Saturday, May 24, 2025
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What is Beauty?

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“Oh, you are sick of self-love, Malvolio…”

The standards of beauty in the media are goalposts that are constantly being shifted by cultural currents in history. As Lizzo chirps about only shining when everybody else shines and Elle Woods slays Harvard and tackles the dumb blonde stereotype, everything seems to be coming up roses for healthier criteria in the modern day. Beyond this, however, the definition of beauty has had a life of its own over the centuries – and shifts in its classification are certainly not brand new. Let’s take a look at some historical examples and really get to brass tacks with beauty.

From the above dig at Twelfth Night’s peskiest antagonist, we can see that self-confidence, for instance, has a history of being associated with ugliness; leading us to automatically associate traits like pride, ambition and leadership with negative connotations. Even if Malvolio, the right scheming muppet, is not exactly a benevolent example of these traits, the flaming associations between the self-driven or the successful and unattractiveness are all-pervasive – particularly for women who fall under these headings.

If we look at attitudes in French literature of the nineteenth century, for example, women writers were ousted from literary circles as a ‘bas-bleu’ (bluestocking), becoming the subjects of a whole stream of comic strips depicting them as harridans who selfishly chose the pen over motherhood and wifedom. Looking at the illustration on the right in the image below, we see that the qualities of a self-sustaining, passionate writer are translated into unsightliness and maternal incapability when the writer is female. This has to be true, of course – a woman being beautiful, a mother, and a world-class intellectual at the same time? Maybe like a certain novelist living called Amantine Lucile Aurore Dupin who married, had two successful children, and under the male pseudonym George Sand penned Indiana, one of the most influential texts in the French literary canon? Never. Beauty and intelligence have both been done dirty for centuries by being made to appear mutually exclusive. 

That said, more modern backlash against this opinion is justly rife. Legally Blonde is a quintessential cinematic example of a woman’s gorgeousness existing both physically and mentally. If we look to contemporary examples, the female protagonists Jane and Xiomara Villanueva of satirical telenovela Jane the Virgin are headstrong, astute women with smitten admirers to boot. When Rafael (spoiler alert) feels a surge of inspiration to propose to Jane as he witnesses her waxing lyrical about her writing muse Angelique Harper, we see that show creators Perla Farías and Jennie Snyder Urman strive to display her desire for success as a writer as a key characteristic of her appeal. There are empowering nuances to this appeal as physical characteristics and self-love of the body are lauded in Jane the Virgin.

When the tear-jerking curveball of breast cancer is thrown at Xiomara, she faces a series of tests of her integrity that leave her questioning and redefining her value; one being the decision to have her breasts removed or not. Here, Urman brings out Xo’s beauty not from her physical traits, but from her love of them. Whilst pondering the double mastectomy she delivers powerful lines such as “I decided I love my boobs, and I don’t wanna get rid of them unless I have to!” and trusts greatly in ‘leading with her body’. Xo’s self-love is adored by her husband Rogelio, who responds that sexiness is not in physicality but “a state of mind”. He announces, whilst truly embracing the telenovela and giving a dramatic goodbye speech to Xo’s retiring boob after she decides to have only a single mastectomy, that “I will miss you, and I love you – but I love Xiomara more.” This critical piece of writing emphasises that beauty is born from the person within as Rogelio worships Xo for her perseverance and personality, with physicality being secondary in the relationship. The vivacity of female sexual desire is also a source of attractiveness and strength for Xo as she laments of a lower sex drive following chemo-induced menopause: “I don’t wanna have sex, and I love having sex!”. As Xo scrambles to re-engage with her body and sex life during cancer treatment, another plot-line develops as her journey to ‘get her groove back’ begins. This is not treated nonchalantly; here, we discover how beauty can also exist from a woman chasing her desires, sexual or not, without letting a major obstacle such as cancer obstruct her goal. Therefore, from Jane the Virgin we can observe that beauty stems from happiness, independence, and the overcoming of pain.

Despite the pleasing messages in JtV, other contributions to contemporary pop culture fall short of the overwhelming lean in favour of self-love. While artists such as Beyoncé champion female sexuality with hits such as ‘Partition’ and ‘Why Don’t You Love Me?’, the picture changes if we peek into the hip-hop charts of 2018, namely at ‘I Love It’ by Kanye West and Lil Pump, the sung hook of “You’re such a f*ckin’ ho, I love it” at first suggests an admiration of women who love sex. Yet, as the song progresses, Kanye’s spat verses go on to make derogatory comments on these women (of which, did I mention, there are just as many as men), metamorphosing the epithet ‘ho’ from something liberating to exactly what it was originally intended as – an insult. For instance, “Why you try to act like you was drinkin’ sparklin’ water ‘fore you came out here?” This socioeconomic jeer implies that this woman lacks class – the ‘sparklin’ water’ being used a symbol of this – and that she relies on ‘coming out here’ with Kanye to be able to access any of this. Therefore, Kanye and Lil Pump subtly suggest these women to be unattractively down-market. Kanye then tries to disassociate himself by labelling female sexuality as “that ho shit”, making it seem alien and unspeakable, and yet is still able to enjoy it when he needs a ‘quick f*ck’. So, the beauty standard that this type of music tries to set is modesty being a must; because some men, in the twenty-first century, are still afraid of women who have sex for themselves.

