Friday 27th June 2025
Blog Page 1792

OULC pass motion in support of Blair’s domestic legacy

0

Oxford University Labour Club held a policy forum in Balliol College on Tuesday to debate the legacy of Tony Blair.

The motion was initially ‘OULC believes that Tony Blair did not do enough for the Labour cause in Britain’, but this was eventually amended to ‘OULC believes that Tony Blair did not do enough for British society’. The motion ultimately fell by 29 votes to 14, indicating OULC broadly support New Labour’s domestic policy.

Some contributors to the discussion saw Labour’s investment in public services such as health and education under Tony Blair as an improvement to British society and something to be proud of.

The introduction of the National Minimum Wage and the Working Families’ Tax Credit were cited as evidence of clear progressive steps which came about under Blair. Other attendees mentioned developments in fields such as gay rights and gender equality.

However, others disputed the idea that Blair was a genuinely left-wing politician.

It was noted that his Labour party abandoned Clause IV, which committed the party to nationalisation of industry. Comparisons were made between Blair and Thatcher, and Blair was criticised for having too much faith in market forces at the expense of the state apparatus favoured by previous Labour leaders.

It was also acknowledged that Blair was electorally Labour’s most successful ever leader, but the balance between principles and pragmatism generated controversy.

The second motion was ‘OULC believes in Tony Blair’s international strategy’.

It was broadly, though not universally, agreed that the invasion of Iraq was a miscalculation that has led to regional turmoil and over one hundred thousand deaths for little tangible gain.

Though some argued that the removal of Saddam Hussein was the right move given the information available at the time, praise for Blair’s international strategy broadly came for other operations.

Kosovo, Sierra Leone and Northern Ireland were all examples cited in defence of Blair’s foreign policy.

This motion fell by 19 votes to 15, indicating that a majority of OULC supports Tony Blair’s domestic legacy but not his international one.

Tom Rutland, OULC’s Social Secretary, told Cherwell ‘I think the evening’s discussion surrounding Tony Blair and his legacy was a useful one to have.

It is important to remember that when we agree on many things, such as the minimum wage being a good policy, the situation in Northern Ireland being vastly improved and the huge advancements in civil rights for various groups, we are inevitably going to focus on the areas we disagree when discussing Blair’s government.

When remembering Blair’s performance we should consider everything achieved in the 10 years he was in power for, not just the Iraq War.’

Hannah Wilkinson, Membership Officer and Treasurer-Elect, was more critical of the Blair legacy. ‘I think that Tony Blair was worse for the Labour movement than Margaret Thatcher was. He continued to support the individual rather than the collective voice. I’m encouraged by the fact the motion (about whether he did enough) passed fairly narrowly, although I voted against it. I think the club and the party need to admit he made a lot of mistakes and move on.’

Former Co-Chair Lincoln Hill also took the view that OULC should be focusing on the future rather than the past.

He told Cherwell ‘I think despite the controversy that any debate over Blair personally generates, we actually agree a lot more on what went right and what went wrong during his premiership than is sometimes apparent. 

The key now is for everybody to learn and apply those lessons and put in the doorstep work that will get us back into power in 2015.’

Oxford named top for medicine

0

According to The Times Higher Education’s World University medicine rankings, Oxford is the best university in the world for medicine, topping the league table for clinical, preclinical and health subjects.

The Times stated that Oxford University stands out in its medical research, mentioning its long-standing network of clinical research units in Asia and Africa as a particular strength. These centres enable world-leading research on the most pressing global health challenges such as malaria, TB, HIV/AIDS and flu.

A spokesperson for Oxford University commented, “It is tremendous to be listed as the best university for medical sciences, not just in the UK but in the world – above the US powerhouses of Harvard, Johns Hopkins and Stanford.”

Tim Seers, a medical student at Imperial College in London, said however that the methodology of the league tables is a problem. He said, “It places too much emphasis on student satisfaction, which skews other results. For example, Imperial intentionally makes the course difficult and offers students little support, therefore there is lower student satisfaction overall.”

The medical sciences division has enjoyed considerable success iin attracting research funding. In August 2011 more than 100 million pounds to fund research over the next five years was awarded to the university by the National Institute for Health Research.

