Wednesday 4th June 2025
Blog Page 1896

The Savage Poet

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‘What a sad paradox, thought Amalfitano. Now even bookish pharmacists are afraid to take on the great, imperfect, torrential works, books that blaze paths into the unknown. They choose the perfect exercises of the great masters.’

This quotation from ‘2666’ defines the work of Chilean Roberto Bolaño: submersion in the unmanageable, the feared and uncontrollable rather than the exquisite.

The black-and-white stills of Bolaño freeze the author mid-cigarette in his round glasses, wearing a shrewd beetlish expression: dishwasher and vagrant, traveler and poet, dead in 2003 at the age of fifty from liver complications, ostensibly from his hedonist bohemian adventures. It was four years after his death that Bolaño began to garner attention in the Anglophone literary world with the English publication of his ‘Savage Detectives’, a polyvocal literary manifesto. This reputation was cemented in 2008 with the obliquely named ‘2666’, widely regarded as not only Bolaño’s masterpiece, but – hyperbolically, one might assume – one of the masterpieces of the late twentieth early twenty-first century.

‘2666’ is constructed in five parts which share two spiritual centers: the search for a mysterious and obscure German novelist named Benno von Archimboldi, and the search for the answer to the unstinting femicide in the Mexican desert city of Santa Teresa, a stand in for the real violence in the border city of Ciudad Juarez.

Could the comparisons with Cervantes, Proust, Musil and Joyce be awarded purely on the basis of size? (‘2666’ clocks in at just under 900 pages.) But no, the book lives up to its hype – spanning a century, both hemispheres, the safe and imperiled, civilization and savagery. At the base of this rich and dense novel are Bolaño’s perennial themes: fear, estrangement, and the surreal nature of reality. ‘2666’ is sprawling, epic, a Borgesian garden of forking paths which at any point might converge or split. It, like Bolaño’s other novels, gives voice to madmen and lovers, hysterics and vagrants, men and women who daily defy obliteration.

His debut ‘The Skating Rink’, released this year in paperback, brief and much narrower in scope than Bolaño’s later works, contains the seeds which will ripen and be returned to: possession and loss, culpability and unexpected communion, characters who are helpless to oppose fate, to rouse themselves and defy the unnamable, unavoidable delirium. In ‘The Skating Rink’, three male narrators – a petty government official, a middle-aged opportunist, and a wandering poet – take turns narrating the strange story of an ice rink built in an abandoned palace in a Spanish seaside town and the subsequent murder it houses. But don’t be afraid of ‘The Skating Rink’ being one of the ‘perfect exercises of the great masters’; it isn’t. But it is a warm-up act for what was to come.

To offer a pop culture reference, like Desmond in the second series of Lost, who saved Dickens’ ‘Our Mutual Friend’ in order to leave himself some comfort in his last hours, I struggle between wanting to read all of Bolaño’s novels in succession, and spacing them out. Despite his publishers promising a stream of translations to come, it is unavoidable that at some point the fountain will be sealed up. We are left with the finite, and yet Bolaño’s novels (at least the ones I’ve read) pursue the fissure between finite living and infinity, between knowledge and guesswork, contradictory truths, and the surreal unknown. As the omniscient unembodied narrator says in ‘2666’, ‘Great scientists, great mathematicians, great chemists, and publishers knew that one was always feeling one’s way in the dark.’ Tracing that path is some consolation.

Review: Troilus and Cressida

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Judging from this preview, it’s hard to see why Troilus and Cressida is one of Shakespeare’s least known plays. It seems to have it all – fight scenes, star-crossed lovers, and many witty one-liners. But it was very rarely performed until the 20th century heralded a mini revival. Now director Rafaella Marcus leads a talented team of actors who bring these characters to life and give the play the performance it deserves.