Overall, the idea of beauty, as defined by cultural representations, is being grappled at and torn from all angles, with countless artists trying to have their say and give an objective conclusion. That said, in mine and plenty others’ views, beauty is from within, and traits such as self-love, ambition, and sexuality serve only to enhance it.

Bigmouth Strikes Again: Morrissey’s Provocative Politics

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Morrissey has been cancelled. The Guardian asked the Mancunian crooner “what happened” on Twitter after his records were banned from Britain’s oldest record store. The reason? Not his persistent inability to sing, but his support for Anne Marie Walters’ far-right and anti-Islam For Britain party. Billie Bragg has said it is “beyond doubt” that Morrissey is spreading far-right ideas – and that he’s betrayed the anti-establishment legacy of The Smiths. We’re at the stage where a promotional poster for his latest album has been taken down in Merseyside after a public complaint. To many, the republican, anti-Thatcher, “meat is murder” icon of 80’s has descended in recent years into a racist bigot – so heaven knows his old fans have good reason to be  miserable now. 

But what’s really going on with Morrissey? Undoubtedly, For Britain are an awful, disgusting and unconscionable party. They’ve plenty of links to the BNP, and whatever one thinks of Islam, Walters’ clearly conflates the actions and beliefs of a very small minority of Muslims to the overwhelmingly tolerant and peaceful followers of a 1,500 year old faith, who are equally appalled by extremism. Such behaviour creates lasting tension, polarisation and a threatening climate for British Muslims. Their politics are vile, and it reflects terribly on Morrissey to be associated with them. My sneaking suspicion, however, is that being appalled is exactly how Morrissey wants us to be. Frankly (Mr Shankly) he thrives on it. Upsetting establishment pieties is what he’s made a career of. Backing For Britainis just the latest manifestation of this, no matter how disgusting the party is. 

What Morrissey is doing today shocks our sensibilities as earnest young liberals, but it’s the same shock our grandparents’ must have had at his anti-monarchism, hatred of Mrs Thatcher or even his hard-line commitment to vegetarianism. As Morrissey’s got older and younger and more left-wing voices have come to occupy the positions in the mainstream commentariat held by stuffy old Tories in his own day, the nature of his provocations has shifted. If commentators tend to be Remainers, to be critical of Israel, to find boorish English patriotism and opposition to immigration distasteful, professional provocateur Morrissey makes it his business to upset them. He is a staunch Brexiteer, writes pro-Israel songs, wraps himself in a Union Jack on stage and wears the pin of a hard-line anti-immigration party. Morrissey hasn’t changed, but the shibboleths he seeks to upset have.  

That doesn’t mean we can’t vigorously oppose everything that For Britain believes in and worry about the impact of Morrissey’s public support for such an awful party. After all, the man’s iconic. Should we agree with Billie Bragg and be scared he’s spreading far-right ideas? I’d hesitate. Not because I don’t loathe everything For Britain stand for – I do now, and will do until my dying day. It’s also not because, as much as I like “A New England”, I think Billie Bragg is an idiot, an apologist for Communism and a defender of anti-Semitism in the Labour party.  No, it’s because I think most people see Morrissey as a half-decent songwriter who happens to be a loon with a chip on his shoulder. His politics are Sixth Form: most won’t give his beliefs the slightest bit of sympathetic attention.  

Take my Dad, for instance. He loved The Smiths and Morrissey when he was my age. Being anti-establishment was his thing; a veritable Citizen Atkinson, he attended rallies with Jeremy Corbyn before it was cool. Has Morrissey had any lasting affect? Well, the fact he helps organize a street party for Royal Weddings, has a well-thumbed biography of Mrs Thatcher and counts a fry up as his favourite food suggests rather not. To him, Morrissey is an adolescent who never grew up, a teenage poseur who exists solely to get a raise out of anyone in a position of authority. To take him seriously would be a joke. Especially nowadays: a father who raised me to see racial intolerance as the vilest thing imaginable is not going to have his head turned just because his favourite singer from his teens has drifted off to the far-right. 

Interview: Frank Turner

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Diva is not a word you’d use to describe Frank Turner. With two books, seven albums, and approaching 2500 gigs under his belt (including the Olympic Opening Ceremony and a headline show at Wembley Arena) you could forgive him for being a little detached from reality. But this is simply not the case. When we first meet, I’m perched on a front row pew at St James’ Church, Piccadilly, and after cheerfully greeting all the staff he walks into the building to soundcheck. As he unpacks his guitar from its case and plugs it into the nearest speaker he takes the time to greet me and ask how I am, commenting that he’s a little tired, but enjoying the book tour he’s finishing that night. Indeed, this genuine friendliness extends to all aspects of his life: he’s known for personally writing lyrics for tattoos, frequently going for a pint with fans after shows, and answering every single email he gets – something that many artists much less established than him would never think to do. There’s a reason why he’s so beloved to fans globally, and this is it.