Alice Caulfield, a first year medic at St Anne’s, commented, “It’s unbelievable, Oxford has the greatest research funds, even though it is one of the smallest medical schools.” Andrew Mawer, a fourth year medic at St Anne’s, found Oxford’s ranking unsurprising, saying, “The teaching at Oxford is really amazing. There are a lot of professors who truly are world leaders in their field at Oxford.” When asked whether he thinks the rankings will affect people’s decisions when applying, he replied, “Applicants dithering between Oxford and Cambridge will certainly be swayed by these rankings.” Mawer added that it would reflect badly on the university if they were not right at the top, saying, “Oxford would need to be worried if they dropped out of the top 10: it would certainly make it harder for them to attract the world class research scientists that give it its edge.”

Caulfield explained her decision to apply to Oxford, saying, “I chose Oxford because the course is academic and mainly theoretical. We learn about the science that underpins medicine rather than spending hours learning how to talk to patients.

“At the end of the day, medicine is a science. One needs to understand the scientific principles behind a diagnosis before learning how to communicate.”

Professor Andrew Hamilton, Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University, released a statement concerning the merger, ‘With the joint working agreement now coming into effect, we are determined to deliver a true health sciences partnership that provides high-quality healthcare for patients backed by the latest in world-leading medical research.’

Dr. Lancaster is convinced that the newly-integrated trust will result in many benefits, ‘The new organisation will facilitate the translation of research findings into advances in patient care, leading to improved care for NHS patients and a stimulating environment for medical training.’

Cult Books: The Other Hand

0

Perhaps the test of a book’s quality should be its power to make you oblivious to everything else. I’d often thought this in a nebulous sort of way, but I realised its full impact when I decided to while away my daily four hour commute by reading The Other Hand. I missed my tube stop (twice) on the way there and sniffed through many a tissue on the way back. And I even managed to break through the commuter wall of silence as the woman next to me actually spoke to me to ask what I was reading (yes, it was an embarrassing commute). Chris Cleave’s The Other Hand tells the story of two women whose lives, on the surface, couldn’t really be more different. One (Little Bee) is a teenager from a tiny Nigerian village. The other (Sarah) is a successful magazine editor from London with a toddler son. One chance encounter on a beach in Africa collides their two worlds. And when Little Bee turns up as a refugee on Sarah’s doorstep in cosy Southern England, Sarah is forced to realise that she shares more than she thinks with Little Bee and to accept that their lives are irrevocably linked from now on.

What is really remarkable about Chris Cleave’s writing is his ability entirely to take on the voices of the two women, bringing each to life more vividly and with more skill than any first person narrative I’ve ever come across. As the characters grow closer to each other in the narrative, they become closer to us too, and shed a light on the choices we make, as individuals and as a nation. For in The Other Hand no (wo)man is an island, and every choice has a consequence. As personal as it is political, Chris Cleave’s astounding novel entertains, shocks and above all makes you think.

In the first Cult Books column this term, Hattie Soper referenced The Telegraph’s definition of a cult book as being something that people carry around with them as a totem. If not this yet, then this is what The Other Hand should become: a totem, representative of the power of a book to transport you into someone’s alien universe. And representative of the humanity of writing, the compassion of reading, and the necessity of imagining.

Scenes at the sexhibition

0

It’s not every day that you can enter the hallowed portals of a national museum and find yourself confronted with a slow, syrupy porn-jazz soundtrack over video footage of two bonobos resolutely humping. But then, not every exhibition is Sexual Nature, which finished earlier this month at London’s iconic Natural History Museum. I don’t want to be premature, but I think it might just be the best thing I’ll see all year.

Animals, it seems, are all at it. The revelations begin with two in a series of surprising ‘Facts of Life’: I learn that bedbugs have a high rate of female mortality owing to a violent process known as ‘traumatic insemination’ and that sea hares (a species which apparently exists) mate in a massive circular submarine daisy chain.

Following the sequence of spacious, uncluttered rooms, each decorated with classy black-and-white photographs of a different species in the heat of carnal embrace, it becomes clear it’s not just the invertebrates. Of course, when you happen to have an unparalleled taxidermy collection, mounting two foxes tail to tail, with a note about the vixen’s troublesome tendency to hold her partner in an hour long, inextricable vaginal clamp, is clearly the most sensible use of your resources. Although I can’t help thinking the curators missed out on a chance to switch the music to Smokey Robinson’s You Really Got A Hold On Me.