It takes place during the Trojan War, as political disputes amongst the Greeks are balanced by the love blossoming in Troy between gallant Prince Troilus and the smitten but shy Cressida. In the Greek camp, Lucy Fyffe shines as the scheming Ulysses, with her careful and measured diction making sure that her long monologues keep the audience’s attention. Chris Adams and Charlotte Salkind are excellent as the young lovers, utterly convincing both in joy and in the face of utter disaster. Richard Hill steals the show with a hilarious portrayal of Cressida’s interfering, bawdy uncle. The comedy that ensues when he is onstage only heightens the tragedy that later follows, when Cressida is forced to go to the Greek camp as slave to Diomedes in exchange for a prisoner of war.

The production gives Shakespeare some interesting twists, including the regendering of Ulysses and Aeneas, which helps them stand out in the otherwise all-male Greek camp, and the addition of a chorus, giving the play an appropriate air of the Greek tragedy. A brilliant production of an excellent play: how better to fill 3rd week?

Review: The Red and the Black

3rd-5th February
Mansfield College Chapel
8pm

A famous film director once said that all good stories could be summed up by a simple plot: boy meets girl. However when the ‘boy’ in question is Julien Sorel, a carpenter’s son from the provincial town of Verrières devoured by his desire for social climbing, and the women are M. de Rénal and Mlle de la Mole, the story takes an interesting twist. It is Stendhal’s famous novel ‘The Red and the Black’ adapted by Tara Burton and directed by Julia Hartley. They explain that the bold idea of this adaptation came up over a conversation on Skype. A decision was quickly made to challenge themselves with what is considered one of the major classics of French literature. Their goal was to demystify such a text, strip it of the aura of complexity and lengthiness, show the true colour of what is an extremely entertaining adventure.

So there it is. You are immersed in the religious silence of the Mansfield chapel, dark at first. The stage has been placed centrally so that the aaudience surrounds it and is connected to the action throughout. The setting is exciting, but a question springs in one’s head: how will it be possible to stage the presence of such a strong narrator as Stendhal? Magically, he materialises to introduce the first scene. He will take you by the hand and physically pull you into a world where all are looking for what they can’t have. The trick works.

You are involved by the energetic Jordan Waller (Stendhal) who skilfully mimics improvises (mimics) many characters and swirls around the stage involving the audience in a flamboyant game worthy of the best commedia dell’arte. While Julien Sorel (Michael Brooks), Mlle de la Mole (Becky Moore), M. de Rénal (Abi Rees) battle through the social codes weighing on them, we are taken to the whirl of events that simply make life itself: the desire for love, power, revenge, until the crucial turning point arrives. Julien faces his destiny: finally the red fire of passion ends in a flash of black.

So let us sit down, relax, and enjoy this entertaining story of a society crumbling apart. Yes, Mesdames et messieurs, you have been served a deliciously shaken and stirred Stendhal’s finest, and you won’t look at the French novel lying in your dusty bookshelf with the same eyes again.

A new start for Tunisia

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On the morning of December 17th 2010 Mohammed Bouazizi went to work. He left his house in good spirits and set up his fruit stall in Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia. Bouazizi was a graduate in a nation where youth unemployment and corruption had led him to regularly bribing the police, who refused to grant him trading permits. On December 17th the police confiscated Bouazizi’s stall. In an act of suicidal protest, Bouazizi set himself alight. His desperation and dissent antagonised anger and rebellion in Tunisia’s youth. By January 9th 2011 protests had encouraged action from labour movements, rural workers and online activists. Although the government attempted to quell the protests through concessions, anger mounted until January 14th, when the 23 year rule of President Zein al-Abidine Ben Ali came to an end.

In January, 180,000 British tourists were in Tunisia. Although it is no diplomatic secret that Mr Ben Ali’s regime was one of the most autocratic in the Arab world, it would shock tourists to hear how greatly Tunisia relied on tourism for political security. European nations promoted Mr Ben Ali’s Tunisia, naming the dictator a ‘friend of the West’ despite his corruption. Mr Ben Ali’s election in 2009 was verified by the UK and other nations although the US claims that no officials had been allowed to observe the ballot. The US has been vocal in its support of the protestors, who the White House praised for their “courage and dignity”, whilst Europe called for electoral reform. Many journalists remain cynical, believing that the autocratic nature of Tunisia will never change. This will not inhibit the expectations of citizens, hopeful that the collective action of protests will permanently change the nature of Tunisia.

