Tuesday 25th November 2025
Blog Page 31

From pensioners to students, all should fear the Palestine Action ban

I do not support Palestine Action. No one can after midnight on Saturday the 5th of July, when the order by the Home Secretary, approved by both Houses of Parliament, took effect, designating them a terrorist organisation. 

The reason only a few continue to support Palestine Action is because, as law-abiding individuals, many fear the consequences brought on those who do. Take Reverend Sue Parfitt, the 83 year-old retired priest arrested simply for holding a placard that read: ‘I do not support genocide, I support Palestine Action’. A heinous crime, indeed. 

This will be the true legacy of this legislation: not the prevention of terror, but the persecution of pensioners with placards.

For those of you that have missed the week’s news cycle, Palestine Action is a self-described ‘direct action group’ seeking to disrupt the sales of arms to Israel. The decision to proscribe the group came shortly after members of the organization broke into RAF Brize Norton in Oxfordshire and sprayed red paint on military aircraft. There has been ample commentary about the merits or demerits of this action, but I’m not here to repeat those arguments. You have probably already made up your mind on that. 

No matter where you stood on the activities of Palestine Action before midnight on July 5th, you should be alarmed – assuming you believe free speech matters, and that terrorism laws should target actual terrorists. You should be especially concerned about the government’s decision to dilute the meaning of terrorism by weaponising the term to suppress protest and dissent.

In 1999, when another Labour Home Secretary, Jack Straw, introduced the Terorrism Act 2000 there were many backbench Labour MPs who feared the very consequence of the broad wording of the Act that we see today. They were concerned that it encompassed conduct that should not be within the remit of counter-terrorism legislation. Hansard, the official report of all parliamentary debates, records questions by, amongst others, John McDonnell and Jeremy Corbyn, who, on 14th December 1999, raised the possibility of direct action groups being caught in a “catch-all provision that could be used in the courts to undermine civil liberties”. 

In response to the rigorous questioning by the veteran parliamentarians, the Home Secretary clarified that the Act would not be used to target protesters or direct action groups. He specifically made assurances in relation to the environmental group Greenpeace: “I know of no evidence whatever that Greenpeace is involved in any activity that would fall remotely under the scope of this measure.” That was only a few months after Greenpeace activists were charged with criminal damage and theft in relation to their environmental action activities. The Minister of State for the Home Office, Mr Charles Clarke, reiterated the same commitment: “I have made it clear throughout that we do not have any intention of seeking to apply the legislation to any domestic, industrial or environmental action.”

Fast forward to 2025, when Corbyn would be making the same argument in Parliament, this time faced with the very consequences they were assured would never take place. It was not cynicism, but foresight. This Labour government is using the Terrorism Act in precisely the same way that the last Labour government promised not to. 

Out of the 81 now-proscribed organisations, Palestine Action is the only direct action group. Yet it is grouped with the murderous Al-Qaeda, Boko Haram, and the Maniacs Murder Cult. The break with practice and precedent was not intended as a proportionate response to the activities of the group, but to silence dissent over an ongoing genocide. Its consequences for civil liberties and fundamental rights go far beyond long jail sentences and the catastrophic social and professional consequences of being labelled a ‘terrorist’. 

Under Section 40 of the Terrorism Act 2000, an individual who commits an offence under Section 12 of the Act is designated a ‘terrorist’. This gives the government sweeping powers – including arrest without warrant and stop-and-search without cause for suspicion. It has always been controversial whether fundamental rights guaranteed by the common law for centuries should be stripped from those who are overtly seen as engaged in acts of terrorism. Now, these powers apply to those holding a placard, wearing a pin, or sticking a poster on a laptop.

Chamberlain J, the High Court judge who ruled against the co-founder of Palestine Action as she sought an injunction to suspend the order of the Home Secretary, described the consequences of the proscription as stated by the claimants as “overstated”. That is perhaps because counsel for the co-founder focused too much on the consequences for participating in direct action. When the challenge to the proscription reaches a full hearing later this month, the court should recognise the wider implications of the Home Secretary’s decision on the chilling of speech when assessing whether the decision is to be upheld. Granting power to the government to detain without charge an individual who wears a pin with ‘Palestine Action’ on it, and then potentially put them in prison for a decade or more, is no less alarming than what so many are horrified to see be done across the Atlantic by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents. Nothing now stops the government from using these powers against students establishing encampments or organising sit-in protests.

This is bigger than Palestine Action. It is clear that this is not just about silencing a particular group. Direct action has been and continues to be used by others. If this decision is upheld by the courts later this month, it will be a greenlight for every future government – left, right, or extreme – to do the same. Today it’s Palestine Action. Tomorrow it’s Greenpeace. The next day it’s students demanding an end to their university’s complicity in genocide.

If you think this is a win for one side over the other in relation to Israel’s war on Gaza, be careful what you wish for. 

Today,  politicians rightfully celebrate the achievements of the suffragettes, with more than 200 female MPs celebrating the suffragettes in a photo-call within days of voting to proscribe Palestine Action. The suffragettes smashed windows, chained themselves to railings, and even engaged in a bombing campaign in which at least four died, so that the government and wider society could not ignore their calls for the right of women to vote. Palestine Action was responsible for no fatal attacks. 

Many are the times when concerned and compassionate members of the public, like the Reverend Sue Parfitt, are years ahead of the curve, suffering massive personal consequences only to be vindicated later. I have no doubt that this is one such time. 

Have an opinion on the points raised in this article? Send us a 150-word letter at [email protected] and see your response in our next print or online.

Jacob Collier is on scintillating form at Love Supreme

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Despite being a seven-time Grammy Award winner, it was only at the 2025 Love Supreme Festival in Glynde that Jacob Collier had his first major festival headline show.

Wearing his beloved crocs and vibrant, trademark garments, he burst onto the stage after a day of quintessential festival wind and rain, an example of “reassuringly English weather” which required wearing two pairs of trousers, as the maestro himself wryly remarked. The arrival of his vivacious presence was like warm sunshine after such rain. 