I start the interview by taking him right back to his childhood. To the surprise of a lot of people, the self-proclaimed ‘skinny half-arsed English country singer’ is actually an Etonian. He was sent there on a scholarship as a child, and continued his education right up until he left for London immediately after his last A level exam – he describes getting home, immediately packing a suitcase, and taking the next train (apparently his mother wasn’t pleased). Expensive boarding schools and punk rock do not usually go hand in hand, but Turner, although labelling private education as “fundamentally unjust” does see the divide he felt between himself and his peers as a major source of inspiration. 

“In retrospect wasn’t really fully cognised in what was going on when I got sent there. I remember taking an exam and being congratulated for passing it… and then suddenly I was at boarding school with people who I found socially quite different, shall we say. And then in the midst of that (which of course was combined with being an adolescent and being thirteen years old), was the moment that The Clash and The Black Flag and The Sex Pistols and NO-FX and all that landed in my life and y’know, punk rock definitely gave me a way of answering some questions that I had about the world, and therefore became my primary love in life. It’s kind of a boring counterfactual to say, ‘what would your life be like if you hadn’t been sent to that school?’ Would you love punk as much as you do? I don’t know.”

Yet although Turner professes his devotion to punk throughout our conversation, what genre his music actually fits into is harder to say. Beginning in post-hardcore punk band Million Dead, after their 2005 split he switched suddenly to a solo blend of folk and punk, predominantly on acoustic guitar, releasing classic albums Sleep Is for the Week (2007), Love Ire and Song (2008) and Poetry of The Deed (2009). The albums are beautiful, ranging from a triumphant and frantic celebration of life inspired by the passing of his friend Lex in Long Live the Queen, to a heart-breaking, desperate cry for help in My Kingdom for a Horse. Yet as the years have passed, Turner’s music has changed, becoming more polished and professional. For comparison, his first EP Campfire Punkrock (2006) was primarily recorded in the front room of his friend and band-mate’s house in Oxford, his latest album Be More Kind (2018) was created by award winning producers and recorded in a professional studio in America – complete with a gospel choir. His albums have moved from being labelled ‘folk punk/folk rock’ to ‘indie rock/indie folk’ over the years, leading to backlash from some fans who believe that his music has lost the raw, personal element that they fell in love with. Yet the singer-songwriter is surprisingly casual when asked if this criticism bothers him.

“I think that to be worried about being pigeonholed you have to give more of a fuck about what other people think that I tend to do. That’s the pull quote, soundbite answer. The real answer… well when I started in my solo career I fell between every stool going because I wasn’t part of the punk scene, I wasn’t really part of the folk scene, I wasn’t really part of the indie scene and there have been moments in my career where that’s been quite frustrating, just in the sense that I’ve seen other people kind of accelerate past me by riding on the wave of a scene. But they then tend to crash when the scene crashes as well, and at this point in my career, seven albums in and fourteen years as a solo artist and the rest of it, I can sort of look on the whole thing with a degree of magnality and victory. All those trendy indie bands who got the record deal that I didn’t get are now appearing in ‘where are they now’ articles in the NME y’know. I mean folk-punk was a term that was used around me and my friends for a while, and there’s some mileage in that, but it seems quite limiting to me in the sense that if nothing else, I think country is a much stronger element in my songwriting than folk. But, I like to think that I’ve kind of reached the point in my career where I’m just gonna be.”.

Yet Turner’s versatility does not just apply to the genres of music he can create – he’s also incredibly well-read, particularly when it comes to history, the study of which he sees as intrinsic to life, commenting “it seems like an odd way to go through life, just walking down the street with no curiosity about how it came to be there”. This has led to a recent movement away from the confessional style of songwriting that he’s known for. In fact, by the end of 2019 Turner plans to have released a brand-new album of songs written about, and from the point of view of, historical women: with one exception – a song about his mum. As well as his music, he’s also a skilled author, and has written two books: The Road Beneath My Feet (2015), a kind of autobiography told through past shows, and Try This At Home (2019), which again tells the stories of his life, but through a deeper glimpse into the meanings of his songs. He does have strong feelings towards certain types of media blending however, surprisingly virulent on his view on lyrics and poetry combining:

“I feel very strongly that contrary to popular opinion, poetry and lyrics are not interchangeable art forms. And this spate of people publishing their lyrics as books of poems that’s been going on lately is kind of bogus. Because lyrics are an art form that survives with the music, they’re integrally related – or if they’re not then you should write better songs”.

Yet after fourteen years of bearing his emotions through song Turner seems to be getting a little bored of introspection, admitting that he’s a little worried that writing two books about himself “verges on narcissism”. As well as the forthcoming album, he somewhat wistfully speaks of researching and writing an academic history book, as well as radio shows, and a secret side project that he can’t speak in depth about, but describes as “the single, most unhinged bit of music I’ve ever been part of”. Even his most recent album, Be More Kind is significantly less intimate, and more angrily political than previous creations, most clearly illustrated in his satirical attack on Republican America through the single Make America Great Again. Turner is vocal in is critique of hate in all its forms, and unashamedly labels Donald Trump a “lying con-man”, yet has a degree of reticence about commenting on British politics – with the exception of the “annoying” and “slightly facile” song Thatcher Fucked the Kids (2006), the subject matter of which is, you may be able to guess, not exactly pro-conservative. Indeed, her refused to play the song for over a decade, predominantly because: 

“There is a certain subset of political fans who just want to hear that song and they don’t give a fuck about anything else you have to say and it you try to make a statement that challenges them in any way then you are the devil incarnate and it because apparent to me that the entire conversation had left music a long, long way behind.”