Six other youths across the Arab world have now mimicked the actions of Bouazizi, setting themselves alight to attract attention to their causes. The nature of Bouazizi’s action was not that he caused change but that he became the public embodiment of dissent. It is claimed that Mr Ben Ali’s rule gained its longevity as a result, in part of his connection with the West, but mainly due to the fear inflicted upon Tunisia’s people. Bouazizi’s choice removed much of that fear, and as Khalaf argued, “a regime that rules by fear loses its balance once that wall of fear crumbles.”

In Tunisia it took extreme actions from one man to being to crumble that wall, and others will no doubt stand tall to any battering ram, however the availability of information could slowly begin to bore through. The attention and support of the West for citizens, the open publication of critique of autocratic governments and the disobedience of citizens would not necessarily disassemble regimes but it may help to provide a route to organise opposition effectively. There is hope that the revolt in Tunisia will spark protests and raise awareness throughout the world of the injustices which citizens of autocratic states face in order that no such sacrificial or violent means must be employed to grant citizens the rights which they deserve.

Hopes for a future of freedom ring out in Tunisia as it enters a three day period of mourning for the fallen. Hopes for those living in autocratic states are also needed now, not just that rights can be obtained or held onto, but that Bouazizi’s sacrifice will not often have to be repeated to gain the momentum citizens need in striving for their freedom.

Stick or Twist?

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OUT: R. Hodgson IN: K. Dalglish. OUT: A. Grant? IN: […] OUT: G. Houllier? IN: […]
N.B. Please fill in the blanks as appropriate.

The month of January is notorious for the sales. No, not for the 50% off latest mens’ fashions at Harrods (although it has to be said that it looks pretty tempting!) but in footballing terms for, as Sky Sports will have you know, the January ‘Lets stalk every football player and manager in the country’ Transfer Window. While some clubs are often tempted to part with silly money in search of panic buys, others desperately cling on to their prized assets. Yet for some managers in the Barclays Premier League, their one prevailing wish will be to remain in their jobs until the end of the season. With sixteen games or so to go, the pressure is just as high at the top of the table as it is at the bottom. While the ‘Big Five’ all go in search of trophies and European Football of some description, it is at the bottom where the story is really unfolding – that of a potentially epic relegation battle.

It is fair to say that with just over half of the season gone, the Barclays Premier League has been just about as difficult to predict as FIFA voting for Qatar to host the 2022 World Cup. As things stand, the bottom six Barclays Premier League clubs, from West Ham United to Fulham, are separated by just three points – remarkable, seeing as at this stage of the season one club is usually already cut adrift from the rest of the pack. Of the clubs down at the bottom, the most surprising names to appear are that of Aston Villa and West Ham. At Villa Park, Gerrard Houllier inherited a gifted squad of players from his predecessor Martin O’Neill, including the likes of the powerful centre-back Richard Dunne, the lively wingers Ashley Young and Stewart Downing and the ever-promising Gabriel Agbonlahor. Similarly at Upton Park, Avram ‘Uncle Fester’ Grant, despite the large mass of mediocrity in the squad, has crucially managed to keep hold of his star players, namely goalkeeper Robert Green, centre-back Matthew Upson and inspirational midfielder Scott Parker. However, when it comes to the crunch, marquee names are all well and good but results are what count and at the minute neither manager is managing to achieve these. Sparked off by Roy Hodgson’s departure from Liverpool to be replaced by ‘King’ Kenny Dalglish, it is arguably at these two clubs in particular where the managerial axe may well be swung next, with the latter in far deeper trouble than the former.