The 75 minute set, supported by his band, began with a morse code intro. It featured music from his latest album Djesse Vol. 4, covers of iconic songs, and crowd-pleasing tracks from his earlier albums. Collier marvellously pulled together disparate genres, showcased his expansive vocal range and multi-instrumentalist talents with raucous joy.

‘WELL’ was delivered with gusto as Collier strummed the electric guitar and rocked the stage with his punchy vocal line, while his voice soared in the glittering pop rendition of ‘Wherever I Go’. Changing to the intimate acoustic guitar, he tenderly serenaded us with ‘Little Blue’ using arpeggiated chords (a nod to Joni Mitchell’s ‘Little Green’) as the audience cooed and sang along: “don’t be afraid of the dark in your heart.” In a world of turmoil and change, a beautiful lullaby like this was truly ‘All I Need’.  

As with all of Collier’s engaging shows, audience participation was inevitably a salient ingredient. He darted across the stage, vigorously waved his arms like a conductor, and transformed us into his audience choir, adding layers of harmonizing notes and sampling, whilst the aaahing and oooing of heavenly motifs built up. He expertly weaved these layers of sounds together into a stellar musical tapestry. It was an otherworldly and transcendent experience, as thousands came together under the moonlight to sing, and clap deliriously in harmony. It felt as if we were all connected through the music emotionally, rising and falling giddily to the cues of the choirmaster. Together we became a living and breathing musical instrument, as the line between performer and audience blurred into one. 

Improvisation is a cornerstone of jazz, and Collier was able to craftily conjure cascading piano melodies throughout the night, as well as entertain us with a dynamite drum battle with his drummer. His rendition of ‘Witness Me’ began with a soft jazz piano improvisation which crescendoed with the textured audience choir. I have great admiration for artists that sing in foreign tongues and do not shy away from a challenge, and Collier showed his characteristic adventurousness with his powerful Spanish song ‘Mi Corazon’, which delighted with its delicious head-bop chorus.

Importantly, Collier paid homage to the 1965 John Coltrane album A Supreme Love, after which the festival is named, that spirited jazz into uncharted territory. “Music has the power to get people to come together and wiggle about,” Collier exclaimed, and in accordance we wiggled in wonder. 

Whether we were seeing Collier for the first or tenth time, his exuberant, infectious energy was undoubtedly palpable from the beginning to the final note. He switched between the piano, guitars, bass, drums, and harmonizer with absolute ease, and punctuated his singing with high leg kicks. The immersive, sonic landscapes were further amplified by the gorgeous natural set design, depicting starlit woodlands and colourful backdrops of trees. 

During past shows, Collier has brought on surprise guests to perform duets with him, and I could not help but anticipate a similar surprise. Perhaps due to time constraints, this was not the case at Glynde. It would have been electrifying had musical titan Nile Rodgers (who had bewitched the audience on Sunday), shared the Love Supreme stage with Collier. The two combined would have been a musical phenomenon, but it was not to be. 

Nevertheless, we were treated as a finisher to an encore of the timeless ‘Somebody to Love’, which culminated in absolute choral euphoria. Collier signed off the night with a universal hand heart to the crowd. Yes, I mused, exhilarated after being dazzled by Collier’s musicianship: the message of music is love, indeed.

Trashing rules save face, not students

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Trashing is banned. But what does the banning achieve except pushing students further from the centre to more perilous waters?

Recently, Brasenose students were threatened with £150 fines from the University for trashing on the grounds of littering. The Oxford University ‘SMART’ guidance states that “Littering as a result of ‘trashing’ is illegal and will incur a £150 fine”. Fining students is a deterrent. But attempting to stamp out trashing with increased patrolling and irregular fines for littering will not succeed and only addresses part of the issue. 

It seems that the university isn’t trying to help students celebrate exams safely and limit environmental damage but to save their reputation against an arrogant Oxford tradition. But trashing doesn’t have to be obnoxious. It can be a carefully managed, safe, and fun way to cast off exams that comes at little cost to the environment and actually celebrates everything that is great about Oxford. 

The two problems with trashing are that it creates litter, and it’s dangerous. ‘Trashing’ is when students who have just finished exams gather near a water source. Their friends throw coloured powder, silly string, confetti and shaving foam on them. Sometimes students throw food like eggs, flour, and even beans and soup at their friends. They are often sprayed with alcohol like prosecco before jumping into the water in their subfusc. 

Bottles and all kinds of litter can be left. Powder can stain pavements and all the crap students are covered in is washed into the waterways. The University’s 2019 sustainability blog states that it costs “the University more than £25,000 each year” to clean up trashing debris. Moreover, trashing can be extremely dangerous. Crowds, alcohol, and inhibition near water can lead to fatalities. Last year, a Brasenose student died trashing in water at Port Meadow

This is exactly why fining is so dangerous. Trashing is fun and will continue to happen, with students finding new locations to celebrate in. They will be pushed away from the centre to more remote areas to jump in or to have a celebratory swim. 

There are ways to trash without littering: remove all packets and bottles; only use biodegradable materials; use products from EcoTrash, a business run out of Keble which creates biodegradable powders made from cornstarch which quickly dissolve; trash in a limited area and clear up. 

Stopping littering is important, but fining students seems like a surface level approach to save face for the University rather than ensure student safety. 

Students won’t be stopped from trashing and, in my view, they shouldn’t be. Trashing has a cathartic element that can be achieved at a limited cost to the environment. Exams are awful, and stopping students from following traditionally hard exams with traditionally exuberant fun seems to lack the wonderful balance between hard work and hard play that Oxford attempts to strike. The University’s ‘avoid fines’ advice in their SMART guidance states that “‘trashing’ isn’t an Oxford tradition, it’s anti-social behaviour”. I admit that trashing done badly is anti-social behaviour. But it is an Oxford tradition. The Daily Mail suggests that trashing started in the 1970s, making trashing older or as old as admitting women to study at Oxford. Anywhere else, 50 years is a long time. Celebrate the tradition and simultaneously tighten college communities by allowing students to trash safely, in colleges. 

