Wednesday 23rd July 2025
Blog Page 440

Veraneio

Flavia Velasquez Cotini
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Veraneio

Veraneio (translated from Portuguese): the act of spending the summer holidays in a pleasant location, different to the usual, generally close to the sea.

Raised in the endless, relentless summer of tropical living, snapshots of summer swamp my memories of childhood – beachside days, aching sunburns, blond locks tainted unflatteringly green by chlorinated pools.

It is not about a perfectly radiant sun, nor the fragile equilibrium of heatwaves soothingly diluted by the sea breeze, nor beaches worthy of glossy postcards. Above all else, summer is condensed within a few distinct sensations.  

Nothing quite summons the mind back to such afternoons like the slippery scent of SPF 100 clogging the wind. A stifling summer afternoon existed only if bogged down by overly sunblocked bodies moving through dense air as if through syrup. A single greasy waft revives the string of summers past.

Your over-eager legs dip into the pool. Swirls of sunblock melt away from your skin as if it is dissolving into the water, and the distinct scent of sunscreen blends into a thicker soup of odours. The vague sting of chlorine in children’s eyes insists upon the pool’s cleanliness, but it cannot erase the traces of toddler’s urine in the water – it cannot block the rest of your messy sensations.

There is a saltiness you discern almost like a taste on your tongue. Perhaps it is the brine carried by the sea breeze? Perhaps it is the gallons of sea water flooding your lungs after your last ocean dip?

Perhaps it is all the sweat? Yours, stinging little scratches and cuts you didn’t know you had. Others’, blended into the sunblock running off their skin into the cloudy pool-water. The sunblock which at this point everyone’s skin seems to secrete. Never mind. The child only tastes the saltiness – its origin is ignored for the sake of the summer afternoon.

The pink viscosity of a kid’s ice cream drips into the pool unnoticed. Drops of artificial strawberry stain the water’s vague greenness and then disappear. The kid gives it a single lick and before another can follow it, the popsicle has dissolved into a sticky candy coat on his hands. Never mind. The kid dips the dirty arm into the water, gets rid of his problem, makes it everyone else’s.

There is always the fried fish. The revolting yet enticing smell of frizzling oil. If you turn your head in the right direction it breaks on you like a wave. Once again, salty. You can taste the satisfying crunch it will make when you bite into it. 

And the sand. Grating against your yielding skin when the tide launches you back against the shore. Entangled in your sun-stained hair. Wedged uncomfortably under your nails. Finding its way into places it should not. Occasional splintered seashells puncture your little soft feet and every time you walk into the ocean the seawater does you the unwarranted favour of sharply disinfecting the wound.

The damp afternoon deepens into evening and you are finally ready to go home, knotted hair, sticky skin, sunburnt shoulders peeling away along with the tip of your nose. Satisfyingly exhausted.  

My father’s retirement dream has always consisted of endless summer. Chasing the searing season, dodging the barrenness of winters to come. His sun-wary complexion and loyalty to the beach’s single quadrangle of shade suggest it is not the blazing sun that entices him. I dare say he misses the clammy summer afternoons of our childhood. The messiness. The salt. 

Illustration by Sasha LaCômbe

University College’s expansion approved by Oxford City Council

Isabella Colletta
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University College’s expansion approved by Oxford City Council

University College’s proposal to build 150 student rooms in Banbury Road has been granted planning permission by Oxford City Council, the college has confirmed.

The development, named Univ North, has been proposed as the largest expansion of University College in three centuries. Univ North will embrace newly bought structures alongside accommodation already owned by the college on Staverton Road. The College has bought two acres of land in North Oxford to allow the project to go ahead.

The new site plans to expand the College’s student accommodation, providing approximately 150 new rooms and flats for undergraduates, postgraduates, and Fellows. Plans for the development also include a nursery for college staff use, a student cafe, a gym, study rooms, and a common space for College events.

Sir Ivor Crewe, Master of University College, commented on the City Council resolution: “We are delighted that the City Council has resolved to grant planning permission for Univ North.

“This represents a momentous opportunity for the College to accommodate and support future generations of students and academics. There is much to do and we look forward to constructive engagement with the local residents, during the build and in operation, in the spirit of good neighbourliness.”