The exhibition is mostly textual: the explanatory material takes up more space than much of the actual visible collection, which consists mainly of tiny insects and the skeleton of a walrus cock. The highlight is a series of films made by art house actress and probable maniac Isabella Rossellini, entitled Green Porno, in which the Blue Velvet star dresses up as a salmon, a spider and a praying mantis, while describing, in the first person, the mating rituals of each in surrealistic detail. 

It’s probably apparent that this is one of the funniest hours I have ever spent in any museum or gallery, and I’m sure in some ways that was a deliberate decision on the part of the curators. With its ‘not for the faint-hearted’ warnings and matter of fact presentation, the NHM is having a sidelong prod at the ridiculous nexus of repression and embarrassment that has coalesced around human sexual desire, presenting sexuality as inescapably comic and then asking why we find it so.

The final room features an interactive feature (not that interactive) where visitors vote on a series of questions relating to human sexual behaviour (what some would call morality) and attraction. This wouldn’t have been a great exhibition to bring a date to, containing as it does the coded message, ‘I wanna fuck you like an animal’, but it was a fascinating attempt to elicit recognition of the uncanny closeness of the animal world to our own. And if you didn’t see the ‘fornicating slipper limpet’ you missed out.

Re-living Stalingrad’s horrors

0

Fulham, and in his improbably well appointed house Antony Beevor is talking about Nazis. Beevor is a stocky, brockish man with a rich melliflous voice. He is intensely relaxed. His manner when describing history is identical to the style of his books. I.e., fabulous detachment creepily conveying some seriously horrible things. ‘Horrors. I’d find it would hit me two or three days later, usually in the middle of the night or something like that.’ He and his researcher were trawling through archives, ‘and we suddenly came across this report, which was about the mass rape of the young Russian women and girls who’d been taken back to Germany as slave labour. They thought they were about to be liberated by the Red Army – and then found themselves liberated by the Red Army. And that shook Luba more than anything, she had to spend that night with her mother.’

If you have read this far and don’t know who Antony Beevor is, then well done. I pity you, but well done all the same. He is IMO probably the best military historian of his generation. His books on Stalingrad, D-Day and the conquest of Berlin have shifted millions. They have also inspired millions – of young chaps like myself, avidly guzzling the latest ‘one’ from the comfort of our militaria bedecked boudoirs. Despite this the whole military history thing was complete luck.

‘Careers are very very strange things. I joined the army for a rather curious reason, it was partly because when I was very small I had something called Perthes disease which meant I was on crutches. Obviously got a sort of terrible inferiority complex and a chip on my shoulder, and wanted to prove myself. The military history came later, because I started off writing novels, which needless to say, there was no way that one could actually survive on it. After a number of years with novels, one publisher said “listen, why don’t you use your military experience, why don’t you write military history”. And they pushed me into my first book on the Spanish Civil War. The point was that that pushed me into military history. And needless to say, publishers will always pay rather a lot more for their own ideas than for your ideas. It was rather a question of survival. And then of course I started getting a taste for it, and that was sort of how it developed. Certainly you couldn’t describe that as a structured career.’

Beevor’s books have a trait. Which is, that while he does all the usual stuff about corps and divisions and generals and statesmen, he also shows how their action affected the lives of the ordinary. ‘The whole point’, he says, ‘was whether you could actually get at the material that would show what it was like for the people caught on both sides and in the middle’. How did he get that material? There was a lot in the archives. But that proved problematic. ‘What was amazing was that however much one studied Russian there was just so much material there, that unless you could speedread or decipher the squiggles in the margins you were never going to get the proper material or the right material out of there. You’d be bashing your head against a brick wall.’ Solution: interviews. The principal participants were primarily alive. ‘At that stage it was still possible to interview people who were survivors. Women were much better than others, it’s quite interesting. The real problem was that the men had been so humilitated, in the way they had no control over their own fate. They were sort of re-imposing control, retrospectively, by telling their story. With the women, it was not that at all. The women had just kept their mouths open and their eyes shut.’

But that wasn’t all. Beevor also interviewed many more senior commanders. They often lived an astonishingly long time – Molotov, the Soviet Foreign Minister, didn’t fall of his perch until 1986 – and as such those in close proximity to the Fuhrer were open, ish, to share their memories. Obviously the problem with that is that they would usually have been witness to evil ongoings. But, as Beevor cautions, ‘I’ve interviewed a few, for example the SS telephonist Rochus Misch, who had been in the bunker. Now he’d been in the SS Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler [panzer division], and the reason he was the telephonist is because he’d had fairly bad wounds and had been given that as an easy job.