This solution to the ‘trashing problem’ could be implemented very easily; it is already in practice at Jesus College and is being trialled at my college, Brasenose. Colleges could designate a spacious, less historic area away from the library with drainage, perhaps near the bikes or in a newer quad, where the colleges’ students can trash each other. This way, students’ safety can be monitored and littering can be contained. Buckets filled with water can be chucked over students and reused. Colleges could enforce policies on only biodegradable materials like those sold by EcoTrash being used, stopping waste by excluding food products. Perhaps college JCRs could even link with EcoTrash and have a trashing levy (a Mansfield JCR Treasurer’s review recommends the products to all JCRs), so biodegradable products are always available to students. 

The experience could be much safer for everyone. Looking away won’t solve the problem. Forcing something underground only makes it more dangerous. So, make it safer – make it integral to the college experience. 

It’s reasonable that students would want to celebrate their exams as people have done before them. It’s unfortunate that that tradition appears very similar to stereotypical images of rowdy, wasteful Oxford students with no consideration for the Town. The solution is easy, and it isn’t a fine that will push students further from water easily accessed by the emergency services. It’s organised trashing in college where college communities can celebrate their victories together. Because compromising student safety to save the University’s face? That’s trash. 

Billie Marten on growing, teenage regression, and her upcoming album Dog Eared

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“When people listen to your upcoming album Dog Eared, where should they imagine you writing the songs?”

Musician Billie Marten, on the other end of the Zoom call, looks around the room in which she is sitting. “The Glass was written right here…Most of them were written here actually, yellow makes me want to create. So they should imagine me in a yellow room.”

 In her house in Hackney, London, Billie was sitting in a yellow room. The contrast of her blonde hair with the yellow wall made her look like she was glowing. Born in Ripon in North Yorkshire, she first started singing and picked up the guitar when she was eight, but her career started when she was twelve and she got recorded for a local YouTube channel. Billie went and got recorded and when she was done, the two guys helping to record looked at each other and said “Well, what do we do this now?” They asked to manage her, but they were not really managers so soon afterwards, Billie says, “people from London caught me” and since then everything has flourished. Now twenty-five, with over 500 million downloads, four albums, and an upcoming fifth (Dog Eared to be released on July 18th 2025 via Fiction Records). It’s hard to not be in awe of Billie. 

People like Billie, who achieve such fame at a young age–a similar age to that of most Cherwell readers–always feel like distant idols. Billie is an idol of mine because of her ‘grown-into-herself-ness’ which she portrays and if you listen to her music it immediately comes through. One of my favorite songs ‘This is How we Move’ off of her 2023 album Drop Cherries has this refrain full of tenderness: 

“I got what I was asking for

And I dug myself right up

The earth was pouring on my brow

And I knew I was enough”

This kind of lyricism, steeped in life and softness, defines Billie’s sound not only as a musician but as a person. 

“When was the first time you took yourself seriously as an artist?” I asked.

Billie smiled softly, “Oh, ah, that’s still a work in progress. Identity is such a tricky subject, and I’m working on not taking myself as seriously as I have in the past. But with that comes more vulnerability. And, you know, self deprecation and things that aren’t necessarily helpful or attractive for an artist. I think everybody needs to take themselves a little bit seriously,  otherwise, you know, who’s going to believe in them? You have to believe in yourself. But pretty much my whole career I have written about this specific issue.” 

Drop Cherries she describes as “always the album I wanted to make from the beginning. I [just needed] enough experience and heart in order to make it.” Now with Dog Eared, it is in many ways an ode to this kind of aging process and developing heart, a sense of self, and how exhausting that is. The title itself is in reference to the dogearing of books, but also “to age and experience and how I feel sometimes, like I am so tired, and yet, I am 25 years old, you know, that’s bonkers. When something is dog-eared, it’s thumbed through, and it’s worn, you know, it’s lived a life. Sometimes I feel that way.” 

This is a feeling that is resonant for the way the pace of life often moves. I feel a kind of relief when she says that she, too, feels tired. It makes me feel less isolated in the process of what it means to grow up. However, there is some disconnect between Billie’s ‘worn-ness’ and my own. Billie is thirteen years into her music career; I am approaching the final year of university which feels like this uprooting of all the things I find comforting. Part of the awe of someone whose career started when they were younger is that they seem to be on this fast track through all the unknowns of growing up. 

“Do you ever feel like you either had to, or maybe, got to skip the phase where you figure out like what you’re doing with your life, like that kind of, you know, 21 year old life crisis. Or do you feel like you had that in a totally different way?”

“Definitely had some crises,” Billie says, “but there’s lots of things that I will have to return to later in life, like I didn’t study. I would love to do that, and I really wanted to, but I couldn’t, because I had a job.” 

Taking a brief pause she looks down at her lap, then back into the camera of her computer.

“Live in a different country. I mean, there’s nothing stopping me doing that, except I love London. But I imagine there’d be a sort of, maybe late 30s, early 40s, teenage regression to just to just go back to being unsure.”

Billie feels no shame in saying that she may not do music for her whole life; “It’s my passion, and it is an important thing to me within my very soul. But I don’t know if I need to make it” 

“What is on the list of things for your teenage regression?”

A smile spreads across Billie’s face. “Be in some community that we have all signed up for at the same time, because I never did that. I was lonely at that time because I wasn’t going to uni and I wasn’t around people my own age to figure things out with. I wonder if there’s an undergraduate degree for 38 to 45 year olds. Also, I need to have some reckless love affairs. Definitely, definitely necessary. Gonna need to get my heart broken.”

“How many times would you say it has been broken so far?”