Ever since his appointment at the beginning of the season, Avram Grant has not only cut a despondent figure but has come under scrutiny regarding his managerial career. Of course one can feel a degree of sympathy towards him not only given the constant media frenzy surrounding his future but by the highly unprofessional behaviour of owners Gold and Sullivan who prefer to carry out their private business in the public domain. Nonetheless, his managerial record, a poor one at that, does not lie. Yes, he guided Chelsea to a runner-up finish in the Champions League Final, but how much of that was of his own doing? Last year he took Portsmouth to a somewhat unpredictable FA Cup Final appearance but his team spent the whole season in the relegation zone. Since his time in charge at the Hammers, his transfer dealings have been less than impressive and only once has he managed to guide them out of the drop zone. At this moment in time the margins are extremely tight but can West Ham United really afford to take such a big gamble with Grant in charge? While in the short term the focus is staying in the Barclays Premier League, the long term goal is to move from Upton Park to the Olympic Stadium in the East-End of London following the 2012 Olympic Games. With stiff competition from Tottenham Hotspur, who are growing in stature with every day that goes by, a West Ham United stuck in the Npower Championship would put a serious spanner in the works. There’s no two ways about it: Grant is a dead man walking currently living off borrowed time. Tradition aside, the question for now is, with such outspoken chairmen and a less than certain future ahead of them, which manager would be mad enough to step in and take over the reins at Upton Park?

The situation is rather different at Villa Park for Mr Houllier. Like Grant, many were dubious about his appointment but others maintained that he was a safe pair of hands – now where have we heard that one before, Roy? In all honesty it was always going to be a difficult task to replace the enigmatic O’Neill. However, rather bizarrely, the Aston Villa board, if recent reports are to be believed, are prepared to dig deep into their pockets, more so than they were prepared to do under O’Neill. The board have publicly stated their confidence in Houllier and it seems unlikely that he will be up for the chop any time soon. Nevertheless, the pressing question for the Villains fans is does Houllier have the ability to attract four or five quality players to the club? And can he do so without spending crazy amounts of money? Relegation is unthinkable and if their bitter rivals Birmingham City and West Bromwich Albion survive not only will they have to face the taunts from the Brummies, but we’ll become even more accustomed to see Adrian Chiles gloating on our TV screens! If they do get out of the relegation battle, which they really should do with the squad they have on paper, to them it’ll feel like being crowned Miss Stevenage – they’ll know that there’s hotter talent elsewhere but they’ll come to accept their title as ‘The Best Worst’ or ‘The Worst Best’ in their part of the world.

The club with perhaps the biggest uphill task to try and stay in the Barclays Premier League is Wigan. There’s no doubt that in Spaniard Roberto Martinez they have a talented manager, as his exploits at Swansea City showed. However, you feel that whenever they are without the likes of defender Maynor Figueroa, midfielder Charles N’Zogbia and Colombian striker Hugo Rodallega, in particular, they do they look a bit lightweight in all departments. Furthermore, to some they are seen as a stepping stone for players to then go on to play for a bigger club, as highlighted by the case of Wilson Palacios’s departure to Tottenham Hotspur. Thus, if they are to have any chance of survival it is absolutely paramount that they hold on to their prized assets. Lose them and the uphill task becomes a monumental struggle. Yet out of all the teams in the Barclays Premier League, they are the most difficult to predict – to put it simply they are the Jekyll and Hyde of the League. In this league the key is consistency and you feel that if Wigan, or any other club for that matter, can generate a run of wins then their relegation fears will be substantially eased.

Of course one cannot disregard any other clubs from being dragged into the relegation scrap. The most likely candidates at this moment in time being West Bromwich Albion, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Birmingham City and Fulham – unthinkable for the latter given last year’s remarkable performance in the League and, especially, Europa Cup. What these clubs may lack in quality, they gain in sharing a fighting spirit which stems directly from their battle hardened managers off the pitch. Of course team spirit and desire should always be a prerequisite of any team, but with the type of spirit shown and if strikers at the aforementioned clubs can find their goal scoring form, it is certainly feasible that they may give themselves a fighting chance of staying up. That’s not to say that the likes of Blackpool or Blackburn Rovers are in the clear just as yet. Both clubs will still be cautiously looking over their shoulders with an eye on the bottom and, who knows, a streak of losses compiled by injuries to key players and both could yet start to slowly slide down the table. As the saying goes, ‘you’re never too good to go down’ as Newcastle United fans know oh so well. So fans of Aston Villa and West Ham United: you’ve been warned.