Designed by architect Níall McLaughlin and landscape architect Kim Wilkie, the Univ North project plans to include ecology and conservation into its development. A proposed habitat management policy aims to help the site contribute a 10 per cent increase in net biodiversity.

Lead architect, McLaughlin, described the plans for the project, saying “The proposals will create a new Univ community that complements its High Street site, within a rich variety of shared landscapes.

“The designs respect and enhance the character of the Conservation Area, and sustainability has been a consideration throughout. We are delighted to be working with the College and the team, and look forward to guiding the project to fruition.”

Informal consultations with residents of the North Oxford area were held last year. The planning application was met with concern about impact on the local area.

Image Credit to Bill Boaden. License: CC BY-SA 2.0

We must not forget our history – Pride was born out of protest

Audrey Black
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We must not forget our history – Pride was born out of protest

As the queer community and allies celebrate Pride this year, it is important to reflect on the history of the queer liberation movement. The face of queerness commonly seen in media is white, cis, and male, but the people at the forefront of the movement have historically been gender non-conforming people of colour. This is exemplified by the event which led to the creation of Pride as a month-long celebration of the LGBTQ+ community, the Stonewall Riots. Pride began as a protest against homophobia, transphobia, and police brutality.

In the 1960s, queerness and the appearance of queerness were illegal in the United States. The American Psychiatric Association believed homosexuality was a mental illness and it was listed as a disorder. Individuals were required to wear at least three articles of “gender-appropriate clothing” or they could be arrested. Queer people were forced to hide their relationships and their true selves under the threat of arrest and violence. There was no protection for LGBTQ+ people facing hate crimes— in fact, police officers were frequently the perpetrators of such crimes. 

In a system created to work against them, queer people created underground communities in which they could be themselves. They created traditions like the Sunday Tea Dances, a midday party on Sundays where queer people could dance and drink with each other. The few establishments which allowed them in were typically bars associated with organised crime, even though it was illegal at the time to serve LGBTQ+ people alcohol. One such bar was the Stonewall Inn, which was owned by the Mafia. The Stonewall Inn was known for allowing in the most marginalised people in the LGBTQ+ community: transgender people, sex workers, ‘butch’ lesbians, drag queens, and homeless youth.

On June 28, 1969, the NYPD raided the Stonewall Inn. They attempted to arrest the attendees, acting aggressively and violently, especially towards the people of colour. The attendees mocked the officers with chants and songs. Members of the community who had not been at the bar that night began arriving in support and the crowd grew. When an officer began beating a handcuffed woman, identified by some as Stormé DeLarverie, she yelled, “Why don’t you guys do something?” It was at that point the agitated crowd erupted into action. The officers were pursuing bribes from the Mafia, so the bar patrons began throwing coins at them, then objects like bricks and bottles. This escalated into six days of continuous riots and protests. Prominent figures in the underground community, such as Sylvia Rivera, Marsha P. Johnson, Craig Rodwell, organised further protests and campaigns against police violence. These events are often cited as the beginning of the movement for LGBTQ+ rights.

A year later, on June 28, organisers commemorated these events with Christopher Street Liberation Day, named after the street the Stonewall Inn is located on. Activists marched through the streets of New York City in protest of the violence queer people faced at the hands of the police. This march was the first Gay Pride march in U.S. history. In the years following, Christopher Street Liberation Day spread to other cities and eventually other countries. It has become a tradition internationally to hold demonstrations for queer liberation in the summer. 

When celebrating Pride, queer people must remember our collective history. Pride would not exist without the leaders of the liberation movement, many of whom were queer people of colour and gender non-conforming. Celebration is an imperative aspect of Pride, as queer joy is inherently revolutionary. There is plenty of progress to celebrate, however, we cannot forget the injustices which queer people, particularly queer people of colour, continue to face. Pride is about protesting injustice and institutional violence.

Note: The author has included a number of educational resources, reports, and interviews with those who participated in the Stonewall Riots. These can be found as links throughout the article.

Illustration by Rachel Jung

Boswells to be converted into a boutique hotel

Izzy Tod
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Boswells to be converted into a boutique hotel

The iconic Oxford building that used to house Boswells department store is to be transformed into a new hotel and restaurant.