“Zero.”

“Zero?!”

“I’ve had people that have that have left, but my heart wasn’t theirs, so it has never broken in the clinical sense” 

I told my friend who is also a devoted fan that Billie said she never had her heart broken and astounded, my friend said: “But I’ve used all her music through all my breakups! There is no way she hasn’t gotten her heart broken.” True, the melancholic tenderness of Billie’s music makes it feel like a shelter for aching hearts; and yet, she is writing not from her own broken heart, but from the same emotional genre, which makes her words real and rooted in her own worn-ness of growing.

“I think a lot of fans have felt a lot of pain from themselves,” she says. “I’ve listened to people talk about that quite a lot, or how they find the music in a dark spot. There’s quite a lot of darkness that people hold when they come to see a show and my job is to make sure that they are held and seen, and to make sure that they know [the song] came from me, so this feeling, I have been there.” Pausing a moment, Billie settles on that thought.  “I wonder how they’re going to react to Dog Eared, since maybe that’d be less, but it’s important. It’s important to share both sides. You know, I’ve got to show them light.” 

Dog Eared, while it’s an ode to aging and developing heart, is imaginative. Most of the songs, even though written in her home, are not about her home, or even places she fully knows. “Which is just so freeing for me, because I don’t have to sing again and again about something quite dramatic or me being mean to myself.” In this way, Dog Eared is the ultimate ode to the worn-ness of aging because she embodies her aging as the potential to see things she could not have previously imagined. 

Billie held up a white CD disk to the camera with the words ‘As Long As’ written on the front in sharpie. This was one of her first EP’s. “I listened to this the other day, and I thought I sounded like a little blueberry.” She laughs lightly. “I thought I was so grown, but that’s just the thing about growing, it’s like trying on a pair of your dad’s jeans. One day you get into your dad’s jeans as a child [and they are huge], and one day they fit perfectly. When you’re a child, your dad’s jeans you imagine are the biggest, but there will always be a bigger pair of jeans somewhere.” 

Continually seeking out a bigger pair of jeans, where Billie goes next, whether it’s teenage regression, or heart break, it seems will push her forth on the quest of taking herself seriously as an artist, and being a growing human. Perhaps a better way of phrasing that is Billie, while she feels worn, and thumbed through, sees this feeling as a way of getting to know herself deeper and to move with that feeling is a way to reckon with all who she is to become. Taking these ‘seeds of knowledge’ from Billie, perhaps the unknown can be a beautiful thing. 

Towards the end of our interview, Billie’s cat Pip walked across her lap. Featured in the song ‘Crown’ off of Dog Eared, Billie stroked Pip and smiled. “Right out in my yard, that’s when I wrote those lyrics.”  

The cat sits in the shade

And I am not afraid of love

The cat sits in the shade

And I am not afraid”

Whatever comes next, however Billie continues to grow, there is no fear. No fear, –I have learned– is not to be confused with knowing exactly what comes next, but rather coming to embrace the search for a bigger pair of jeans. 

Dog Eared will be released on July 18th.

The Language Faculty is promoting intelligence, not artifice

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Isaac Asimov’s fantastic short story ‘The Last Question’ has always struck me as vaguely implausible, not because of its depictions of the next trillion-or-so years of human evolution and civilisation, nor because of its wonderful twist, but simply because of what the ‘last question’, the hardest problem for the story’s artificial intelligence to solve, is. Tritely put, I thought that the ‘last question’ would be that of the meaning of life. Interestingly, Asimov disagrees with me. The last question was a scientific one, rather than a more philosophical one, because the thought that the latter would be entirely outside of the purview of artificial intelligence. 

But current iterations of artificial intelligence are far from the masters of logic that Asimov imagined. ChatGPT can explain, in detail, how it is possible never to lose a game of noughts and crosses but, when asked to put this into practise, it plays with about as much skill as a toddler. What they are good at is usurping creativity and human thought with thoughtless knockoffs. This is an attack which should be resisted.

With this in mind, I admit to being baffled by reactions to the change in the format of finals examinations in modern languages. That the previous format of entirely open-book examinations is not practicable in the current age of artificial intelligence is obvious. There is, unfortunately, nothing stopping a student struggling in an exam from loading up ChatGPT and using it to plan or write an essay. Software which purports to detect AI-generated writing churns out far too many false positives to be reliable. And the academic arms race promoted by examinations means that any come edge, no matter how unscrupulous, will be taken by some. To allow this to go on harms both those who cheat and those who do not. Those who choose to cheat, by shouldering their preferred large language model with as much work as they can, surrender their thoughts to the mindless convulsions of an algorithm; they fail to develop the essential skills which a degree is supposed to foster. Those who choose not to will be at an undeniable disadvantage; their grades will suffer. 

This raises an obvious question. If artificial intelligence really would improve people’s performance, should we not be teaching and encouraging students to use it in a productive manner? Plausibly. As long as one is not outsourcing one’s own thoughts to an artificial intelligence I see no real argument against its use, though, given its tendency to be confidently wrong, I have little faith in its research skills.

 When it comes time for exams, however, the options on the table are closed book or open book. One protects essential and important skills whilst, admittedly, underpreparing students or the age of artificial intelligence. The other allows students to ignore and underdevelop these essential skills in favour of short-term gains in their marks. People who argue that this decision fails properly to prepare students for the future overlook the timeless skills that it is designed to protect and take their rightful place at the front of the queue of people ready to be replaced by computers. They are, as Milan Kundera put it, the allies of their own gravediggers. 

I assume that, in many cases, the reactions are rationalised rather than rational. It is frustrating to get half, or three quarters, of the way through your degree only then to discover that you will not be able to flick your way through your notes if you forget a source or a quotation in the exam – or to learn that you are going to have to reacquaint yourself with the technology of a bygone era: the pen. The problem comes when such frustration is reimagined to be what it is not: a genuine critique of closed book exams. That in-person exams prioritise ‘outdated’ skills like memorisation is obviously a weak argument. 

