Sunday 12th October 2025
Blog Page 723

May’s Brexit fudge won’t satisfy the EU or Brexiters

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On the 7th of June, hard-right Tory MP Nadine Dorries tweets: “David Davis is ex SAS. He’s trained to survive. He’s also trained to take people out. #Brexit.” One month later and Davis (formerly of the Territorial Army, to be clear) resigns, saying that as a “reluctant conscript”, he cannot carry out Theresa May’s Chequers plan. The next day, Boris Johnson votes to leave his office too.

Andrea Leadsom, Michael Gove, and Liam Fox all remain conspicuously in post. What are they anticipating, and how long are they prepared to wait? One theory is that they are patiently biding their time until they can enact a purist Brexit. They don’t dare depose May. But deposing her isn’t necessary to get what they want. Reality is delivering it for them.

The Chequers proposal suggests that the United Kingdom mimic the European Union’s regulatory standards, creating an illusory customs union. This would naturally hinder new trade deals with countries like the USA, who demand that we accept lower health and environmental standards. Legal disputes under this system would be referred to the European Court of Justice. For these reasons, Jacob Rees-Mogg and around 60 Tory MPs will continue proposing amendments which strip the EU alignment back, while Labour, arguing that we should be more closely linked, will simply vote it down.

The EU won’t be happy with it either. It asks for a “common rulebook” whereby the UK can disagree with regulatory changes. Disagreeing would mean expensive border controls at Dover and constitutionally unconscionable ones in Ireland or the Irish Sea. In this scenario, to prevent any visible Irish border, it asks them to trust in technology that doesn’t yet exist. It also asks them to allow a non-member-state to collect tariffs on their behalf. Most deludedly, it asks them to unpick the four freedoms of the single market and give us access to one without the others. The EU will therefore insist that at least Northern Ireland remain properly within the customs union, if not the whole country.

Largely because of the force of these resignations, there is now no clear majority for any form of fudged Brexit. But if we can make it to March without having reached a compromise, we will crash out with no transition period. Only this chaos will sate the Brexiteers. We know that plans are afoot to stockpile food – though we are reassuringly told there will be “adequate” supplies. We also know that the UK and Ireland’s GDPs would take a hit of about four times larger than the other EU member states if this were to happen. British businesses that sell and buy from the EU (supermarkets, pharmacies, etc) would be landed with tariffs overnight.

This is what they are waiting for and they don’t have to do anything to get it as Labour continues to fail to offer an alternative. To prevent a no-deal Brexit therefore, either May needs to pivot onto a proper customs union or Labour need to vote with the government in order to evolve Chequers, though we have mere weeks of actual negotiation time left – an extension would have to be asked for and agreed by the EU27. By this point, scraping any sort of deal together would be an achievement in itself – the number of uncertain variables needed to reach it grow by the day. The Brexiteers and their no-deal need only one: elapsed time.

Oxford research points to the need for divorce law reform

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New Oxford University research has shown “unreasonable behaviour” to be the most common ground for divorce.

In response, the study’s leading academic John Haskey has deemed current divorce law interpretation “problematic.”

The research comes only days after the UK Supreme Court’s dismissal of Tini Owens’ divorce case sparked national outcry.

Studying data from 1971, when the 1969 Divorce Reform Act came into use, Haskey found “unreasonable behaviour” to be the most common ‘fact’ which couples cite as evidence for their marriage breakdown.

Haskey, of the Department of Social Policy and Intervention, revealed that the proportion of divorces granted due to ‘unreasonable behaviour’ had increased dramatically. For those granted to wives, the proportion of divorces trebled from 17% in 1971 to 51% in 2016. For those to husbands, the uptick was even more significant – from 2 to 36%.

Currently, any petitioner must select at least one ‘fact’ to justify their divorce. These include three ‘fault’ facts, which imply blame: desertion, unreasonable behaviour, and adultery. The 1969 Act also added two ‘no-fault’ facts. A couple can divorce if they both agree and have been separated for two years, or five years if the respondent does not wish to divorce.

Haskey also found that, despite couples being able to divorce without assigning blame following the Act, the proportion of divorces being granted because of ‘fault’ facts today is still similar to the proportion in 1973.

Reformers calling for a no-fault divorce system, however, should be not necessarily be disheartened.