The family-run department store on the corner of Cornmarket Street and Broad Street closed its doors in March, and has been unable to reopen following the COVID-19 pandemic. Having started trading in 1738, Boswells was the second oldest family run department store in the world. 

Proposals for the new four-star boutique hotel have been released by Oxford City Council in partnership with London-based property investment company Reef Group. The company has worked collaboratively with OCC officers, Historic England, the Oxford Design Review Panel as well as Oxford residents. 

The plans include a restaurant and bar with a rooftop terrace for panoramic views of the city’s skyline. The lobby area will serve as a flexible workspace that is open to the public and at the centre of the building there will be a central atrium to harvest rainwater. 

According to the proposal, the development will “ensure that the building’s iconic frontage is preserved and enhanced. The 1920s exterior which faces onto Broad Street and the Cornmarket Street entrance will be cleaned and repaired, and its famous Boswell & Co signs will be retained.”

Ed Turner, deputy leader of Oxford City Council, called the plan “a real vote of confidence in Oxford city centre” and a “much-needed shot in the arm” for the tourism sector in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Hayley Beer-Gamage, chief executive of tourism organisation Experience Oxfordshire, said: “Having a development that is looking to enhance the landscape of the city whilst preserving the heritage of the building is an innovative approach to redeveloping and enhancing this site.”

At the public consultation on Wednesday 15th July, attendees queried the decision to build an expensive hotel on the site given the city’s ongoing housing crisis, suggesting instead that it be converted into affordable housing for Oxford residents.

Reef Group intends to submit a planning application for the hotel later this year.

Image credit to Jpbowen

Air pollution rises in Oxford for the first time since 2011

Amelia Wood
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Air pollution rises in Oxford for the first time since 2011

Oxford has seen its first increase in air pollution levels since 2011, according to a report published by Oxford City Council. The report attributes extreme weather as the reason for the rise.

Between 2018 and 2019, 71 air pollution monitoring locations reported that levels of toxic Nitrogen Dioxide gas (NO2) have increased by an average of 7.9%. For comparison, the increase was 6.9% in 2011. The report suggests that a “plateauing” of pollution levels, seen in recent years, would have continued were it not for extreme weather conditions in February, April and November of 2019.

In all three months, the city experienced unusually cold weather. Combined with high pressure, this created stable atmospheric conditions that made it harder for pollutants to disperse.

The lack of any significant increase in traffic and the fact that the increased pollution was measured across the whole of the city was deemed to rule out other possible explanations.

Across the 64 sites where NO2 was measured in both 2018 and 2019, 70% showed an increase in the levels of the toxic gas. Only 16% measured levels similar to the previous year and 9% had reduced levels of the gas.

Councillor Tom Hayes, the Deputy leader and Cabinet Member for Green Transport and Zero Carbon Oxford, said to Cherwell: “Unlike the smog from industrial chimneys and cigarette smoke, you can’t see the air pollution caused by fossil fuel vehicles. However, we can see the evidence of its impact in the ill health of residents exposed to polluted air. The poorest and most vulnerable are disproportionately affected by air pollution, and the Labour-led City Council is unwilling to accept that injustice.

“But for the three months of extreme weather conditions last year, we would have seen a continued plateauing of air quality levels. We’ve made progress in our efforts to achieve better air quality and a high quality of life with our Bus Low Emission Zone and other measures in recent years, but we need to take an even bigger leap forward with our Zero Emission Zone to restrict polluting vehicles in the city centre, temporary bus gates, and Connecting Oxford proposals to reduce car use.”

Hayes also asked for action from university students: “Reducing the numbers of vehicles on our roads (particularly those which are fossil fuel vehicles) and creating segregated cycle routes will be challenging and may be met with opposition. This City Council needs the support of student citizens of the city, so I encourage all who care about cleaner air, action to tackle climate breakdown, and social and economic justice, to be vocal with their Colleges and the University itself, calling on both to vocally and fully support the Council. I would also urge students to be vocal in contacting their city and county councillors directly and sharing support on social media That way we can see the full weight of support for action and help to truly achieve the cleanest possible air and climate for Oxford.”

Image credit to Tejvan Pettinger.

Oxford and Royal Horticultural Society pair up to make plant data more accessible

Abigail Howe
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Oxford and Royal Horticultural Society pair up to make plant data more accessible

The University of Oxford and the Royal Horticultural Society are undertaking a project together to make information about plants more accessible and available.