With eighty managers currently out of work, according to the latest list published by the League Managers Association, the majority of whom are champing at the bit to get back into football, chairmen thinking of shuffling the pack cannot complain of being short on options. Among those in the frame for potential jobs are Sam Allardyce, Alan Curbishley and Martin O’Neill. All boast a wealth of managerial experience yet all have their potential pitfalls. While Big Sam has a proven track-record of keeping clubs in the Barclays Premier League, his style of ‘anti-football’ attracts heavy criticism from some quarters. Year after year Curbishley safely managed to keep Charlton afloat in the FA Premiership, as it was known then, but having been out of the game for a long period of time, would he be ready to step into the breach at such a pivotal time? Down the years O’Neill has performed brilliantly at every club he has worked at, producing exciting and inventive football, but his demands for large transfer kitties combined with his reluctance to leap into any managerial decision may be off-putting for some chairmen.

So as we approach the end of January, with the transfer window merry-go-round set to whip up into a frenzy, vital decisions are to be made and managerial jobs are potentially to be had prompting the question on every football fans lips: which Barclays Premier League club will be the next to pull the trigger in this topsy-turvy game of managerial Russian Roulette?

The origins of Heinz

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A memory of my first Michaelmas term last year springs to mind whenever I stroll through the canned goods aisle in a supermarket here in Oxford, whether it be Sainsbury’s or Tesco or Marks and Spencer. No matter the store, there are always cans of Heinz baked beans – the subject of one of the many intense debates about nothing my friends and I have been caught up in.

During that initial term, the friends I’d made in Oxford would continually be surprised by my knowledge – or lack thereof – of British brands. Speaking in an American tongue, one doesn’t mention McVitie’s much, or jabber on about Jaffa Cakes or Jammy Dodgers. Fondant fancies were a beautiful mystery, as were custard and bourbon creams.

Because I continually seemed ignorant of such delicacies, one of my friends, with great seriousness (though perhaps a bit of sarcasm as well) asked one afternoon whether we ate Heinz baked beans in America. Of course, I said we had Heinz, though I wasn’t sure about baked beans – after all, Heinz was an American company, wasn’t it?

Little did I realize that such an offhand statement could spark such uproar as followed. An argument quickly ensued, as I was told that in fact Heinz was a British company, how could it not be? I countered, saying that the manufacturer of fifty-seven delicious varieties was certainly located in my homeland. As Oxford students do, we consulted Wikipedia in search of the truth, for a final ruling in my favour.

Every time I see that logo now, especially when splashed across a can of beans someone will buy to make that quintessentially British dish of beans on toast, I remember that one small triumph for the American tongue. Sometimes, it’s not the disputes over politics or religion or other solemn matters that stick with you; it’s when discussing baked beans that I’m glad to have been speaking in an American tongue.

A Blizzard or a Blip?

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Living in Connecticut, it’s not uncommon to spend the winter in a snowy haze, with the first flurries arriving in late October or early November and subsequent showers and storms keeping the ground covered in a white blanket until the first signs of spring appear in March.

How thick that blanket is varies every year; in ninth grade, I don’t recall there ever being more than six inches on the ground at any given time. On the other hand, the winters I was eleven and sixteen that amount was the bare minimum, with multiple stretches of constant snowfall and temperatures holding steady below freezing for months on end.

When murmurs of a coming snowstorm crept into the classroom, fervent hope for a snow day followed. At the very least, a delay or an early dismissal was hoped for. To increase the chances of these events, there were several rituals one could carry out – sleeping with your pajamas inside out, or with a wooden spoon beneath your pillow, or performing a ‘snow dance’; even older students might engage in these practices.

However, the closing of a school was subject to there being a sufficient amount of snow; a few inches would never have been enough to warrant such action. Rather, half a foot or more had to be expected and anything less would have been a disappointment.

Growing up this way, it still amazes me that here in Britain, just a few inches can shut down what seems like an entire nation. Granted, New York City didn’t exactly come through the recent Christmas blizzard with flying colours, but in some regions around the metropolitan area, nearly two feet of snow covered the ground. In contrast, it seems here as if one-tenth of that amount leads the nation to grind to a halt.