Memorisation is not outdated but nor is it the most important skill being protected by in- person exams. To risk sounding like an egghead, this is a strawman. I assume that what is secretly being said is ‘memorising material is such an unnecessary drag’. I sympathise. But this is not a principled stance and it should not be allowed to masquerade as one.  

Tiny Love Stories

I gazed at the mountains encircling my mother’s hometown. I had been travelling in China for a month, constantly apologising for my broken Chinese. My mum once told me how as a child she would walk amongst those mountains after school, secretly gathering plants to feed the family chickens.

Twenty years later she departed these mountains for England, and another twenty years later, I was in her hometown whilst she was in mine. That night, her child who couldn’t fully understand her, and whom she couldn’t fully understand, dreamt in Chinese for the first time, nestled between the mountains.

Luke, Merton


At twelve years of age we held hands, and you joked that it made you nervous. I laughed it off, and only understood when I received your letter years later. “I cannot have you”, you wrote as your father was arranging your marriage and you were arranging your escape. You know better than anyone that the distance between family and love was a no man’s land. 

In June when they flew the rainbow outside, I thought of you. For better or worse I am lucky to know you, and all the things you cannot speak aloud.

Anonymous


After he left England we became summer — or, winter — friends, because that’s when the holidays are. When we meet, we’d forensically trace the shadows of our past selves that once said, ‘I’ll see you when I see you’.

But as time passed, we were just summer friends, and then we were just… friends. What he doesn’t know is that he’s never just a season — he occupied every bookshelf, road sign, and country path. So, when I sent him my notes on ‘The Bight’ by Elizabeth Bishop, what I really meant was, ‘I love you, awfully but cheerfully’.

Jennifer, St Hilda’s


Life in Punjab speaks of hurried crossings, lost homes, and stubborn hope. I found eerie echoes of these in the pinds (villages) I visited and the jameen (land) I walked on. Punjab’s fields are fertile not just with khanak (wheat), but with the memories of migrations, battles, prayers, and dreams.

My time in Punjab taught me that history is more than just academics. It is sung, remembered, and lived in the present. Most importantly, it is carried in the memories of our families, and in the soil beneath our feet. Uthe meri pyaar – there is my love. 

Hannah, Hertford


I started rowing not for athletics but for aesthetics. On the river I loved watching the playful water birds, lavender sunrise, and, once, quiet snowfall. Sports, to me, was coloured by the ‘jock vs nerd’ dynamics of high school where they cheered on the American football team, and I was the quiet girl with a book. But at Summer Eights they cheered us on even as we lost. Maybe it’s because we all are nerds at Oxford, or maybe, because sports can be something more. I row for the matching ribbons in our hair and the synchronicity of our teamwork.

Selina, Corpus


Love is a weaving tapestry of sound: red stitched on black, a voice soft as silk. Songstresses, eternal angels, Ishtar and Chang’e incarnate, billions of souls beating as two. Led by the moon, by jasmines of the night, they dance through my wakeful dreams: Fairuz and Teresa Teng. Voices of generations, ballads of divas echoing across the Silk Road, awakening the glint of youth in sage eyes, who have lived a thousand lives. In China and Lebanon, in shisha cafes and karaoke bars, melodies worlds apart seem, for just an instant, to yearn for the same love. I flow in that lyrical ebb. I am awash in that love.

Rafal, Merton

‘Pour summer in a glass’: retracing Dandelion Wine

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“You did not hear them coming. You hardly heard them go. The grass bent down, sprang up again. They passed like cloud shadows downhill … the boys of summer, running.”

—Ray Bradbury, Dandelion Wine

In the final days of March, a week so warm it murmurs the promise of summer, I fall in love with who I used to be. 

The morning sunlight that creeps along my desk as I fill a pencilled sketch with blooming pockets of colour. My grandmother wielding a long stick of bamboo to chase magpies away from our garden’s jujube tree. The sweet, clammy air after rain; mould caked into the pavement’s half-moon furrows during the humid hours. The silk of bedcovers against my ankles, the smell of my shirt fresh from the laundry. Picnics on the wildflower lawn, with pork-buns and fat slices of apple already beginning to yellow. Cold milk in a cardboard box the size of my fist. The low song of cicadas. I remember, now, that happiness is the shape of contrails in the rust of a dusky sky. I remember the long, languid days, the liquid blue eddying amongst the clouds clear enough to swim through. 

Reading Ray Bradbury’s Dandelion Wine is like falling in love: with sensations, with noise, with wisps of memory. I remember how, to an eight-year-old at the beginning of July, summer is eternity. 

I grew up in Shanghai, where the mosquitoes bite tenaciously and summer soaks itself in drizzles and monsoons. We lived right alongside Century Park, on the subway Line 7. Things that I now consider integral to myself were not yet shaped. Back then, the English language wasn’t even mine. (These days I can wield it gracefully enough. Like using a pocketknife to peel the skins of apples.) Many things that were mine back then—Saturday trips to the DVD store, the trampoline in the garden, house No. 36 on Huamu Road—are mine no longer. 

Set in Green Town, Illinois, the literary ghost of Bradbury’s hometown Waukegan, Dandelion Wine does not follow a linear narrative. Absolved of a fixed synopsis, it is a collection of musings, snapshots, anecdotes, and visions, narrated in turn by brothers Douglas and Tom Spaulding. Bradbury’s writing is nostalgia personified. Memoir or fiction or a tantalizing mixture of both, this collection of offhand occurrences hypnotizes. Wading my way through the novel is like being taken by the hand, half-dazed and blindfolded, barefoot on the grass, and being walked into wonderland: down the small-town streets, past the fox-grapes and strawberry fields, towards the darkness of the ravine. 