Any one cultivated plant can be known by many names. For example, Acer has over 1600 cultivars, with over 2000 different Latin names associated with them. This variety of names can create confusion.

In collaboration with Denis Filer and Andrew Liddell of Oxford University’s Department of Plant Sciences, the Royal Horticultural Society has begun to counter this confusion through their use of the BRAHMS database system. This software was originally developed over decades to deal with biodiversity research, taxonomic revision and natural history collection management. It has now been adjusted to manage the complexity of managing and displaying all the cultivated plant names typically encountered by gardeners.

Professor R. George Ratcliffe, Head of the Department of Plant Sciences, said: “The Department has nurtured the development of BRAHMS over many years and its adoption by the RHS is a wonderful endorsement of the power of the tool for managing botanical names and collection data.”

BRAHMS will rank the various names a plant has to determine which name should be used at various times, as well as supplying data to an enhanced RHS website.

Dr Philippa Christoforou, BRAHMS Licensing Lead at Oxford University Innovation, said: “Working with the RHS and applying BRAHMS as its database management system is great news for the gardening community. We are excited to share the new naming system with all BRAHMS users across the botanical world.”

Sian Tyrrell, RHS head of horticultural information, said: “This is an exciting time for horticultural information management at the RHS and with the support of colleagues at Oxford University’s Department of Plant Sciences, accessibility and usability of our plant data is coming to the fore.

“Our charity is driven by our desire to support our members and the wider gardening community. The investment put into this new system will greatly benefit everyone and ensure that gardening becomes more accessible and enjoyable.”

Professor Stephen Harris, Druce Curator of Oxford University Herbaria, said: “BRAHMS is the product of long-term commitment by the Department of Plant Sciences to releasing the research potential of the data contained in botanical collections. The adoption of this software by the RHS affirms BRAHMS’s significant role in the management, analysis and security of global botanical data.”

Image credit to Tejvan Pettinger.

Oxford scientists create rapid COVID-19 test

Mark Robins
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Oxford scientists create rapid COVID-19 test

University of Oxford scientists have developed a COVID-19 test which produces results within 30-45 minutes.

Oxford’s test will cost no more than £20, cheaper than those currently on the market, and will not require specialist training or equipment.

Developed by a new spinout company, Oxsed, the test is a simplified, one-step version of the viral RNA test. It generates a coloured result from a throat or nasal swab which can be read by the naked eye. Researchers say it can be used without additional tools or training.

Tests are also linked into a laboratory information system via Bluetooth so that results can be tracked. Researchers believe that it could be adapted for use in schools, airports, and for home self-testing.

The University has said the test could help combat the virus in developing countries: “Across the world, countries face the combined challenges of controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 while maintaining an economically productive workforce. Current testing relies on complex lab tests with supply chain issues arising from unprecedented demand; challenges of sample collection and turnaround time for results.

“Developing countries also suffer from a lack of testing labs and the financing of mass testing. Yet effective testing strategies are key for releasing countries from lockdown in a safe and sustainable way.”

Professor Zhanfeg Cui, Director of Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research (OSCAR), added: “Our test is ideal for use in community or field settings by lay persons and allows immediate decisions to be made.  

“Immediate applications are: returning to work/education (i.e. schools, universities, companies) and making quarantine decision (e.g. care homes, hospitals, temporary migrants, tourists). Use of such a test could be crucial to economic recovery globally.”

Oxford University Innovation (OUI) has supported the formation of Oxsed to develop the test. Oxsed aims to “commercialise and distribute technology jointly developed at Oxford University and OSCAR for detection of COVID-19.”

Dr Jane Lin, a Licensing and Venture Manager for OUI, said: “Speed of response is crucial in the current pandemic, and we are very pleased to have supported our researchers through the commercialisation process in just three months. Now that the social venture has been incorporated we look forward to seeing the technology deployed globally at scale, in particular in resource-poor developing countries.”

The test will be certified and released commercially soon. Researchers say they will publish their results in the near future.