Ultimately, like his hero, Bruce Springsteen, Turner has dipped his toe in the murky waters of political music, but is reluctant to label himself directly as a protest singer and become entangled in the sometimes dangerously hostile community that surrounds it. Yet the usually endearingly blunt musician admits that his reluctance to comment on British politics also stems from the complexity of the situation.

“I find it easier to comment on American politics than British politics because I have the benefit of an arms-length. The outsider’s status on a situation can make it easier to see the broader picture, or at least kid yourself that you can. The Brexit thing I feel is really quite complicated because I have extremely smart and integral and kind friends on both sides of that plate and it’s not quite as easy as just going ‘oh Trump is a lying con-man’ – that seems a little more clear-cut to me, which makes it easier to write songs about. But y’know, maybe I’m just shying away from making substantive statements that I can get shot down for in this country”.

It can be argued that this is not a very ‘punk rock’ response, but in fact this reactions shows how much Turner has matured since his earlier Million Dead days. After years of struggling with alcohol, drugs, and troubled relationships, the musician now appears significantly more settled, with a healthier outlook on life (he’s mentioned using CBT in the past), a fiancé, and a wonderfully instagrammable feline by the name of Boudicat. Yet in some ways he really does stay true to his roots. As well as touring as a solo artist, he’s also part of the hardcore punk band Möngöl Hörde, due to release a new EP soon – although Turner admits that they’re “the slowest, laziest band in the history of the world”, and not entirely serious in their subject matter – one of the first songs they wrote was about Natalie Portman’s tapeworm using her as a puppet to take over the world. In his general attitude though runs a deep devotion the punk ideas of reaction against the state (admittedly, in a fairly middle-class, ‘I’m going to sing about you’ manner as opposed to throwing bricks though the windows of Parliament), and to the general promotion of individual freedom. Lyrics from his most virulent anti-establishment song, Sons of Liberty (2009) protest that “the government will only work for its own benefit”, and bluntly instructs the listener “if ever a man should ask you for your business or your name/ tell him to go and fuck himself, tell his friends to do the same”.

Yet again this attitude seems to have mellowed, if not in intensity of feeling, in expression in the past few years. He speaks of the Clive James poem Leçons de Ténèbres (2013), written when the poet had been diagnosed with terminal cancer, as inspiring not just his most recent album, but his philosophy in general, especially the powerful lines “I should have been more kind. It is my fate / to find this out, but find it out too late”. If we take anything from his music and words then, it’s this message – kindness. From sending personalised birthday and wedding messages to fans, to using his platform to promote charities like Safe Gigs for Women, Turner makes a point of practicing what he preaches, and although nobody is perfect, he is very clearly trying – as the fact he’s happy to spend half an hour being interviewed by a student journalist illustrates pretty clearly. So maybe I should let the man himself finish this all off with the simple but important quote that titles his latest album – “be more kind my friends, try to be more kind”.

Turner’s new album, No Man’s Land, is released on 16th August

Oxford celebrates Seren Network partnership with Wales

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The Seren Network, an organization set up and funded by the Welsh government to help promising students gain entry to top universities, held an event with the University of Oxford to celebrate the impact of their partnership.

The event was held in Cardiff last week, and was attended by current undergraduates from Wales.

Dr Samina Khan, University Director of Undergraduate Admissions and Outreach, said: “I’m very excited to be here today promoting the expansion of the Seren Network.

“Through this continued partnership we hope to make a positive and sustainable change in the lives of young people in Wales”.

Jesus College, known as informally the ‘Welsh’ college and had 24 Welsh heads of college from 1571 to 1915, runs a Seren Summer School which is now in it’s second year.

Earlier this year, a former student gave the college a £625,000 donation to support the summer school program, which secures its continued existence for the foreseeable future.

College principal Sir Nigel Shadbolt said: “Since its inception in 2017, the programme has been successful in attracting Welsh applicants from state schools to Oxford, with a higher than usual percentage being awarded a place.

“Our donor has chosen to endow a number of places at the summer school in perpetuity. This is a hugely successful way of widening access and we hope others might consider helping”.

The Timelessness of Vinyl

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Imagine this scene: you are perched in the shade, away from the sweltering summer sun, and enjoying a choice beverage. Somewhere in the background you hear an almost-imperceptible crackle before your record player emits the dulcet tones of the late John Lennon. You exist in this blissful state indefinitely, having attained nirvana. Or do you? 