Speaking to Cherwell, Haskey said: “To obtain a quick divorce, petitioners can be tempted to petition on a ‘fault’ fact – e.g. adultery, or unreasonable behaviour – and, in the latter case, they may exaggerate the behaviour to be more certain of winning their case.

“The respondent cannot really rebut the allegation, as it is impractical to defend a divorce – which leads to conflict and acrimony.”

In his report, Haskey also pointed out that ‘unreasonable behaviour’ may be popular because it could be conceived as the “least offensive” of the fault facts.

He told Cherwell: “In recent years ‘unreasonable behaviour’ has been interpreted much more liberally than before, undoubtedly influenced by society’s changing values and norms as to how husbands and wives should treat each other.

“It is problematic in how to interpret the law in the light of changing views on what constitutes ‘unreasonable’ and in practice it has become a “catch-all” ‘fact’ for those wanting divorce.”

Furthermore, a Nuffield report into family law indicated that only 65% of petitioners believed that the fact cited tallied ‘very closely’ with the reality of the marriage breakdown. For respondents, this fell to 29%.

Resolution is a family justice organisation that campaigns for improvements to the justice system. They propose an alternative divorce procedure which would allow either partner to give notice that the marriage has broken down irretrievably. The divorce can then proceed. After a period of six months, if the couple still think they are making the right decision, the divorce can be finalised.

Their spokesperson, Lisa Dorstek, told Cherwell: “At the crux of the issue is the needless conflict created by the divorce process at an already difficult time for a separating couple.

“We know that conflict can also have a disproportionate impact on any children and can make reaching a mutually acceptable agreement on children or finances more difficult.

“Actively encouraging blame has no place in a system where we aim to reduce negative impact on all those involved and flies in the face of government efforts to support people to reach agreements out of court.

“Divorce without blame was provided for in the Family Law Act 1996 but never enacted. The Government’s own Family Mediation Taskforce recently recommended that divorce without blame be introduced.”

According to the Nuffield report, divorce legislation in England and Wales is “out of step” with other countries. In Scotland, if couples have not lived together for just a year, they can be granted a divorce if both parties consent.

 

Former student graduates 76 years after completing degree

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A 95-year-old former Oxford student attended his graduation ceremony on Saturday, 76 years after finishing his degree.

John Trower, who studied Modern History at New College, began his course in January 1941. As during the Second World War degrees were shortened by one year, Trower completed his course in 1942.

Upon completion of his degree, Trower joined the army. But, unlike most of his peers, he did not attend a graduation ceremony when he returned. Speaking in an interview on BBC Radio Oxford, Trower attributed this to “inefficiency on my part”.

He said: “When I came out of the army I wasn’t at that point, I was starting a career as a freelance writer and I wasn’t thinking in those terms.”

This weekend’s graduation ceremony at New College, ending the 76-year delay, was organised by Trower’s nephews, who according to Trower, “thought it might be amusing”. Trower was accompanied at his graduation by one of the nephews, along with other members of his family.

According to Trower, Oxford during the war was “very different” from what it is today, however there were “some remnants” of what would now be recognised as typical student life. He recalled being a member of the Oxford University Dramatic Society, which had been “revived” by “theatrical don” Neville Coghill.

Reflecting more broadly on living in Oxford during the war, Trower said: “They didn’t bomb Oxford as they might have done. One didn’t live in expectation of air raids to the same extent as one did if one was outside Oxford somewhere.”

Oxford academics to help Twitter tackle hate speech

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Oxford academics from the Experimental Psychology department are to help Twitter become less ‘toxic’ by studying “the health of public conversation” on the social networking site.

Alongside researchers from the University of Amsterdam, the Oxford academics will examine “how exposure to a variety of perspectives and backgrounds can decrease prejudice and discrimination.”

The study forms part of Twitter’s ongoing drive to combat hate speech and harassment, after the company came under fire for not taking a hard enough line against sexist and racist abuse on the site.

Professor Miles Hewstone, a social psychologist at Oxford, said: “Evidence from social psychology has shown how communication between people from different backgrounds is one of the best ways to decrease prejudice and discrimination.

“We’re aiming to investigate how this understanding can be used to measure the health of conversations on Twitter, and whether the effects of positive online interaction carry across to the offline world.”

In a blog post about its new partnerships, Twitter said: “We know this is a very ambitious task, and look forward to working with these two teams, challenging ourselves to better support a thriving, healthy public conversation.”

