designed to commemorate years of important historical events, with 12:15pm (Magna Carta) to 18:15pm (The Battle of Waterloo) reserved for history readers.

During “History Readers-Only” times, non-history ‘Bod cards’ will be automatically denied entry, and non-history students who were already in the library will be expected to tap out before the end of general-access time. Because the electronic system tracks which students are in the library, those violating the new rule will be sent automated email warnings.

An inside source told Cherwell that students will be fined £25 upon the third offence and denied entry to the Rad Cam for the rest of term upon the fifth offence.

They told Cherwell: “Despite the inconvenience, we find these ‘History Readers-Only’ times necessary after many History Faculty students and researchers complained about overcrowding. Many history books are reference-only, so readers must stay in the Rad Cam for the duration of reading these books, but are unable to do so because all desks are taken by non-history students who flock there for the ‘aesthetic.’ We hope that with this new rule, essential academic work will no longer be hindered.”

A history tutor told Cherwell that she hopes this new rule means that “fewer students will hand in their essays late with the excuse that they can’t find a Rad Cam spot to read the books [she] assigned.”

An outraged Medicine student, who studies at the Rad Cam daily, told Cherwell: “Rad Cam-ming is the whole point of an Oxford degree! This cruel exclusion is not what the great physician John Radcliffe wanted at all. What do History students even do, anyway?”

April Fools! Did we get you?

Boat Race 2024: Both Oxford crews lose to Cambridge

Image Credit: Megan Swann

Both the Men’s and Women’s Oxford crews lost to Cambridge in the Gemini Boat Race 2024. The women’s crew started ahead and the men’s crew kicked off head-to-head, but both Dark Blue crews fell behind the Light Blues.

The renowned sporting event is regularly watched by over 250,000 spectators at the riverbanks and millions on TV. This year’s, marking the 169th for men and 78th for women, took place at the 4.25-mile long Championship Course on the River Thames in London. Prior to today, defending champions Cambridge led with a 86–81 record for men and 47–30 for women.

This year, both Oxford teams were tipped as favourites before the race began. Though the women were considered clear favourites, the men were believed to hold a slim lead. This makes the results a surprising upset. Oxford won both tosses, and the women’s Dark Blues chose the Middlesex side, while the men’s chose the Surrey side.

In the women’s race, Oxford started well on an early bend on the Middlesex side of the river, going up nearly a boat length. On the long Surrey bend, however, Cambridge gradually pulled ahead. When Cambridge went up a boat length, the Dark Blue cox directed the crew to bump the Light Blues, believing that they had strayed into the Oxford line. The daring move did not work out, however, and the umpire warned Oxford to move back into their line. It cost Oxford dearly, and after that point, Cambridge cruised smoothly to victory by several boat lengths. After the race ended, the Oxford cox appealed the win to the umpire, arguing that Cambridge had strayed, but the umpire held that it was Oxford that had strayed. 

In the men’s race, the boats started off neck-to-neck, oars splashing within metres of the other team’s, prompting frequent warnings from the umpire to avoid contact. Cambridge led at the Hammersmith Bridge by a small margin, around half a boat length. Past that, Cambridge pulled ahead cleanly as the Surrey bend smoothened out. By Barnes Bridge, on the Middlesex bend, Oxford were about five lengths behind. Though Oxford made a late charge as one of the Cambridge rowers struggled to finish, the gap was too much to close, and Cambridge reached a comfortable victory.

Days before the Boat Race, high levels of E.coli bacteria were found near Hammersmith Bridge. The organisers issued safety advice in response, including cancelling the annual celebratory tradition of throwing the winning coxswain into the river.

Ahead of the race, Oxford Men’s President Louis Corrigan told Cherwell: “I am of course concerned for the safety of my teammates. This risk [of falling ill] doesn’t sway their determination to race. It would take unthinkable adversity to shift these guys away from their goal of victory, but that doesn’t make the contamination acceptable. As part of the Boat Race, we play an important role in really publicising this issue [of water contamination].”