There are many who hark back to the 1970s, the golden age of vinyl, romanticising an era which they did not experience first-hand. While records may not be, scientifically-speaking, higher quality than CDs or digital audio, they do possess an X-factor unmatched by anything on Spotify. Perhaps it is the borrowed nostalgia a record may induce in the listener, or maybe it is the supposed authenticity of the sound. In a musical age where lo-fi hip hop beats reign supreme, it is unsurprising that audiophiles yearn for vinyl’s unique flavour. In the modern era of excess, people are beginning to value authenticity and style above measurable quality, and vinyl is undoubtedly the paragon of musical authenticity. Despite the significant costs associated with owning records, music lovers of all ages are now willing to pay a premium for aural authenticity. This fad is akin to the popularity of wild camping, with adventurers willing to fork out for an authentic experience. Thus, if living in tents, which are materially inferior to houses, is not decried as pretentious and overrated, why should vinyl be subjected to different standards? 

Although the re-emergence of vinyl can be attributed to the different sound projected by phonographic technology, the role of trend-following is likely to also be significant. There is little doubt that many music fans engage in group-think, given the blatant influence of peers on music tastes, which is perhaps the root cause of the revival. However, those introduced to vinyl will stick with it because of its allure and not because of peer pressure. Records allow the listener to experience the music in a different way since they incentivise longer attention spans and active listening. The former results from the difficulty in switching between songs, meaning that the listener is likely less to skip or change mid-way through tracks. The listening is more active in the sense that the physical process of playing the music requires more conscious effort than mindlessly putting on an online playlist, which makes you more aware of the tracks that are playing. With the proliferation of pop-genre singles and fickle music fans, vinyl takes the listener back to an age where albums were the norm. A deeper emotional attachment with the artist is achieved as the high sunk cost of purchasing albums means that those albums end up being frequently listened to. 

The aspect of supporting artists also comes into play here, since musicians notoriously receive little of streaming royalties. Buying records, on the other hand, allows fans to listen to music without threatening artists’ livelihoods. This is especially true in the case of up-and-coming music artists, who receive little in the way of advertising income. An advantage of vinyl over CDs, which also serve the same function, is that the former is more likely to retain its value over the years, especially if it is an earlier pressing. Therefore, buying vinyl is an investment which supports the artist, resulting in a win-win scenario for the listener and artist. If you feel emotionally attached to the music of a particular musician, the best thing you can do is to purchase, rather than stream, albums. Of the purchasing options, vinyl is both financially and aesthetically superior.

Furthermore, much like stamps, records have a certain collectability associated with them, meaning that building a vinyl collection can be as enjoyable as listening to it. While this is also somewhat true of CDs and cassette tapes (read: defunct), there is no such equivalent when it comes to digital audio. Sure, streaming has made music more accessible and affordable as ever, but this proliferation of free music has actually made it less rare and therefore less collectable. Listeners often form emotional attachments to music, with its inherent link to people’s moods, and vinyl enhances these attachments. Digital audio may now have flawless playback, but who wants to live in a world where music only exists as a string of ones and zeros? Ultimately, vinyl replicates the imperfect nature of live music and that is something that can never be replaced; in the end, nothing beats listening to a 1970s-pressing of Strawberry Fields Foreveron a summer’s day. 


St Hugh’s outreach officer runs 130km to improve access

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The Outreach Officer at St Hugh’s College completed a 130km run along the Kent coast this week to improve access to higher education.

Along the way, Lena Sorochina visited twelve schools from Camber Sands to Whitstable, giving talks to pupils about applying to and studying at the University of Oxford.

Visiting both secondary and primary schools, Sorochina’s run was inspired by recent research published by the Bridge Group in February 2019, which revealed a “stark contrast between the widening participation and outreach activities” in London and other parts of the country.

The research concluded that there was “a backdrop of highly unequal access to cultural enrichment and outreach for students” depending on where they lived.

The Principal of St Hugh’s College, the Rt Hon Dame Elish Angiolini, said: “We are so pleased that Lena is bringing Oxford to so many school pupils across Kent, and in such a novel way.”

“So many who would thrive at Oxford and other universities don’t consider applying. Our message is loud and clear: we want the best students from every background to consider coming to Oxford to study.”

Sorochina, who is currently studying for a DPhil in 18th-century French literature, thought a running tour was an unusual way to show young people that university can also be fun.

The distance covered in the St Hugh’s Coast Run is more than three marathons. Sorochina, who has been running since she was 16, has run one marathon and several half-marathons.

Sorochina said: “I hope that this tour will inspire children and young people to be ambitious and aim high, to realise that anything is within their reach if they put their minds to it.”

“I hope that it will encourage them to consider going to university as not only an achievable, but a fun future destination. This project also highlights the benefits of sport for physical and mental wellbeing,” she added.

With 14 schools signed up, there has been a positive response from local schools. Teachers and schools are eager to encourage their pupils and raise their aspirations.

Mr Dan Shepperson, Head of Year 8 at the Charles Dickens School, Broadstairs, said: “We are very interested in breaking down the barriers pupils face in going to university, especially the top-ranked universities in the country.”

Interview: ‘How To Use A Washing Machine’

From the BT studio to a national tour ‘How To Use A Washing Machine’ has grown from strength to strength. Imogen Harter-Jones talks to writers and directors Georgie Botham and Joe Davies.