‘But I wasn’t going to go into what he had been involved in on the Eastern Front, because I was trying to find out what he’d been doing in the bunker. If I’d gone into the Eastern Front business he’d have clammed up straightaway. You’ve just got to know for the core material if you like. You just want them to tell the story as if you were their grandson or something like that. There were some disturbing moments. I mean of course one or two members of the staff of Paulus at Stalingrad, for example, the way that Russian prisoners kept within the encirclement were given no food at all and reduced to cannibalism, and the degree when they said ‘I know nothing of this’, you start wondering who was responsible. I don’t think it was Paulus directly, it was more likely his Chief of Staff Schmidt giving those sorts of orders, knowing perfectly well what Hitler would say if they released those Russian prisoners because they didn’t have enough food to give them. And yet this was the most appalling of crimes.’

This inevitably creates an insuperable gulf for historians. They can read as much as they want. They can talk as much as they want. But whilst we can issue platitudes about horrors and crimes, we cannot even begin to comprehend the nature of what it would be like being, say, a German soldier trapped at Stalingrad, or a Jew at Auschwitz. Beevor acknowledges this. ‘Well I’m not suggesting the historian should sort of work yourself into the role. I think that if you have immersed yourself sufficiently in the documentation it still has its effects. I mean for months afterwards, and it still very occasionally hits me, every six months or something, I look at a plate of food and think what that would have meant to however many people in  Stalingrad. And then, you know, the horrors visited on civilians caught in the middle. And it’s not all that long ago. People are still alive!’

Still alive and, barely believably, still talking the same old crapulence. In fact Beevor shows me some stuff he’s been sent from antisemitic lunatics. This is a rather good one,  educating us in the conspiracy of VAT, Europe, sexual deviance (‘they’re often very frustrated’ twinkles Beevor) and, inevitably, Jews. Despite the weridos, however, Beevor is optimistic about future atrocities.  He thinks that it probably won’t happen again. But then again, it was not so very long ago.

Tuition fees policy changes again

0
The government’s stance on the ongoing issue of tuition fees has changed again, potentially inconveniencing prospective students.The White Paper, published in late June, outlined plans to take 20,000 student places from across the university system as a whole. Institutions with average annual tuition fees of less than £7,500 will then be able to bid for these places.

However, these plans were announced after many institutions had announced their 2012 fees. In light of this new policy, 28 universities have now requested to reduce their annual fees to this limit of £7,500 or less. The institutions have until Friday 4th November to submit their final fee proposals.

Some have seen this as a way to reduce fees, after more universities opted for the £9,000 maximum than were expected to. Oxford Brookes and other institutions, which were not in the Guardian’s list of the top 40 universities, had raised theirs to this maximum. Oxford University has not professed an interest in decreasing their rates; theirs, alongside Cambridge’s, still stands at the maximum of £9,000 per year.

The changes come at a time when UCAS is already in motion, and many prospective students are vying for these coveted university spaces. The deadline for Oxbridge, medicine and veterinary science has already passed. In these instances, the relevant universities must inform the candidates of any changes in their policy and then provide them with the option of sticking with their decision or switching to another choice. One Oxford applicant from Haberdashers’ Aske’s School for Girls says that “although Oxford’s fees have not been decreased, and I won’t be changing my choices, I can imagine how inconvenient this must be for some. I would hate to go through the entire process again!” In all other institutions the universities must directly contact the candidates and notify them of any changes, giving them the opportunity to alter their choices before the UCAS deadline of 15th January.

The White Paper also intends to allow universities to accept as many of the highest performing students they can attract, with A-Level grades of AAB or higher. Some fear that this will lead to a disproportionate number of arts courses, which are both cheaper to run and tend to have more stringent entry requirements.

 

‘Death of fun’ ongoing at Jesus

0
An email has been sent to all Jesus College undergraduates saying that tutors’ approval is needed for those who want to participate in activities outside of degree study. This is part of a new College ethos described by Jesus students as part of the “drive for five”, referring to the College’s aim to be ranked in the top five places of the Norrington Table.

Last October Cherwell reported that JCR members passed a motion to allow a week of mourning for the “death of fun” at their college, a motion which accused Senior Tutor Dr Alexandra Lumbers of using “scare tactics” to raise academic standards and to clamp down on extra-curricular activities in which the students participated.