I’m no devotee to short stories. I like novels—lugging the same bulky paperback around on car-rides and trips to the mall, humid, lingering affairs intimate as marriages. I spent the coziest of teenage springs curled up on the sofa with Stephen King’s IT or Donna Tartt’s The Little Friend. I like chewing on the same pages week after week, staying with characters until I learn the patterns of their voices like knowing the whorls on my fingertips. I like assurance, repetition. 

With Dandelion Wine, however, Bradbury tricks me. He taunts me with visions of familiarity in the strange. He teases visions of tenderness in transiency. The cardinal rules of how plot functions abandon you. You can’t seem to remember what they are. Here, in the fields of Illinois, in a small town as ordinary as it is mesmerizing, an invisible eye lifts its lazy lid. Its gaze follows an abundant cast through different seasons of their lives. We drift through the heads of Mrs Bentley who has never been young, Colonel Freeleigh whose mind contains a time machine; Mr Tridden and his hustling trolley, Mr Jonas and his castaway junk. Elmira Brown and Clara Goodwater turn female town-politics into a rabble of witchcraft. I laugh with Great-Grandma Spaulding’s vulgarity and snark as she finds beauty in life and peace in death. Helen Loomis and Bill Forrester catch sparks over peculiar flavors of ice-cream, realizing that their extraordinary affection for each other—alternatively romantic and platonic, excruciatingly human—is certain to thread them together across lifetimes. I fall in love with Lavinia Nebbs, whose bravado powers her through a face-off against the Lonely One, a serial murderer whose loneliness turns out to be ordinary. Above all, the town is most intimately tied to Douglas Spaulding: an eight-year-old narrator who realizes, over the span of July and August, that forever lasts only as long as a season. I have never stepped foot in the American Midwest, but I left the novel feeling as if the town was mine. 

As a writer, Bradbury is cursed with an idyllic sense of freedom. His mellow, meandering voice runs through a disjointed patchwork of stories like a little brook. He has no schedule. He bows to no path. He follows the vague charter of clouds, pausing here to dig his fingers into the soil, there to tuck a wildflower behind one ear. In his warmth, I become a child again. I follow his footsteps where scattered thoughts take precedence over structure and synopsis. Images spin into view one after the other, a lazy kaleidoscope of sights and thoughts pulled out of memory. Bradbury trusts his readers to follow him into the wild, into the dreams. In his stead, I have been admitted into the boldest of confidences. My imagination cannot be contained, he tells us. Neither can yours. 

Memory is inseparable from smell and taste. Bradbury’s storytelling is grounded in a desire to capture sensations: aromas, flavors, textures. Douglas’s sense of home is gastronomic. Nothing, of course, is quite so precious as the tastes of one’s childhood meals. In this vein, Grandma Spaulding’s cooking habits conjure otherworldly flavors. The fantasy of this setting equates acts of cooking with forms of enchantment. The magical realism of his writing comes from associating the familiar, the domestic, with hints of the mystic. In the tenderness of memory, engagements with separate temporalities are expressed through fantasies of ingestion: hold summer in your hand, pour summer in a glass… the smallest tingling sip, for children; change the season in your veins by raising the glass to lip and tilting summer in. 

Like the dandelion wine Grandfather Spaulding brews on a fateful morning, Bradbury’s prose is poetry bottled up in sips, cool as balm on bitten skin, a patch of sunlight in the dark whose aftertaste is touched with longing. These little stories savor the griefs, acceptances, and desires that come with time. They carry us gently towards a recognition of life’s transience. 

Time is Bradbury’s permanent fixation. The fear of growing old struggles to be rationalized alongside an anticipation of maturity. Time is the old nemesis, the sensuous lover. More time is the currency for seduction and manipulation, its baleful beckoning explored at length in the nightmarish carnival Bradbury creates for Something Wicked This Way Comes. These characters are confounded by their conflicted desires to grow up yet stay young. Although Dandelion Wine depicts gentler aspects of Green Town, we are still haunted by time’s ruthless potential. We want more time as a child, to roll in the grass and breathe the sun. We want more time to keep death at bay, beyond the door. 

I remember those days, too. I remember the summers that never seemed to go anywhere. I remember the house so still at ripe noon that the searing-hot pavement outside the window seems to quiver in and out of existence. Yet unbeknownst to me, we were moving. I have gone. I have gone away. And I will never find my way back. 

Where would you like to go, Helen Loomis asks, what would you really like to do with your life? Bill Forrester answers: See Istanbul, Port Said, Nairobi, Budapest. Write a book. Smoke too many cigarettes. Fall off a cliff but get caught in a tree halfway down. Get shot at a few times in a dark alley on a Moroccan midnight. Love a beautiful woman. If Bradbury is an author of fantasy, his ideas are not only fantastical in the supernatural sense. He articulates fantasies of miscellaneous experience, of living. We want to cling to what’s familiar. We want to live beyond the ordinary. We want to be coddled and filled with awe. We want to never lose, never grieve. We long for dreams in the afternoon and adventures way past midnight. We want more time. These are stories that love living, that anticipate living. These are stories about people who want so badly to start living they forget that they are already alive. To be swept up in the enormity of life’s currents is frightening, transcending, just as Douglas reminds himself: I want to feel all there is to feel. Let me feel tired, now. I mustn’t forget, I’m alive, I’m alive. 

To grow up is to acknowledge your own mortality. 

And so I look up from my pages, blinking, the ghost of cicadas in the distance, half-breathless with laughter. Because that happened to me. The summer of 1928 was mine. In reading, I feel as if I recall a childhood that never was. Douglas Spaulding’s euphoria was my own, but not my own. I remember the soaring life in the bouncing soles of brand-new trainers; running around the street-corner for an evening ice-cream; catching fireflies in Mason jars to read and write at night; the ghoulish joy that comes from fearing a local myth, a rumored monster. Dandelion Wine is what we all went through: losing a friend, and learning for the first time what distance means, what loss means, and what forever means; losing a childhood attraction, like the trolley that rides through your town, and realizing that what is permanent is not and never would be permanent. Feeling as if the summer would never end at the hot, glorious beginning of July. Understanding what it means to be alive, in the earthen scent of the grass. Understanding that, someday, you will die. 