Twitter shares dropped by 15% last week after it announced it had lost over a million users in a drive to remove locked, inactive accounts.

Other social networking companies, including Facebook and YouTube, have previously faced similar public criticism for not preventing abuse and fake news in what some are calling a “techlash”.

Oxford and Cambridge fail to meet threshold for National Student Survey

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Following successful boycotts, data from both Oxford and Cambridge will be missing from the results of this year’s National Student Survey as neither met the 50% response rate necessary for publication.

This will be the second year that the universities have not been included.

In 2017, 12 institutions failed to meet the threshold, largely due to boycotts. However, this year’s survey featured all but three of the UK’s universities, with a national average response rate of 70% compared to last year’s 68%.

Oxford SU called for a boycott of the survey in January, over concerns that the information would be used to justify raising tuition fees in universities with higher satisfaction scores. The motion passed with 75% in favour of the boycott.

Oxford SU Vice-President for Access and Academic Affairs, Lucas Bertholdi-Saad, told Cherwell: “We are extremely happy to see Oxford failed to reach 50%.

“By boycotting the NSS, we resist the differentiation and increase of tuition fees that threaten to make Higher Education the preserve of the wealthy for years to come. It’s great to see how many students oppose marketisation by not filling out the survey.

“Following the successful NSS boycott in a number of major universities last year, including Oxford, the Government tried to silence students by halving the weight of the NSS in the Teaching Education Framework. Continued mobilisation on the boycott campaign, serious criticism of the NSS by institutions such as the Royal Statistical Society, as well as considerable criticism of the TEF by academics, has now led the Government to suspend the link of the TEF to tuition fees, and freeze the level of tuition fees.

“This is a major victory for the boycott campaign and the campaign against marketisation – and for education – in UK universities.”

Speaking to Cherwell, a spokesperson for the University said: “It is a shame not to see a higher response rate to the NSS within Oxford because we have found it a useful feedback mechanism in the past.”

Oxford has taken part in the Student Barometer Survey, which found that 94% of respondents were satisfied with studying at Oxford in 2017. The response rate was 39%.

Amongst universities which did participate in the NSS, overall student satisfaction fell by 1% in England and 2% in Scotland, with student satisfaction with tutors’ feedback as low as 73% nationally. St. Andrew’s topped the list with 94% overall student satisfaction.

Debate: Should there be less sugar in our Coco Pops?

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Yes: Anna Smith LMH

If you have recently felt an inexplicable wave of disappointment as you dived into a bowl of Coco Pops in the expectation of a sweet chocolatey bliss, you are not alone. Kellogg’s has recently modified the recipe of its famous cereal by reducing its sugar content by 40 per cent, in the aim of creating a healthier alternative. The public, as seen on Twitter, have voiced their dissatisfaction with the change, claiming that the new recipe tastes dramatically worse and is, simply put, not the product they paid for. However, this wave of anger in response to an isolated incident risks undermining the fact that such changes are ultimately a step in the right direction in terms of improving the nation’s health.

Indeed, it has recently been revealed that Britain is the most obese country in Western Europe, and the percentage of individuals suffering from diabetes in the country has doubled over the last two decades. Clearly the growth in scientific knowledge about the food we eat has not translated into changes in our everyday food consumption. The solution to this problem, however, is not as simple as it may seem at first glance.

Taking control of the food products that the population consumes may initially seem a bit too paternalistic and ‘nanny state’. However, given that the majority of the nation’s most popular ‘go-to’ brands have such a high sugar content, it is unsurprising that health figures are so worrying. Many continue to buy these brands because they are familiar, they are the ‘default’ options. As such, the consumption of such unhealthy food products is reinforced and ingrained into daily life. By popularising healthier alternatives, the risk of consuming these harmful foods, with worrying amounts of sugar, is automatically reduced.

Of course, such a dramatic reduction in sugar content is likely to modify taste, which will evidently not be favoured by all. But people will still be free to buy supplementary sugar or any other flavourings and add these should they so wish, but this extra step will act as an obstacle to high sugar consumption. This would therefore separate those customers who truly wish to consume so much sugar from those who simply had little other choice.