Maybe it’s better this way; people seem to appreciate snow more when they welcome less of it. Oxford’s idea of a blizzard is my hometown’s idea of a passing blip. But remembering the excitement caused by the flurries and flakes, and writing this now with the knowledge that at home the latest blizzard has already dropped 18 inches and shows no signs of slowing, I wouldn’t have it any other way.

Welfare attracts condom-nation

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A Cherwell study into the variety of sex-related items that are freely available from college welfare budgets has produced some startling results, and provoked shock among some students.

The study found that in addition to the expected appearance of Durex condoms and pregnancy tests, many colleges also provide items such as flavoured and dotted pleasure enhancing condoms, as well as dental dams and lubricant.

Worcester and New College are among the few colleges which make dotted condoms freely available to their undergraduate students. Worcester also supply ribbed condoms.

Aidan Hempson-Jones, male Welfare Rep for New College, confirmed that “All our dotted and flavoured condoms are provided for free by OUSU.”

He defended the JCR’s decision to supply pleasure stimulating condoms, saying, “Anything that promotes safe sex is obviously good. Having dotted and ribbed condoms makes it more likely that people will come and get condoms from us, and therefore more likely that they are having safe sex, so that is a good thing.

“People tend to go for Durex over the flavoured or dotted OUSU Pasante ones anyway, as they trust the brand more.”

Colleges which provide flavoured condoms include New College, Pembroke, St Anne’s, Corpus Christi and St Hugh’s. At least 15 colleges provide lubricant and at least 13 provide dental dams.

Flavoured condoms are provided to Colleges for free from OUSU.
Fred MacMillan, Male Welfare Rep of Pembroke, said “I don’t think flavoured condoms are necessarily a bad thing. Ironically, regular condoms are actually more popular – we over bought on flavoured condoms, actually.

“It is good to give people the option of flavoured condoms. By welfare providing them, people who would go out and buy them anyway, so we are helping students.”

However, the distribution of these pleasure enhancing has met with concern from some students.

Members of the Newman Society, Oxford University’s Catholic Society, have expressed concern that JCR and University welfare budgets are being spent on such “recreational” items as ribbed condoms.

Emeric Jean Montford, a past president of the Newman Society, said, “It is only right and proper that colleges should have officers who ensure that the spread of STIs is prevented by using the appropriate contraception devices.

“Beyond that, I do not think that welfare is for recreational purposes. I would be quite unhappy to learn that JCR or University money is being used to promote items such as flavoured condoms and lubricant,” Montford continued.

“The role of OUSU is to promote the welfare of students, not to promote sex. OUSU is supposed to be neutral and should not promote one lifestyle as preferable to another.”

Tom Perry, OUSU VP for Welfare, defended their supply of pleasure enhancing sex items, saying that the responsibility lies with JCRs.
“It is up to Common Rooms to decide what they should spend their money on, and this would usually be decided in the Common Room Meetings.”

“However the various forms of Pasante condoms OUSU provides, including the flavoured and ribbed condoms, are free and lubricant is an essential part of safe sex for many Oxford students.”

Only a handful of colleges provide emergency contraception; among these are St John’s and St Edmund Hall which reimburse students for the morning after pill.

Yaqoob Bangosh, a member of Oxford’s Catholic community, warned that “there has to be a clear line drawn where contraception becomes abortion.”

Hubert MacGreevey, current Social Secretary of Newman Society, sees OUSU’s distribution of flavoured condoms as “immature and silly.”

He said, “OUSU do a lot of good things for student welfare and I support them in this. Frankly, giving out flavoured condoms does not surprise me, as OUSU are not exactly the most socially conservative body.

“I fundamentally disagree with their social liberal policies, and flavoured condoms are one manifestation of that.

“And as for dotted condoms, OUSU probably think they are being very kind to the students saying ‘Oh, you enjoy yourself having sex.’ I do care that sex is being abused, and turned into a commodity.”

Some welfare reps told Cherwell of the problems relating to distribution of sex-related items they have been experiencing.
The Male Welfare Rep of Corpus Christi explained how the College now provides Durex condoms, following complaints from JCR members about the quality of the free OUSU Condoms, in particular that they tended to slip off during sex.