Luke Eaton, Access and Academic Rep for the Jesus JCR Committee, said that “this has not, however, signalled the death of fun. Dr. Lumbers is an extremely diligent and hard working member of staff, about whom I have heard no complaint during my year as Access and Academic Rep. If anything I have always found her welcoming and open to my input. Jesus remains a place of fun and the friendliest college in the University.”

“We’re here primarily to do work- if you’re going to take on something huge then you need your tutors’ support. Dr. Lumbers isn’t looking to stop people from being blues- she’s looking to remind us why we applied here in the first place.”

Tom Rutland, OUSU Rep , commented that “it’s important that university life is rich and varied, and staff should remember that although academia forms the main part of the university experience, it should not form the entirety of it. Oxford University is not just the best place to continue your education beyond secondary school as an undergraduate, but its wide range of clubs and societies make it the best place to further current interests or develop new ones in sports, politics and creative arts.That being said, students should obviously focus on their work in this unique place of academic excellence.”

He went on to detail how “the initial reaction to the changes made to the by-laws by Governing Body has been quite negative, and we feel students were not properly listened to”, but said that the JCR Committee “are yet to see many people affected by these changes, which is reassuring. Jesus prides itself in its involvement throughout university-wide societies. “

Ollie Capehorn, Treasurer of the Jesus JCR, stated that “although some of the measures and policies are prima facie a little heavy handed, and an uncomfortable step towards to micro managing the lives of undergraduates, I know that Dr Lumbers is well-intentioned. Jesus is still a great place to be, and many enjoy a considerable extra-curricular schedule. Fun is by no means dead yet.”

One third year undergraduate at the college who wishes to remain anonymous reflected on last year’s motion, saying that the JCR body “thought that it had all blown over” since the week of mourning last October, but that the email from Lumbers “has ignited it all again”.

He went on to state that “I don’t think that the character of the college has changed enormously….but it’s certainly on the way to doing so…college can try as hard as you like to make people work forty or fifty hours a week, but we’re still university students, after all.”

He described himself as “one of the worst” for taking on activities outside of degree study.

Dr Lumbers was unavailable for comment on the email or on the views of undergraduates.

 

Review: Mammals

0

The only thing I’d heard about ‘Mammals’ before going to see it was something along the lines of: ‘a six-year old fingers herself on stage.’’ You could question why I then proceeded to buy a ticket, but remember that they give away free ones to reviewers and I was quite intrigued, if not excited. Anyway, I was pleasantly surprised. Very little gratuitous masturbation, and a great deal of good acting.

Although ‘Mammals’ loosely follows the basic overused plotline of a couple tired out by domestic life looking for some kind of excitement, whether it be sex with the husband’s best friend, or falling in love with the woman at work, this production was closer to Pinter’s ‘Betrayal’ than a belligerent criticism of life with a wife and kids. The actors kept the lines punchy and funny throughout the play, whilst retaining a sense of each character’s vulnerability. The script was undoubtedly good to start with, but did contain a few gaping traps that the actors nicely avoided.

The opening scene where Jane, the harassed mother, smacks one of her daughters did not leave you wanting to call Childline, but sympathising with the horrors of motherhood. The increasing sexual curiosity of Jessie, and the tension this creates with her father, felt like genuine naivety as opposed to an uncomfortable seduction by a Freudian baby prostitute. And, despite the fact that the set up for the unravelling of the plot was a series of confessions between different character pairings, the ‘oh-my-god-this-is-a-dramatic-Fight-Club-confession-moment’ was mostly avoided.

My favourite thread that ran through these big, dramatic adult conversations was Jessie’s: ‘’Do you have a hairy fanny?’’ Her mother answers this earnestly and frankly in the same way she responds to: ‘’is there any milk left?’’, her father (although asked a slightly tailored question for realism’s sake) proceeds to do the same, and finally Lorna, the over-sexed under-worked bag designer, seeing Jessie innocently pleasuring herself on the cupboard corner, replies in a drawling Jessica Rabbit tone: ‘’No darling.’’

Because the acting is so strong, ‘Mammals’ lives up to the idea suggested by its title. This is not a play with a laboured point about modern society, but a depiction of the clash between our impulsive, instinctual nature and our very human desire for monogamy. Although the production offers a more sophisticated analysis of this conflict than Bloodhound Gang, the drama of the play stems from the same premise, ‘You and me baby ain’t nothing but mammals/So let’s do it like they do on the discovery channel.’’