Such negative feedback to the new product by Kellogg’s should push the company to modify its recipe and improve its taste. It is a recipe failure that can occur in any food product, regardless of its sugar content. It should therefore not be viewed as a reason for not improving the nutritional value of popular but unhealthy foods. Indeed, more food companies should employ similar strategies to solve the problem of Britain’s growing waistlines.

No: Joanna Lonergan, LMH 

It’s Monday evening. For lunch, I had a sad ham salad sandwich – featuring wilting lettuce and soft tomatoes  – and a packet of slightly stale Skips, but I soldiered through. This is because I was safe in the knowledge that Dad had done a food shop for when I got home and that my beloved Coco Pops would therefore be waiting in the cupboard.

On the new box (which, by the way, is slightly smaller), Coco the monkey brandishes a scroll boasting an ‘improved recipe’. A sense of dread washed over me – is nothing sacred?

Kellogg’s claims the new recipe keeps ‘the great chocolatey taste you know and love’. This is a lie. Eating the box would taste better than eating what’s inside.

And what is inside? Dust. Or something like it. Anyone who tries to tell you that reducing the sugar means you can enjoy your treat more often, or ‘without the guilt’, is probably someone who believes their ‘courgetti’ tastes just like spaghetti. They should not be trusted.

RIP my midnight bowl of Coco Pops.

Public Health England says almost a third of British children are overweight. There’s no point trying to pretend that sugar isn’t a major contributor in this. But the real issue here isn’t the amount of sugar in our food, but our attitude and approach.

Adults have to take responsibility for providing their kids with healthy options and monitoring their sugar intake. Coco Pops were never advertised as a healthy option – they’re a treat to be incorporated into a balanced diet.

Obviously, too much sugar is bad for anyone. But the hardline approach to controlling a child’s sugar intake is not the way to educate them on a balanced diet. It’s also impossible to keep children away from sugar. Your sugar-free toddler may devour pureed spinach like it’s an ice cream sundae, but this can’t last forever. One day they’ll go to a birthday party and eat the cake – and God forbid it won’t be made from almond flour, dates and raw cacao. Attempting to rigidly regiment a child’s sugar intake just leads to unnecessary anxiety for both the parent and the child themselves.

Instead, parents should work on teaching their kids the difference between everyday foods and treats. Kellogg’s decision to reduce the amount of sugar in their Coco Pops removes parents’ ability to decide for their kids. If parents, instead of offering Coco Pops every day, offered them only on the weekends as a treat, this would go a long way to reducing their child’s sugar consumption. It would also prevent everyone’s favourite snack being ruined box by box, because let’s remember cereal isn’t exclusively for kids.

I’m a firm believer in everything in moderation, and I’ve now been forced to find my moderation in Frosties (which, for now, still retain twice as much sugar as the original Coco Pops). It’s about balance, and slashing the sugar just muffles the core issue. It might work in cutting down the sugar in our diets, but only because we throw away the box after the first bowl. 

‘Mission: Impossible – Fallout’ – the best action film of the year?

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Tom Cruise makes me feel like such a couch potato. As I sit here, writing about the latest Mission: Impossible adventure, he’s out there flying helicopters through the Himalayas, riding motorbikes around Paris and, yes, even breaking his ankle to make a rooftop foot-chase in London, just to keep my lazy butt entertained. Thankfully, I can pretend some of the more butt-centric Oxloves are written for me, but I don’t have to pretend to be nice for the next few hundred words because this sixth entry in the Mission: Impossible series is the best Mission yet.

This time around, Ethan Hunt (Cruise) is still trying to nullify The Syndicate, the baddies from the last film, with the help of his buddies Benji (Simon Pegg) and Luther (Ving Rhames). But when the CIA decides the IMF need some oversight, Angela Badass – sorry, Angela Bassett – sends in Superman – sorry, Superstache – sorry, Agent Walker (Henry Cavill), to make sure that Hunt stays in line. 

Perhaps the most fascinating part of the Mission series for film fans has been watching a new director oversee each entry, and seeing what distinctive touches they bring to the project, but Fallout marks the first time in the franchise a director has been carried over from a previous film. Christopher McQuarrie, director of 2015’s Rogue Nation, returns to helm this project in his seventh collaboration with Cruise, and it’s a partnership that just keeps on giving.

See, McQuarrie has figured out two key things to help keep the franchise feeling fresh: Cruise’s enthusiasm towards practical stuntwork is as limitless as it is watchable, and constructing a plot around the action set-pieces you want to include is a surprisingly effective approach to filmmaking if those set-pieces are spectacular enough.