Tom Perry, OUSU VP for Welfare and Equal Opportunities, distanced OUSU such problems, and assured students that “All of OUSU’s Welfare supplies are bought from reputable companies or, in the case of the Pasante condoms, provided to us by the NHS.”

Fred MacMillan, Welfare Rep from Pembroke, told Cherwell that they received complaints from the SCR about the placement of a condom in this year’s Freshers Packs.

He said, “There was a problem in Freshers Week when we were told by the Home Bursar that it was a bad idea to put condoms in the Freshers Pack. We were told that it was insensitive to put a condom in every pack, so we should not do this in future.”

MacGreevey commented, “Putting a condom in Freshers packs is shocking and unnecessary. It is like saying that part of the Freshers Week experience is getting laid.

“I think its regrettable that intelligent people, welcoming young people who are also supposed to be intelligent, send the message that part of the enjoyment of this week is to have loads of sex. I do think that inappropriate and insensitive.”

Entry clamp down for foreign students

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The government has proposed a series of changes to the current student visa system, making it more difficult for international students and their dependants to enter the UK and remain here beyond the duration of their course.

If the proposal is passed, the new system will have a host of repercussions for the thousands of international students at Oxford.
About 14 percent of undergraduate students and 63 percent of full-time postgraduates at Oxford come from outside the UK.

In a report issued by the UK Border Agency, Home Secretary Theresa May said, “In recent years, the system as a whole has been allowed to operate in a manner which is not sustainable.

“Unchecked migration can place significant pressure on our public services and can damage community cohesion if not properly managed”.

Some current Oxford students have questioned whether they would have decided to study in the UK had these regulations been in place when they applied.

“I think this will affect people’s decision to come to the UK,” said Weige Wu, a third-year Singaporean undergraduate reading PPE at Queens College. These changes give the impression that the UK is not welcoming to foreigners—and coming to a foreign country, that impression matters.”

The Border Agency’s report suggests imposing a higher minimum standard of English language proficiency.

Deeksha Sharma, who came from India for her DPhil in Law at Exeter College, recognised that poor English skills can hinder a student’s ability to integrate fully.

“International students tend to be proficient in academic English, but if their spoken English is a problem, they are not effectively a part of social life,” she said.

This measure could mean that potential Oxford students would have to take an expensive and redundant test, since Oxford expects successful candidates to demonstrate a higher level of English than the government would require.

However, the Border Agency is considering excusing students at highly accredited institutions from some of the requirements, in recognition of these institutions’ stringent admissions standards and in the interest of attracting the most able students.

Another provision calls for tighter restrictions on international students applying for two degrees in the UK. Students could be required to return home between degrees and apply from overseas.
Foreign students would also have to demonstrate that the second degree is at a higher level than the first.

This could cause trouble for students intending to undertake a second Masters’ or undergraduate degree at Oxford.

At an OUSU meeting on Wednesday, students expressed concern that these restrictions would complicate the visa process, with unintended consequences for Oxford students.

“No one is going to do a Masters’ at Oxford just to stay in the UK,” said one graduate student.

The plan proposes to restrict or even close the popular two-year post-study work visa, which allows students to spend time after graduation looking for a job or engaging in further study.

“If you’re under pressure to find a job while you’re supposed to be studying for finals, you could end up shooting yourself in the foot,” said one graduate student.

The new system would also place tighter restrictions on students’ spouses and children, such as prohibiting them from working in the UK. It would limit international students’ ability to work during term-time, restricting them to on-campus jobs.

“Is the UK interested in the success of it students?” asked Daniel Ostendorff, an American DPhil student of History at St. Cross College. “Separating someone from their family causes emotional stress.
“If my wife couldn’t have come with me and have something purposeful to do, I wouldn’t have come here.”

Students have also questioned whether decreasing the number of fee-paying international students makes sense in light of cuts to university funding.

“I’m importing money into the UK economy,” said Ostendorff.
Some Oxford students, however, support more stringent requirements for immigration.