I remember every crack, every fissure, that brought me up the path to the house that was once mine. My childhood was Edenic, just like his. I was clueless, then. But I was wiser than I will ever be. I was so alive that the world shivered at my fingertips. I may never be so alive again. 

Mine, I think. My life laid before me like a tapestry. I reach out and twist it, marking a fistful of silk with my fingernails. Mine. 

Forever, whatever it means, is still mine. 

To recall childhood is to love a place, a person, of no return. It is strange and mesmerizing. It is as wonderful as a fever dream. Bradbury does everything – puts to words the feelings that I never could express, gives life to aches and pains, laughs and joys, the small bumps and chinks that turn the wheel of mortality. Dandelion Wine is the summer that makes up for all the summers of one’s youth that came and never ended. It is the murky firelight of happiness and grief stirred by the childhood that would never come. Dandelion Wine is the taste in the mouth of my little self: the smell of grass, a tinkling laugh on a sidewalk, a summer sky. 

Dandelion wine. Dandelion wine. Dandelion wine.

Students frustrated over filming at Brasenose College during exam season

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Students at Brasenose College expressed their frustration last week after scenes for a forthcoming sequel to My Fault: London were shot on the College’s grounds. At the time of filming some students were still sitting their preliminary exams.

Filming began on Monday 23rd June, with production crews descending on key locations, including the Old Quad, Porters’ Lodge, and Brasenose Hall. 

The film crew occupied the College on Tuesday 24th June, with the Hall closed for filming between 7.30am and 11.30am. As a result, the College’s breakfast service was reduced to takeaway only. Several staircases and public access routes were affected, causing what one student described as “a surreal and noisy detour” on the way to the library.

Thursday brought further disruption, with the College’s library closed between 7am and 8.30am. Compounding the disruption was a 120-student Literature Study Day scheduled at the same time – which saw students, extras, and visitors gathered on Old Quad, something normally forbidden. Scenes filmed in Deer Park and New Quad also led to intermittent delays.

One first-year student told Cherwell: “I had an exam on Thursday, and I couldn’t revise in the library that morning,” whilst another added: “It’s hard to understand why it had to happen during ninth week. For some of us, this is the most stressful time of the year.”

Students were informed about the filming in advance through an email from Brasenose’s Domestic Bursar. The Bursar stressed that “we [the College] are very conscious that this is still term time and some students still have exams”, thanking those members of the College “who have helped us plan this disruption in a way that minimises the impact on our students”.

Despite College’s attempts to minimise disruption, several students expressed their frustration to Cherwell, with one noting that the filming “does raise important questions about the values of College: Does it care about its students, or is it only about making as much money as possible? 

“When you can’t even talk without being shushed in a space that is meant to feel like your own, in the middle of one of the most stressful periods of your life, it really makes you question what College’s priorities are.”

The College Bursar told Cherwell that “the College always seeks to balance the need to generate income with the College’s primary academic purpose … We undertook an impact assessment within college before we agreed to the filming and decided we could accommodate it. 

“Despite this planning, we underestimated the impact of the filming. We apologise to the members of College affected, particularly to students with exams at that time. As always, we are reviewing this event to understand any lessons for the future.”

The film, a sequel to a popular Amazon Prime film exploring a taboo romance between two step-siblings, is believed to feature scenes set in Oxford to capture the female protagonist’s university years. 

This is not the first time in recent history that Brasenose has hosted filming crews. The College has featured in several titles including Emerald Fennell’s black comedy thriller Saltburn in 2023.

Hertford College faces student criticism for limiting display of Pride flag

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Hertford College is facing backlash from students following a request that the Middle Common Room (MCR) removes a Pride flag from its window. Students have also criticised the College’s limited display of the LGBTQ+ flag above Hertford this Pride month, flying it for only two days to mark Oxford’s Pride parade on 7th June.

Speaking to Cherwell, the College’s MCR President said that the flag was raised in the common room “to show solidarity and commitment to its student community”, who felt let down by the College after it failed to consistently fly the Pride flag. She added that: “As MCR President, I was emailed on Friday 20th June 2025, a couple of days after the flag was first displayed, and asked to take the flag down on the basis of a purported policy.”

In response to the College’s request, the MCR President asked for a copy of the policy. But to the President’s “tremendous disappointment” no such copy was provided.

Hertford explained to Cherwell that staff requested the flag be removed from the MCR’s window because of a “long-standing principle that no flags (or indeed any form of advertisements, signage, temporary lighting, or similar) should be mounted over windows, or in public / shared areas”.

The College’s student common rooms have both voted in favour of revising Hertford’s policy to encourage the College to fly the Pride flag — with the Junior Common Room (JCR) motion receiving 100% support to further petition the College. However, Hertford has refused to update the policy until it can be brought before the College’s Equity, Inclusion and Diversity Committee – which is yet to be formally established.

The MCR President added that “Hertford’s behaviour came as a surprise to us, who were under the impression … that Hertford has a long-standing socially progressive tradition. What are we as the Hertford student community to take from this? Hertford is progressive no more.”

Hertford’s Interim Principal, Professor Pat Roche, told Cherwell: “The College did fly the Pride flag during the Oxford Pride weekend, only taking it down when the flagpole had to be removed to allow a crane to be installed for ongoing building works. The College has not prevented the MCR having a flag in its common room. Indeed, the College even offered to assist with mounting it securely”

He added that “the College receives a lot of input regarding our policies and we will be reviewing many of them in the coming months. Hertford remains progressive and inclusive.”
A spokesperson from the University of Oxford emphasised the University’s “commitment to an inclusive community”. They continued: “Oxford is a place where every student should be safe, welcomed and be able to thrive, whatever their background. We are committed to ensuring our University community is one in which the rights and dignity of all our students and staff are respected.”