And spectacular they most certainly are. As he did in the (quietly impressive) car chase in Jack Reacher, McQuarrie works hard to place the camera so that we’re aware that it really is Cruise riding that motorbike, driving that car, or piloting that helicopter, and there’s visceral thrills to be had in that approach. But McQuarrie’s filmmaking techniques are far more nutritious here than in Rogue Nation, which too often required tricky editing to obscure some of the more implausible stunt moments. Here, the action is beautifully framed and composed. From the choreography of the hand-to-hand fights to the jaw-dropping helicopter-based daredevilry of the final showdown, McQuarrie never hits the dizzy heights of, say, Brad Bird’s action-poetry in Ghost Protocol, but the spatial geography is always clear and the sound design ensures you feel each punch and duck from every stray bullet.

But despite the story’s blatant function of stringing together a series of increasingly improbable action sequences, McQuarrie juggles the ensemble cast pretty well. Pegg is given a little less to do than usual, so the film is less funny than prior entries in the series, but Rebecca Ferguson and Michelle Monaghan make welcome returns and help the film to pack a surprising emotional punch for long-time fans of the series.

The film certainly isn’t faultless. The main antagonist is facially disfigured by the end of the film, which is an unwelcome and, sadly, not uncommon trope to rear its head. There’s also no questioning which stunts were done for real, as some of the more (pardon the pun) impossible feats are visualised through some pretty ugly CGI. And while McQuarrie’s filmmaking instincts have tightened up considerably, the 148 minute runtime is almost certainly too long to be comfortable for a good chunk of the audience, as is the film’s assumption of your encyclopaedic knowledge of at least the last three films, especially Rogue Nation.

But based on the filmmakers’ ability to keep upping the ante with each instalment, it seems the series is destined to keep running for as long as Cruise himself can.

What should the British national anthem be?

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Isabella Welch: ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’ – Queen

There was an Oxfess the other day saying that ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’ should be the next national anthem, and I’d have to agree. Why shouldn’t it? Its style is unique to 70s English music, written with both major and minor tones, sounding simultaneously triumphant and deeply mournful. It is timelessly operatic. A soliloquy which covers so much of the human condition, it has something for everyone.

Maybe it isn’t a song about England, but it’s a song closer to the hearts of the English people than the current anthem – who even knows the second verse of ‘God Save the Queen’? ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’ has no clear chorus, no repetitive phrases, and yet it seems that people are much more familiar with this incredibly complex absurdist song  than with the second verse of our anthem. We are a secular democracy: to sing a song about the exploration of self seems a much better representation of England. You know you love Freddie Mercury far more than our monarch.

Áine Kennedy: ‘Despacito (Remix)’ – Luis Fonsi & Daddy Yankee (feat. Justin Bieber)

I would argue that it is impossible for any living creature this side of the Milky Way to hear the first quivering, seductive guitar ripple of ‘Despacito’ without feeling the first faint stirrings of orgasm in their crotch. Without a doubt this is the most musically masterful creation since Hildegard of Bingen’s 1161 AD summer chart-topper, ‘Symphonia armonie celestium revelationum’. Bieber’s opening verse, delivered with the moist eroticism of a mouth-breather on bus 319 to Streatham Hill, showcases not only a huge range of about six notes, but also nimble rhymes that would have the Bard moaning in envy and awe: the pairing of ‘direction’ with ‘blessing’ is a particular standout.

When the melodic baton is passed to Luis Fonzi and non-Spanish speakers lose track of the narrative, they are more than compensated by a thrusting rhythmic drive, as some nameless talent strums and slaps a guitar. The wet, tantalising drip down the minor third transmogrifies the melancholic yearnings of B-minor into the climactic, blushing warmth of the G-major chorus; the repetitiveness of the melody builds a primal, throaty leap into a higher register for the post-chorus, by which time anyone with a healthy number of nerve endings will, quite simply, have busted a nut. But ‘God Save the Queen’. I know what I’d rather hear every night on BBC Radio 4 before closedown.