University releases plans for remote teaching in Michaelmas

David Tritsch
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University releases plans for remote teaching in Michaelmas

The Oxford University Centre for Teaching and Learning (CTL) has released detailed plans for remote teaching in the 2020/21 academic year. Cherwell has summarised what you need to know about next year. The CTL plans are guidelines for tutors and in no way binding.

Continuing remote teaching for students who are unable to return to Oxford

The University has announced there will be “a strong focus on tutorials and other undergraduate and graduate small-group teaching (face to face wherever possible) alongside online alternatives for larger group teaching, lectures, and some exams.” The plans confirm that remote teaching will continue for students who are unable to return to Oxford next year. 

To facilitate a varied approach to teaching, the plans encourage supplementing small group teaching with recordings, summaries of the sessions, and making some resources available to students in advance.

Incorporating online tutorials survey feedback

Feedback from Trinity Term surveys has indicated that both students and tutors find online tutorials to be “more intense and tiring” and that getting through discussions often takes longer. The plan therefore recommends to tutors: “You may want to adapt what you plan to achieve in your tutorials, moving some activities online for completion before or after the tutorial (asynchronous), ensuring breaks if tutorials are long, or getting students to share their screen to show slides, text or visual material.”

The plans suggest “recording any live sessions and making them available on Canvas for students to review and for students who were unable to attend live sessions.”

Including online elements in small group teaching

The University advises teaching staff to “[use] a variety of activities such as think-pair-share, student presentations, structured debates and working together on a digital whiteboard, [to] help ensure all students are able to participate in a synchronous session even if it needs to be online.”

If remote students need to be included in a face to face class, the plans suggest pre-recording material and sending remote students notes in advance to allow them to follow even with a poor internet connection. Having face to face and remote students use the same tools such as SharePoint (for text) or OneNote (for images, equations and annotations) is highly recommended. The guidelines also advise tutors to assign remote students “buddies” to make their voices accessible to the teaching groups. 

Recording lectures and making them more interactive

The University guidance advises lecturers to record and share live streamed lectures. The CTL website states: “If you would like to give a live streamed lecture from your own computer you should ensure that these lectures are also recorded and shared with students, so that those who cannot attend the live streamed session can watch the lecture as soon as they are able.”

The website further notes that lecturers may have difficulties recording and engaging 50-minute online lecture. According to tutor recommendations, “producing shorter chunks of lectures on particular themes or concepts” can help make lectures more engaging.

Additional suggestions to make lectures more interactive include offering a Q&A session in the lecture or assigning additional time for students to submit questions. Answers to these could then be shared on Canvas or in an extra recording. 

Making laboratory teaching more flexible

As social distancing rules and PPE requirements may change, the CTL recommends adopting an approach to practicals that allows teaching staff to move between in-lab teaching and simulations with supplied data. 

The website suggests using instructional videos in either scenario as a “flexible and inclusive approach to learning practical skills.” These should be prepared in advance and shared before the practical or replace the practical if face to face teaching is not possible.

Adjusting DPhil and Masters supervision

In the case that public health requirements make research and data collection temporarily impossible, the CTL recommends switching to “tasks [that] can help develop analytical and writing skills that the student can apply once they can resume their research.” Students at the beginning of their research are encouraged to “develop other academic skills such as writing book reviews or synthesising conclusions from a collection of articles.”

The University website also suggests setting up online gatherings of research students to create a support network. Supervisors “might want to set up a journal club to bring postdocs and research students together.”

Image credit to David Iliff. License: CC BY-SA 3.0

Oxford Playhouse performed to empty audience

Matthew Schaffel
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Oxford Playhouse performed to empty audience

The Oxford Playhouse performed the play ‘A Theatre Near You’, with Jericho Comedy Club and Macrocosmic, to highlight their disapproval of the Government’s current regulations for theatres. The play was performed in the theatre to an empty auditorium and tickets were sold for access to an online stream. 

The Government’s current ruling has left theatres able to open, but without the ability to put on live performances. The show was aid of ‘The Playhouse Plays On’ appeal, aiming to help support the Oxford based theatre which is struggling financially after a 3 month closure. 

The show was introduced by Marcus Brigstocke, Stephen Fry appeared via video link, and the live line-up included talent such as Lucy Porter and Rachel Parris.