“The current system is detrimental to home students,” said Alexander Jack King, a first year student of Theology at Keble College. “To quote one of the greatest statesmen of all time, ‘British jobs for British workers.'” Gordon Brown’s slogan notwithstanding, one in six UK graduates is unemployed – the highest level in 17 years.

The University has voiced fears that “both the UK economy and the University will undoubtedly lose some of the best international students, as well as some incredibly skilled people as a result of the proposed changes.”

Julia Paolitto, a spokesperson for the University said, “There is a broad consensus throughout the education sector about the potential negative impact of some of these proposals.”

Cambridge dons in silent protest

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Academics in Cambridge held a three minute silence outside Senate House to protest against what some termed “destructive” changes to higher education in the UK.

Over 300 people attended the protest on Monday at midday, including tutors and support staff, many in their caps and gowns. Staff from Anglia Ruskin University were also present.

The protest was organised by CACHE, the Cambridge Academic Campaign for Higher Education, who described the “symbolic” protest as a “gesture of dignified opposition” to government policies. These include raising the cap on tuition fees to £9,000 a year, and the recent announcement that universities’ budgets would be cut by nearly £400m a year before they can begin to charge higher fees.

Many of those present were also dissatisfied with Cambridge University’s response. Jason Scott-Warren, a Senior Lecturer in English, said that, “The fact that our higher administration has largely endorsed the principles underpinning the Browne Review, and its stony silence in the face of recent cuts, exposes deep flaws in the way that this university functions, or fails to function, as a democratic institution.”

Vice Chancellor Professor Sir Leszek Borysiewicz called the changes “concerning” in his New Year address, but emphasised that, “even with a corresponding increase in fees, the costs of a Cambridge undergraduate education will still greatly exceed the income received to pay for it.”

Not all academics in attendance opposed Cambridge’s stance. Baron Rees of Ludlow, Master of Trinity College, commented, “I support the way the University has handled the situation and the Vice Chancellor’s Statement,” whilst also expressing his “concern that there is no money under the new system, especially for humanities.”

Sinéad Garrigan Mattar, a Fellow of Girton College and one of the organisers of the protest, said, “We thought it was important to show that […] students are not alone in their opposition to the dismantling of the public university.”

However, the reaction from Cambridge students to the academics’ action has been mixed.

Esther Harding, an Education & English student at Homerton, agreed that “it’s nice to know that the Dons actually give a damn.”

Nonetheless, she was sceptical about the effectiveness of the protests. “I spend that time in the bathroom cleaning my teeth in silence… but we’re all at a loss as to what else to do apart from suggesting that the dons go on a drunken rampage and smash a few buildings,” she said.

Ben Sharples, a student at Queen’s, was also cynical. “For Cambridge intellectuals revered for their powers of rational argument in speech and writing, simply shutting up for a bit is as illogical as it is ineffective,” he commented.

One second year was in agreement with the “different tone of protest”, and said that despite the fact that the silence wasn’t well publicised amongst students, “it is important that it was organised at all”.

The protest was also described by a member of CACHE as a “curtain-raiser” for the discussion that began on Tuesday in the don’s parliament, Regent House. It will consider whether the University has taken a strong enough stance against higher fees and national changes to higher education.

There has been a lack of similar action in Oxford. Academics from both universities were keen to stress that this was not due to differences between the two.

An Oxford University spokesperson told Cherwell that “Discussions are still very much ongoing about what the University will do when the reforms to higher education come into place for entry in 2012” in consultation with “All relevant committees and [the] Congregation as a whole.”

They added, “The University is committed to free speech and supports people’s right to protest and make their views heard.”

When asked by Cherwell whether the Oxford Education Campaign, the equivalent to CACHE, would be planning something similar, member Kit Jackson cited his opinion regarding the “largely practical issues” of coordinating Oxford dons.

Kate Tunstall, Fellow and Tutor in French at Worcester, who has been active in both the OEC and the Worcester College Against Cuts group said of last year’s protests, “UCL, Cambridge and others organised sustained occupations; the Oxford Education Campaign went for a short, sharp, spectacular, iconic occupation along the lines of the Italian students in Pisa, who occupied the Leaning Tower. It’s about having multiple tactics.”