Fraser Maclean: ‘In My Life’ – The Beatles

The most emotionally charged track on the Beatles 1965 album Rubber Soul, ‘In My Life’ was written by Lennon as an emotional ode to his British childhood, and as a testament to the ongoing nature of life and the future. A national anthem must be able to fit in a number of settings – memorial services, sports fixtures, and everything in between – the balance could definitely be found here. A beautiful melody set to a pleasant guitar part from Harrison, the song also features a Baroque-inspired piano solo contributed by producer George Martin. But the catchy vocals and pleasant harmonies mean that crowds and choirs alike would get on board.

Lennon was very proud of the end result, calling it “my first real, major piece of work”. The Beatles are Britain’s greatest contribution to popular music. If any Brits should be given responsibility for their nation’s anthem, it should be Lennon and McCartney. And if any Beatles track should be chosen, it should be something that shows emotional depth, musical brilliance, and British talent. In my life, I’ve loved you more.

Caleb O: ‘Talkin’ the Hardest’ – Giggs

I actually find it insulting that I even need to explain this one. The country should bow to the one true national anthem without any explanation. Giggs has become a household name in the UK. ‘Talkin’ the Hardest’ is perhaps the most influential song in UK rap history. Krept & Konan, Dave, and perhaps even less obvious artists like Loyle Carner might not even exist had it not been for this ballad. For myself – as well as for many other babies born in the late 90s – it was the first rap song that I knew all the words to.

At Reading Festival 2017, I was there, live in the flesh, watching Giggs perform. Many of you will know that this is the performance where he brought out Drake – a tremendous spectacle which permeated all the way through the media. Yet, nothing evoked a more burning passion in my heart than putting my right hand on my left nipple and screaming out the one true national anthem at the top of my lungs. No human person should be able to write about putting ketchup on chips and somehow make it sound threatening- Giggs did that. From this angle, it is only rational to conclude that Giggs is, in fact, a god, and this song is rightfully his most prized possession. Vive la ‘Talkin’ the Hardest’.

Oxford City Council backs a People’s Vote

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Oxford City Council have voted overwhelmingly to support a People’s Vote on the final Brexit deal.

The motion was initially suggested by Green Party councillors, and follows a letter signed by 16 Labour councillors calling for a referendum on the final deal, joining their Liberal Democrat and Green colleagues.

34 councillors were in favour of the motion, with six against and two abstaining.

Green councillor for St. Mary’s ward, Craig Simmons, said: “I am encouraged by the cross-party support for this Green Group motion calling on a People’s Vote on the terms of any Brexit Deal. It is important to now spread the word and encourage other local authorities to pass similar motions.

“In this way we can build upon the groundswell of support for a second referendum and give MPs the courage to take a different path.”

Oxford SU President, Joe Inwood, told Cherwell: “We need a People’s Vote to tell the government it has taken the wrong path through the Brexit process.

“Oxford students know how to spot a debating society charlatan when we see one – Boris Johnson needs holding to account for his false promises. The voices of students and young people have been ignored ever since the referendum. A bad deal will hit us hardest, yet the government are totally deaf to our concerns.”

Speaking to Cherwell, Dominic Brind, a Magdalen student and spokesperson of Our Future Our Choice, said: “This is great news and shows that the Council are awake to the democratic necessity of a People’s Vote.

“It shows a willingness to give the student body, who make up a sizeable portion of the city’s population, the opportunity to have a say over their futures that many of them lacked in 2016’s deficient referendum.”

Councillor for St Clement’s ward, Tom Hayes, was one of the principal organisers of the Labour councillors’ letter, which said Brexit would “harm all our futures” and underlined the potential dangers for the NHS following a trade deal negotiated with “chest-thumping nationalist” Donald Trump.

Cllr Hayes told Cherwell: “Theresa May is in office, but Jacob Rees-Mogg is in power.

“The people who recently re-elected me with a larger majority and vote did so because I was calling for a People’s Vote. Since co-signing the letter, I’m pleased to have received 100% support from my ward.

“The Labour Party’s Shadow Secretary of State for Brexit, Sir Keir Starmer, is on record as being open to a People’s Vote, as are a large number of constituency Labour Parties and MPs including David Lammy.

“As Europe’s biggest party, Labour is a highly democratic member-led organisation, and I’m calling for a People’s Vote and standing on this platform in the elections to the National Policy Forum of my party.”

A survey undertaken by Opinium for the People’s Vote campaign found in May that 69% of Labour voters supported a vote on the final Brexit deal, compared to 53% of voters nationally.