The show, written by Kevin Day from an original idea by Harry Househam, was directed by Oxford actor and director Simon Evans. Evans directed the BBC 1 show Staged, which has proved popular during the lockdown.

The show was live-streamed on Wednesday 8th July at 8pm, with tickets charged at £25 for each device or household and available up until 6pm.

Theatre director Louise Chantal told the Bicester Advertiser: “The COVID-19 crisis has affected every aspect of our lives, but for the thousands of artists, creatives, producers, technicians and venue staff who work in the performing arts, this closure could mark the end of their careers in the sector.

“Theatre, comedy, music and even panto are all under threat. The whole theatre industry is waiting on tenterhooks for a decision on extended government aid to mitigate the reduced capacities and nervous audiences to come. Many of our producing partners have cancelled tours, meaning we may have gaps in the programme for some time.”

The Oxford Playhouse’s website, in its advert for the show, also alludes to a similar scenario: “The COVID-19 crisis has affected every aspect of our lives, but for the thousands of artists, creatives, producers, technicians and venue staff who work in the performing arts, this closure could mark the end of their careers in the cultural sector. Theatre, comedy, music and even panto are all under threat (oh yes they are!).

“Following the announcement that ‘theatres can open on the 4 July, but without live performances’, all of us at the Playhouse got a bit cross. Then Jericho Comedy Club asked if we wanted to livestream a comedy gig with no audience to demonstrate how hard the government have made it for theatres to open without live audiences.”

The Government’s £1.57 billion support package for the arts industry meant the Playhouse recently received £150,000 from Arts Council England. 

Image credit to OxfordPlayhouse, CC BY-SA 3.0

Steel tycoon donates £3.5m to Oxford vaccine research

Rachel Hart
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Steel tycoon donates £3.5m to Oxford vaccine research

The University of Oxford has received a donation of £3.5 million from billionaire steel tycoon Lakshmi Mittal, to aid the development of a COVID-19 vaccine.

Mittal, the CEO of the largest steel company in the world, ArcelorMittal, is making an endowment for the post of professor of vaccinology in the Oxford Jenner Institute. The post will be known as the Lakshmi Mittal and Family Professorship of Vaccinology, in recognition of this support.

The University of Oxford is leading the race for the development of a coronavirus vaccine, with large scale human trials taking place the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Professor Adrian Hill is heading up this effort, and has previously stated he hoped that a vaccine would be viable for October.

Commenting on the donation, Mittal said: “This year has been a wake-up call to the world to be better prepared for pandemics, which, as we have all experienced, can cause massive social and economic disruption.

“After a fascinating conversation with Professor Hill, my family and I concluded that the work he and his team are doing is not only extraordinary but essential, not just for this current crisis but for other challenges we may face in the future.

“The importance of dedicated and ongoing research in this field cannot be overestimated and we are delighted to be supporting this vaccinology professorship at Oxford.”

Professor Gavin Screaton, Head of Oxford’s Medical Sciences Division, said: “We are enormously grateful to Lakshmi Mittal and his family for their incredibly generous support at this critical moment. By securing the future of this pivotal leadership post, the University can continue to deliver and grow its world-leading vaccine research and focus on pandemic preparedness.

“The results of this work will have a significant impact on people’s lives around the world and will enable humanity to respond with even greater speed to the next global pandemic. The progress of Oxford’s vaccine candidate for COVID-19, which is currently in human trials, underlines the vital contribution that Oxford is currently making to this field.”

The University of Oxford Development Office said: “Boosted by a further £1.75 million in matched funding from the University, the Mittal family’s gift has enabled the permanent endowment of the post. Not only will this allow Professor Hill to continue with his vital research, but will also help to ensure that Oxford remains at the forefront of vaccine development for generations to come.”

This is not the first time that Mittal has donated to medical pursuits. In 2008 the Mittals donated £15 million to the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London in order to partially fund the new Mittal Children’s Medical Centre. In 2014, ArcelorMittal was also a founding member of the Ebola Private Sector Mobilisation Group, which coordinated the private sector response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. This year, he made a donation of ₹100 crores to the PM CARES fund during the COVID-19 outbreak in India.

In 2005, Forbes ranked Mittal as the third-richest person in the world. As of 2016, the Sunday Times Rich List estimated his net worth at around £7.12 billion.

Image credit to D Wells

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