The pub! Many of the best ideas occur there. Indeed, in the cosy nook of an Oxford hostelry is where Georgie Botham and Joe Davies brainstormed into existence ‘How To Use A Washing Machine’. Little did they know, in Oxford in 2018, that their newly penned and composed musical would not only have a successful BT Studio run but would also then progress (one year later with some editing and reworking) to a national tour with performances at Oxford North Wall Arts Festival, London’s Theatre 503, the Greater Manchester Fringe and the Edinburgh FRINGE itself. 

Georgie and Joe discussed the development of ‘How To Use A Washing Machine’ from their rehearsal studio before the start of their summer UK tour. Impressively, Georgie wrote the book and lyrics of the musical whilst directing a play in the second year of her English degree and Joe composed the music during his Music Finals. From the outset, this project has been what they both describe as “a leap of faith”, but evidently one that has paid off. Their camaraderie, creativity, professionalism and trust as friends developing this project has been pivotal. 

Despite their considerable previous directorial, acting and musical experience, ‘How To Use a Washing Machine’ is a first for both Joe and Georgie; this is their first original musical and builds on their ideas to create an exciting new show. Starting off with the simple question of “what it is like to go home for the very last time?” Georgie says that “it’s a show about finding yourself and trying to find your footing, that found itself along the way”. While coming from the angle of divorcing parents and the breakup of their traditional family unit, at some point everyone realises you won’t return to live in the family home for any extended period, if at all; it resonates with everyone. 

Their take on the story is wonderfully unconventional and both profound and funny. Despite the small two-person cast, one male and one female actor (Cass played by Emelye Moulton and James by Joe Winter (in July) and Max Cadman (in August)), they were adamant from the start that “it is not a boy meets girl story”. Instead, it follows the relationship of a brother and sister literally boxing up their lives and childhood before moving onto adulthood. This is refreshing as many mainstream musicals focus on a tumultuous love story between its protagonists but this liberation from convention has allowed them to explore what Georgie believes to be the most “enduring relationship” of your life, the one with your siblings.

Joe explained that, despite ‘How To Use a Washing Machine’ being unashamedly a musical in form, they wanted to escape the cliché of just being a large, glitzy, over dramatic spectacle. The actors are accompanied not by the expected “classic keys, guitar, bass” but rather a string quartet. Joe’s aim as composer and musical director was to “isolate it (strings)” and show the “infinite possibilities” allowing them to sound as varied as a “rock band, jazz band and hip hop”. 

The writing and rehearsal process for ‘How To Use A Washing Machine’ was a whirlwind which left Georgie and Joe with “no time to second guess” themselves. However, they believe that “liberated” rather than limited them. With an agreed basic plot, Georgie wrote the book and lyrics which she sent to Joe who developed them into the songs of the musical. Despite the inherent musicality of the performance Joe firmly believes that “the words and drama are the most important thing. The music is there to serve the drama, not the other way around”, and the harmony of the songs and their meaning and the accompanying music is evident in the finished result.

At some point, everyone needs to learn ‘How To Use A Washing Machine’; it’s an essential growing up experience. When it’s time to empty your room, and pack those boxes for the final time, it’s perhaps inevitable that you will examine your life, your decisions, what means enough to keep and what can be discarded; you wonder who you are, feeling nostalgic, tense and excited, as you move into your unknown future having revisited your past. With their ambitious four stop UK tour this summer, Georgie and Joe’s future dramatic and musical endeavours are definitely worth following. 

Summer 2019 Tour dates for ‘How to Use a Washing Machine’: Oxford- North Wall Arts Centre – 15th – 16th July. London- Theatre503 – 19th – 20th July. Manchester- Hope Aria House – 23rd – 26th July. Edinburgh Fringe – ZOO Southside – Studio – 2nd – 26th August.

Noah Carl defence fund linked to far-right

A former Nuffield academic who was dismissed from Cambridge for links to far-right extremists rejects the charges and is raising money to sue for wrongful dismissal. In doing so, he has enlisted the services of a man with close ties to the far-right, Cherwell and Varsity can reveal.

The man behind the Noah Carl Legal Fund, Conner Douglass, has a history of using his software skills to enable the funding of the far-right. Just two months ago, Douglass created an almost identical ‘defence fund’ for the far-right activist Laura Loomer.

Douglass was also behind MakerSupport, a payment platform popular with the far-right. He founded the platform after white nationalist Lauren Southern was banned from Patreon, and billed it as a “free speech” alternative.

The Noah Carl Legal Fund, which is registered in Texas, has accrued more than $81,000 in the last two weeks, with donations in US dollars and Bitcoin. Many of the donations have been made anonymously, including one of 1.17 Bitcoin (£11,176) made on the day the fund was launched.

Carl told Cherwell that Mr Douglass approached him with the offer of establishing the crowd-funder, and that he has no concerns about the anonymous donations.

According to Texas company filings, Douglass is behind no fewer than three similar funds. The first of these, Support Loomer LLC, was established in April and has served as the vehicle for more than $85,000 of donations to far-right activist Laura Loomer.

Until 2017, Loomer worked alongside Tommy Robinson at the far-right Canadian blog The Rebel Media. She has since been banned from Twitter, Facebook and Instagram for extremism, and has attracted controversy for spreading the conspiracy theory that school shootings in Texas, Santa Fe and Parkland, Florida were staged.