The Labour councillors’ letter also deemed Brexit a “disaster for working people”. Most obviously at risk are the 4,500 staff employed at Cowley’s flagship MINI plant. In June, BMW announced that they would be forced to close down sites in the UK if Brexit caused customs delays during the shipments of car parts. The Guardian reported that a “full or part closure would have a devastating impact for the surrounding area.”

Labour councillors who voted against the motion included Sajjad Malik, Deputy Lord Mayor, whilst council leader, Susan Brown, abstained.

The Liberal Democrat candidate for Carfax ward, Conor McKenzie, told Cherwell: “It is great to see that some Labour councillors have joined the cause, though still a shame that many have followed the party’s lead nationally of either supporting the Conservatives’ pursuit of a Hard Brexit or dithering with people’s future by abstaining.

“What disappointed me most is that a Labour councillor in each Holywell, Carfax and North wards voted against this motion. These areas are overwhelmingly student and voted by more than 80% to Remain, so this is a huge let-down.”

Only Liverpool and Oxford City Councils officially support a People’s Vote. Other councils, such as Swansea, are exploring the possibility of voting on the matter.

English football finally delivers in Russia 2018

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As the dust settles on a World Cup, England fans can come away with a rare feeling of pride in their national team, if only to suppress the nagging thoughts of what might have been. There may well be a sense of missed opportunity. It could even be argued that this England team delivered on the expectations of those who recognised their lack of creativity or staying power against quality opposition. As David Baddiel and Frank Skinner perceptively observed, they’ve seen it all before, they just know, they’re so sure.

Except England didn’t throw it away, at least not in the manner that most people expected, given their recent tournament track record. Many people hadn’t seen it before. For me, at least, a lifetime of following England has been rewarded by nothing better than two world cup quarter-final exits, and only one of those has been within living memory. The other was now over a decade ago.

This, then, was something for me to get excited about, and, more importantly, everyone else was getting excited about it as well. It wasn’t just those of us crowded around the screen in the college TV room either. In the last four weeks, this World Cup has been celebrated more than any tournament since Euro 96, mostly because, like 22 years ago, the England team gave the nation something to celebrate.

Reports of the country running out of beer may have come to nothing, but the sight of thousands of plastic-cupped pints being hurled jubilantly into the air, as fan zones up and down the country erupted with every England goal, was certainly a spectacle. People may accuse fans of getting carried away, but the sheer number of fans that did get caught up in the emotion is significant in itself.

Early on, a friend of mine commented that The Lightning Seeds’ ‘Three Lions’ was getting a lot of airtime even by World Cup standards, and after several nights out with clubs virtually playing the song on loop, I was inclined to agree. Add to that TV viewing figures in excess of 26 million (for the semi-final) in a country with a population of around 53 million, and the inexhaustible output of memes relating to newfound cult icon Harry ‘Slab-head’ Maguire, and a picture begins to develop, one of engagement with the England team on a level unprecedented in this generation.

In this way, football has delivered on the promises of Skinner and Baddiel, and finally come home. Not in the way that they meant when they immortalised the phrase, nor in the way that subsequent scores of fans have dared to dream, but in a way that could, and should, be appreciated. I was surprised by the amount of people at the start of the tournament who told me, ‘I don’t like football, but I do like the World Cup’, or, ‘but I want England to do well’. No doubt such people grew in number before this tournament came to an end.

This is surely a good thing. Despite the negative atmosphere surrounding the build-up to the tournament, Russia 2018 will be the best World Cup that many people have ever experienced, England fan or otherwise. This tournament has surpassed expectations, from the underdog storylines to the relative lack of fan trouble. And for fans, the experience will have been all the better for sharing it with more people than ever before: friends, family, followers, people who had forgotten what it was like to cheer a team through the latter stages of a tournament.

From the first World Cup penalty shootout win in their history, to Maguire stamping his name on the New Year’s Honours List with a thumping header against Sweden, England’s class of 2018 have given us memories to add to that tackle by Moore, when Lineker scored, Bobby belting the ball, and Nobby dancing – all the new ones need is for someone to make them rhyme.

To say that football did come home might sound like losers making excuses; realistically, it is. But England’s enthusiasm for this World Cup was a great consolation prize.

Expect the same again in four years’ time? An England fan knows better than to dare to dream, at least until the first kick of the ball.