Oxford Women’s President Ella Stadler told Cherwell leading up to the race: “We just can’t wait to show the world how fast we are and what we have built this year as a collective. Flip the tabs and clean sweep, bring on 30th March.”

Among the 40 rowers in the women’s squad, 18 previously trained with the lightweight or openweight squads and 16 trained in the summer through the development squad, so the turnover rate is not too high, according to Stadler. For the men’s squad, Corrigan said that turnover rate has been higher in recent years with more postgraduates who are often only here for a year, but through re-engaging recent alumni, they have built a team environment which has learned not just from last year, but from decades of experience. 

The umpires are Sir Matthew Pinsent, a BBC broadcaster and ex-Oxford rower with ten world championship gold medals and four consecutive Olympic gold medals, and ex-Cambridge rower Richard Phelps, for men’s and women’s, respectively.

On the day of the race, bankside towpaths, pubs, and fan zones are filled with spectators. An Oxford supporter told Cherwell: “The women have given us optimism for the future: This year was a really good performance, much improved. The men showed perseverance and continued to gain even towards the end, but the Cambridge boat was clearly putting in a lot of work and was unstoppable.”

This is Cambridge’s fifth victory out of the last six races for the men, and the seventh consecutive victory for Cambridge women. It marks a dominant period for the Light Blues.

Oxford’s Dark Blue lineups were:

SeatWomen’sCollegeMen’sCollege
BowLucy EdmundsPembrokeJelmer BennemaExeter
2Ella StadlerExeterHarry GlenisterKeble
3Tessa HainingBalliolSaxon StaceySt John’s
4Claire AitkenOrielJames DoranOriel
5Sarah MarshallJesusElias KunGreen Templeton
6Annie SharpSt Antony’sFrederick RoperSomerville
7Julia LindsaySt CrossLeonard JenkinsMansfield
StrokeAnnie AnezakisPembrokeElliott KempOriel
CoxJoe GellettSt Peter’sWilliam DenegriOriel

Boat Race rowers warned not to enter the Thames after E. coli discovery

Chmee2/ CC-BY-SA-3.0 via Wikimedia Commons

High levels of E.coli have been found in the River Thames, where the Gemini 2024 Boat Race between Oxford University and Cambridge University will be taking place on Saturday afternoon. The organisers of the race have issued warnings to the competing rowers about entering the water. 

The bacteria was found near Hammersmith Bridge by a World Health Organisation-approved E.coli analyser. Average levels of 2,869 E.coli per 100 millilitres of water were recorded, which is over double the recommended quality standard.

The Boat Race organisers have given rowers a list of health advice in their briefing packs. This includes wearing plasters to cover any open wounds, wearing footwear when getting in and out of the boat, and taking caution not to allow any splashing water to enter their mouths.

They have also been told not to enter the water at the end of the race. This means annual celebratory traditions, such as the winning coxswain being thrown into the water, will not take place this year. 

The advice is accompanied by contempt from the pressure group River Action. The chief executive, James Wallace, said: “our water quality results show what happens after decades of neglect by an unregulated water company, Thames Water.”

Thames Water has emphasised that “taking action to improve the health of rivers is a key focus for us and we want to lead the way with our transparent approach to data.”

Meanwhile, The Boat Race has acknowledged the discovery of E.coli and issued a statement saying “we will also be taking on board British Rowing’s recent Poor Water Quality Guidance, issued in partnership with River Action, as we look forward to the Gemini Boat Race 2024.”

Louis Corrigan, president of the men’s Oxford University Boat Club, told Cherwell that this discovery is “alarming, but sadly unsurprising.” He notes the extent of this contamination describing how: “over the years I have seen plenty of teammates or friends on the embankment fall ill while training here as a result of the water cleanliness.” 

While the Boat Race will still be going ahead on Saturday 30 March, the high level of E.coli in the River Thames will have an impact on the event. Corrigan told Cherwell “for that to be the norm is shameful…there are some serious questions for the water companies to answer.”