Why Is Education Important and How Does It Affect One’s Future?

Education plays a defining role in shaping individuals and entire societies. From the earliest lessons in school to advanced academic research, it builds the foundation for careers, decision-making, and personal growth. With rising academic pressure, some students look for support options, including services that let them pay for research paper help. Yet before diving into degrees and deadlines, it’s important to ask a basic question: what is education, and why does it matter so much?

Why Do We Learn?

We learn to understand the world, make informed choices, and improve the quality of our lives. Learning helps us solve problems, communicate effectively, and build relationships across different cultures and communities. At a personal level, it fosters self-awareness and resilience. At a societal level, it drives innovation and cooperation. We learn because we are constantly adapting — whether to new technologies, changing job markets, or evolving ideas. Education gives structure to that learning, guiding us to apply what we know in ways that create value and meaning. Beyond this, the process of learning itself trains the mind to think with clarity, question assumptions, and pursue new ideas without fear. It teaches discipline through repetition and creativity through exploration.

What Is Higher Education?

Higher education typically means learning that takes place at the college or university level after completing secondary school. This stage includes undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral programs. Higher education provides specialised knowledge in chosen fields, develops independent research skills, and helps students become competitive in the global job market. It’s often considered essential for leadership roles and professional careers.

In addition to academic instruction, institutions at this level foster cultural awareness, innovation, and critical dialogue. Students may participate in internships, research projects, or international exchanges that build both confidence and experience. These opportunities often influence long-term goals, social networks, and even personal identity. Access to higher education often determines how widely a person can contribute to their chosen industry or community.

What Is Special Education?

Special education refers to instruction designed to meet the unique needs of students with disabilities or learning challenges. It includes a range of services, such as adapted teaching methods, individualised plans, and extra support inside or outside the classroom. Special education promotes equality by ensuring every student has the tools to succeed, no matter their challenges.

Effective special education recognises each learner as an individual with different abilities, goals, and methods of engagement. For some, progress may be measured through communication improvements; for others, through task completion or social integration. Educators and specialists in this field often collaborate with families, psychologists, and health professionals to build holistic learning plans. This kind of support not only improves academic performance but also enhances students’ self-worth and emotional resilience.

What Is Classical Education?

Classical education is a traditional approach that focuses on the liberal arts, especially grammar, logic, and rhetoric. It emphasises timeless texts, reasoned argument, and structured thinking. Classical education aims to form not only knowledgeable students but also virtuous citizens with strong character and discipline.

A classical curriculum typically focuses on primary sources, encouraging students to engage with original works rather than summaries or interpretations. Through repetition, memorisation, and analysis, learners develop a clear understanding of language, thought, and persuasion. Advocates of this method believe it cultivates moral judgment, civic responsibility, and intellectual clarity — qualities often overlooked in fast-paced modern education systems.

What Is Tertiary Education?

Tertiary education covers all academic and vocational training that follows secondary school. This includes universities, community colleges, trade schools, and technical institutes. Tertiary education gives learners a deeper understanding of specific career paths and provides qualifications that lead to higher earning potential and job stability. It plays a vital role in building a skilled workforce.

In practice, this level of education serves many different types of students — from first-generation college-goers to mid-career professionals seeking retraining. Vocational programs, for example, offer targeted preparation for jobs in healthcare, technology, and skilled trades. These programs are often shorter and more affordable than traditional academic degrees, making them accessible to more people. Whether theoretical or practical, tertiary education shapes the kind of labor market a country will support in the future.

How Education Influences Everyday Choices

Education doesn’t just prepare people for exams or employment — it directly influences everyday decision-making. Whether someone is reviewing a contract, managing a budget, or voting in an election, their ability to understand complex information matters. A well-rounded education helps people weigh options, avoid misinformation, and take actions that reflect thoughtful judgment. This empowers individuals to navigate challenges in both their personal and professional lives with confidence.

Even habits such as time management, problem-solving, and digital safety often stem from early lessons absorbed in school. When people are given tools to think clearly and act responsibly, their choices tend to produce better outcomes — not only for themselves, but for their families and communities as well.

Learning Beyond the Classroom

Much of what we learn happens outside formal education systems. Mentors, travel, reading, volunteering, and real-world problem-solving all contribute to personal growth. Informal learning builds social intelligence, emotional awareness, and practical life skills that traditional schooling may not always address. Recognising the value of these experiences reinforces the idea that education is a continuous process, not confined to any single stage of life.

In fact, many people discover their interests and strengths through unstructured learning. Experiences like building something from scratch, leading a team, or adapting to a new culture often teach more than any textbook could. When individuals pursue curiosity without the pressure of evaluation, they often develop creativity and initiative — both essential qualities in modern life.

The Role of Educators and Mentors

Teachers, advisors, and mentors have a lasting impact on how people learn and grow. Their influence goes beyond textbooks, often shaping students’ self-esteem, curiosity, and motivation. A supportive educator can turn uncertainty into confidence and help learners find direction in difficult moments. This human element of education often makes the difference between memorising facts and gaining genuine understanding. Building strong learning relationships encourages long-term growth and fosters a deeper connection to knowledge.

Whether in formal institutions or informal settings, mentors guide people toward their goals by offering insight, accountability, and encouragement. Many successful individuals credit their progress not only to personal effort but to someone who believed in them along the way. That belief, when expressed through thoughtful teaching, can change lives.

Conclusion

Learning is a lifelong pursuit that reaches far beyond classrooms and textbooks. It shapes how we think, how we relate to others, and how we respond to the world around us. The forms it takes may vary, but the outcome is often the same: greater awareness, stronger decision-making, and a clearer sense of purpose. As individuals grow through different stages of study, they gain not only skills, but the confidence to use them. In the end, investing in learning is investing in the kind of life one hopes to build — informed, capable, and ready to contribute.