Donations to Loomer have previously been found to be directed towards anti-Muslim hate group The United West.

Prior to establishing these legal funds, Conner Douglass made his name in far-right circles by creating the online crowdfunding platform MakerSupport. MakerSupport was established by Douglass in 2017 after white nationalist internet personality Lauren Southern was banned from Patreon. (Southern has since been banned from entering the UK.)

MakerSupport received attention last year when, after a series of crackdowns by payment platforms such as PayPal, Patreon and GoFundMe, it became one of the last such websites available for use by the far-right.

White supremacist leader Richard Spencer said at the time: “One of the other fundamental reasons why we’re on MakerSupport is that this is all we’ve got. We have been de-platformed from all major payment systems and other payment platforms. We can’t use them — but we can use MakerSupport.”

Noah Carl is currently attempting to fund a legal challenge to his dismissal from St Edmund’s College, Cambridge. Carl was dismissed from his post after an independent investigation found that “Dr Carl’s appointment could lead, directly or indirectly, to the College being used as a platform to promote views that could incite racial or religious hatred, and bring the College into disrepute.”

Speaking to Cherwell, Carl said: “The web developers who built my crowd-fund build crowd-funds for individuals who would be at risk of having their campaigns shut down by activists if they used a traditional crowd-funding platform. I have no connection to the other individuals for whom they have built crowd-funds. All the money donated to my crowd-fund will go toward my legal costs, and any money left over will be donated to a free speech campaign of my choosing.”

Before taking up his position at St Edmund’s in 2018, Carl had been a postdoctoral researcher at Nuffield College, Oxford. While at Oxford, Carl courted controversy for his links to the far-right.

Carl’s appointment to Cambridge’s prestigious Toby Jackman Newton Trust Research Fellowship sparked weeks of student protest and led to hundreds of academics signing an open letter against the appointment. The protests led St Edmund’s to launch two separate investigations into Carl’s appointment and his research. The latter investigation found that Carl was likely to bring the College into disrepute, and so his appointment was terminated.

Apollo 11 (2019)- An Interview with archival producer Stephen Slater

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Apollo 11 is a recently released space documentary, utilizing never-before-seen 70mm footage and audio to detail the now famous 1969 moon landing. 50 years on, and with a UK release on the 28th June, I sat down with Apollo 11’s chief archival producer Stephen Slater, to discuss the film. Stephen originally began his career as a director, before moving into more specialist archival work in documentaries such as Hillsborough (2014) and George Best: All By Himself (2016). Shifting towards a focus on recapturing the intricate moments of man’s first lunar exploration, Stephen explains how Apollo 11 rocketed from a shared small passion project, to a feature length cinematic experience.

This year of course marks the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission- was there always an aim to get the film done by now, or has the project been in the making for a while?

Stephen Slater: “It started actually with a small crew of us doing a short 30-minute film about Apollo 17, which followed the last visit to the moon in 1972. We partnered with CNN films and Statement Pictures, a company I have been working with, based in New York. Like Apollo 11, that short only used archival footage of the astronauts, with no discernible narration. I had endeavoured to manually lip sync the available audio onto the footage of Mission Control staff in order to make the experience look and feel authentic. It took hours to pour through and edit. After I finished, the end result encouraged me to reach out to director Todd Miller in early 2017. I told him that I had more footage covering Apollo 11, and asked whether he wanted to do something for the upcoming anniversary.”

At what point did you realise the project was developing into a full-length feature?

SS: “Probably about five months in- during research, we come across this incredible cache of 70 mm film in the US National Archives. It gave us a lot more footage of the actual launch. It allowed us to transition from a relatively small film that may have had a home online or as a CNN broadcast, to a feature length documentary with a worldwide IMAX release.”

How were you able to discover the footage- was it a stroke of good fortune?

SS: “It fell of a lorry *laughs*. No, no, essentially, when you are shooting on film, you are always trying to track back to the source and find those original reels- they are often referred to as negatives. The same principle applied with our research- we wanted to source the best, most original material. We knew that was in the Maryland National Archives, which is the end repository of any film underwritten by the US government. When we got there, the archivist said, “by the way, there are 165 reels of 70mm film, if you are interested”. It turned out about a third had “Apollo 11” on them.”

One of the strengths of the film remains how unadulterated the footage is- there is no traditional narration or talking heads. Was that always the approach that the creative team strived for?

SS:  Definitely. I mean there is an element of narration in one sense; there was a man who was sat next to the flight director at Mission Control, called the Public Affairs Officer. He would come on the air when this feed went out to the world, with the astronauts voices heard to the world- he would cut in to say, “This is Apollo Control at 304 hours and Neil Armstrong is entering the capsule”. But we wanted the focus to always be on the footage itself.”

You were responsible for the sound sync of the 16mm footage, which particularly focuses on the Mission Control footage of the tech staff. Did you find that process to be a labour of love or where there times it proved tedious?