4 STARS

All (Partially Built) Roads Lead To Rio

0

In 1950, the Brazilian nation was left in a state of shock as little known Uruguay produced one of the biggest upsets in the history of world football by emerging triumphant over the hosts in the FIFA World Cup Final. Back then the Maracana was being built in a rush but crucially made it on time. Now, over 60 years later, the rush is on once again as Brazil aims to avoid another public humiliation.

• Infrastructure

With Brazil hosting the FIFA World Cup Finals in 2014 and the Olympic Games in 2016, the country has a unique opportunity to modernise its antiquated infrastructure, be it from roads to railways and airports to airfields. For example, Rio de Janeiro has plans in place for the construction of 26km of transit bus corridors. Nonetheless, all 12 cities chosen to stage matches, which have among them nine airport redevelopments, are well behind schedule. Infraero, a state owned agency dating back to the country’s military dictatorship, has been inefficient for years and has failed to invest substantially in airport upgrades. Equally, disputes over land ownership and lengthy discussions between the government and contractors have blighted the progress on stadia. Quick fixes may be the solution.

• Logistics

Staging any competition in a country the size of Brazil is a joyless task for the organising committee. For some teams, depending on the outcome of the draw for the Group Stages, it could spell thousand of miles of travelling in between games. And whilst plans were originally in place to divide the groups by regions, this idea was eventually dropped due to the extreme differences in temperature. In mid July to early June, winter is far more noticeable in the south than it is in the north. Furthermore, it has been argued that the competition format is overblown and that the construction of a stadium for example in Manaus, in the heart of the Amazon, is designed to draw in more tourists than fans.

• High-Level Corruption 

Since taking office in January, Dilma Rousseff’s presidency has been overshadowed by the resignations of five high profile ministers involving allegations of corruption. The latest resignation, only last week, came in the form of Orlando Silva, Brazil’s Sports Minister. However the problems go deeper, as Rousseff is at odds over public financing decisions with the Confederação Brasileira de Futebol and, in particular, its President Ricardo Teixeira. Teixeira has been blamed for neglecting Brazil’s domestic football structure and for promoting his own personal ambitions that have complicated preparations. All in all, a lack of credibility at the top, transparency over costs and the failure to keep to FIFA deadlines has left a bitter taste in the mouths of many Brazilian fans as well as journalists.

• Strikes

Earlier this year, the former legendary Brazilian striker Romário stated in an interview in the Folha de São Paulo that, “If [Jesus] comes back to Earth sometime in the next three years, then [staging the FIFA World Cup] will be possible.” Recent strikes and the prospect of further strikes, prompted by rising wage inflation, is the last thing that organisers need. In June, workers at the stadium in Belo Horizonte walked out, demanding higher wages and improved conditions on all of the construction sites around the country. The fear is that if negotiations between the Brazilian syndicates and the FIFA World Cup contractors break down, then there’s a genuine possibility of a general strike by workers on all stadia across the country in 2012.

• Human Rights 

Whilst the endearing hope is that both the FIFA World Cup and Olympic Games will have a long lasting effect on people’s lives in addition to the environment, in the short term, concerns are continuing to grow over the number of allegations emerging over human rights violations, namely forced displacements and evictions. Slum dwellers in Rio de Janeiro as well as a host of other cities have reacted angrily to be being forcefully relocated to make room for stadia and surrounding sites. Given that Dilma Rousseff is still in the early days of her Presidency, she has an opportunity to bring about change when it comes to protecting the vulnerable people in Brazil’s society – an issue that she has publicly declared an interest in pursuing.

• Complacency

Brazil has always had a very distinct style on the pitch and it seems that the same can be said when it comes to its preparations for the FIFA World Cup Finals. Despite the country being aware of the impact of hosting such a global event and that preparations would force the nation into a radical overhaul of both the infrastructure and society as a whole, more than four years after being awarded the competition, Brazil has little to show for it. The decision to relax normally strict rules on building and managing publicly funded projects has led to rampant cost escalation, something which incidentally occurred when Brazil last hosted a major competition, namely the Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro in 2007.

With meetings scheduled over planned strikes and new FIFA deadlines in place, 2012 has all the hallmarks of being a make or break year for the Latin American nation. Questions remain as to whether the country will shine or continue to be associated with structural inadequacy and corruption. Whatever the outcome, the country will be hoping that come 12th June 2014, and the opening game at Corinthians new stadium in Itaquera, it’ll be alright on the night.

Twitter: @aleksklosok