SS: “To coin a phrase from Blackadder, it was like trying to find a small bit of hay in a massive stack of needles. It was very time consuming. But it was all about balancing authenticity with clarity. I will give you a good example. When the astronauts are on the (moon)’s surface, Richard Nixon was patched through to the crew. His voice had effectively gone up to the moon and back again, so it was badly garbled. Originally, we intended to use that audio- but there were cleaner recordings of him, so my suggestion was to go with them. Ultimately, that worked out better, but the counterargument was of course that it was not as “spacey” and authentic. So, these were the kind of the discussions we had to have.”

Editing wise, Apollo 11 seems to have strong invocations of 2001: A Space Odyssey and even Scorsese’s Woodstock- how much were they a source of inspiration?

SS: “The answer is (Stanley) Kubrick filmed the whole thing, he faked the moon landing * laughs*, – we were always on the lookout for him at the back of shots. No, it was eerie that it is so similar to something filmed a year earlier by Kubrick. I think a lot of it was because the equipment used, such as the 70mm cameras, was the same. Woodstock, I know, was a definite influence for our director- it allowed the film to develop strong cinema verité style”

What would you say is your favourite movie on space exploration?

SS: “I have been doing other interviews recently where a lot of people have been asking me what got interested me into space exploration, and a big part of it was seeing Apollo 13 at the cinema when I was 8 years old- that really got me hooked. I also really enjoy Shadow of the Moon (2007), which documents astronauts’ stories, including 9 of which who visited the moon. It intersperses their memories really nicely with footage- great music too! I would definitely put that up there with some of the best.”

To listen to the full interview, go to Oxide Film

Midsommar (2019)- Review

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Ari Aster’s genre-blending horror(ish) film Midsommar had an awful lot to live up to. Aster’s gut-wrenching feature debut Hereditary established him as a masterful purveyor of psychological torture and gorgeous gore in contemporary cinema. I bought into the hype, but maddeningly Midsommar presents a ‘my type on paper’ kind of problem – it’s a bit of a yawning let-down in the flesh.

The filmfollows Dani (Florence Pugh) as she attempts to manage the trauma of family tragedy whilst simultaneously clinging to the remnants of a dying relationship with her vacant-eyed boyfriend Christian (Jack Reynor). In the snowy opening sequence, Dani awkwardly hints her way into Christian’s boy’s trip to a Swedish commune where the festivities can begin.

Watching shots of her wandering through wildflower meadows crosscut with drug-induced hallucinations, Dani’s ties to her modern American lifestyle slowly sever as she becomes increasingly entangled in the commune’s ancient Midsummer rites. By blending well established tropes of paganistic Folk Horror with the raw energy of any breakup ever, Aster manages to create a disquieting tale filmed entirely in lurid daylight. Unlike Hereditary, in which the darkness that encloses the family hides satanic figures, family secrets, and even a demented Toni Collette scrambling around on the ceiling, here the dynamic is flipped. Midsommar is a director’s reminder that we are much safer in the dark, before everyone wakes up.

Unlike the villagers in Robin Hardy’s classic The Wicker Man, who cruelly taunt the Catholic police officer, herethe Swedish community show no interest in concealing their violent, sacrificial practices from outsiders. They even explain a length every ritual to their audience of gawping outsiders. Their unsettling candour elegantly parallels the larger motif of exposure that runs throughout Midsommar. Exposure is expressed through relentless sunlight, aerial shots of wide-ranging flat landscapes, and scenes showing the encouraged use of dandelion infused hallucinogenic teas that ‘break down your defences’. However, this candour has the unintended effect of revealing far too much, far too early, and drains multiple scenes of their power to shock or scare. In one particularly dull gory scene, a traditional suicide ritual is so protracted that it quite literally falls flat on its face.

Undoubtedly, Midsommar has its moments of strength. Aster’s sickly pastel colour palette combined with carefully chosen (bizarrely on trend) embroidered costumes are visually arresting. The style achieved calls to mind another impressionistic, dreamy nightmare structured around a natural landscape’s indifference to human pain: Peter Weir’s Picnic at Hanging Rock. Aster also introduces several nice worldbuilding touches including the fabulist mural painted on wooden panels (the work of contemporary artist Mu Pan), which open like curtains before the first scene.  Pugh’s performance as a traumatised Dani is accomplished, but it simply serves to highlight the lack of psychological depth in the surrounding cast. With a lacklustre script and a nearly 2 ½ hour run time, it was a struggle to stay engaged.

A quick glance around at people’s responses in a cinema is always telling. It is a relief that Aster allows dark comedy to creep into the peripheries of his tale, because some sleepy sounding laughter was the only truly audible response he received from my audience. All I’m saying is, people were shouting at the screen watching Get Out, and I pulled a muscle watching Hereditary. Well-paced, subtle Folk Horror has the power to disturb and delight in equal measure. This does neither.

In one interview Aster revealed that of all his characters, it was Dani whom he most readily identified with, admitting that he often finds himself in her position of ‘clinging to something that’s dead because I’m not done with it’. Perhaps this sentiment reveals a difficulty in his artistic practice too. It’s time for Aster to stop clinging to horror tropes that have already been mastered. Aster’s eye for detail remains brilliant, and this is far from thoughtless filmmaking, but he seems to have performed his own ritual sacrifice of substance for style. Catch me rewatching The Wicker Man for the fourth time as I await a deeper, more affecting film from Ari Aster.