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Brown’s Burden

It was revealed recently that in 1995 the US Secret Service had to rescue Boris Yeltsin from the kerb outside the White House after he got hammered and tried to flag down a cab wearing nothing but his pants. British politics has not generated as eccentric a character for some time but for those wanting to watch a politician discernibly in need of rescue one only had to watch the Prime Minister on GMTV a couple weeks ago.

The irony is that whilst he is hammered by the press at home, Brown is lauded abroad – indeed, he jetted off to the States to speak at the UN this week and while there he was presented with the World Statesman of the Year award. It’s such a disparity in domestic and international popularity that draws parallels with another figure from the pantheon of former Russian leaders; hailed as a statesman across the globe but reviled at home, Gorbachev can be best characterised as unwittingly orchestrating the downfall of a system he’d spent his lifetime defending.

Similarly, the PM is the architect of many of the problems he now faces; Labour made a case for public spending (or ‘investment’) when it entered office but the means for raising revenue were never commensurate with the sums spent. As a result the UK entered the recession with an already burgeoning budget deficit; a 25% collapse in tax revenues post-credit crunch looks set to push the deficit to £175bn. To put this in perspective, 1 pound in every 7 spent by the government will have to be borrowed and it is this harsh contraction in the amount of money the state has at its disposal to dole out that will form the backdrop against which the next election campaign is will be played out.

Now that it is conference season, the language of ‘difficult choices’ and ‘the c-word’ (cuts if you were wondering) echo around the chambers as delegates applaud uneasily. It already seems that disquiet from party members is behind Nick Clegg’s decision to row back from his previous call for ‘savage cuts’; the net effect of all this for the Lib Dems has unfortunately seen them credited for candour and criticised for being confused all in the space of a few days.

Back on the GMTV sofa, Brown was adamant that he would lead Labour into the next election. The worst-case scenario for Labour is also the most likely; plenty of leadership speculation but no coup. James Purnell is the man to watch, but his time is perhaps another general election away yet.

The received opinion then is that the next election is the Tories’ to lose. This very fact will put added pressures on Cameron and Osborne as they come up to the Conservative Party conference for theirs is almost the hardest task of all- much like a British tennis player 2 sets up, they simply have to keep their nerve and not fluff it. Whether they can rise to the challenge remains to be seen. One thing’s for sure though; the starting pistol for next election has been cocked and is being held aloft in expectation…

 

The graduate gap

The scientific community has known for years that we are facing a severe shortage of science graduates. If Britain is to keep up with the rest of the world, we need to increase the number of young people entering into industry and research – some estimate that we need to as much as double our output by 2014.

With science courses shutting down all over the country, and 25% of secondary schools teaching physics without a specialist teacher, it is no surprise that many are worried that research companies will start taking their business elsewhere. A surprise move from the Government to open up 10,000 new University places solely for maths and science students seems like a good idea – but is it all it seems?

As the recession drives down house prices, and forces businesses to shut up shop, it is having another, less obvious effect on the education sector. Thousands of worried students – both A-level and recent graduates – have chosen to try and sit out the recession by applying for university courses. This year, applications for undergraduate courses have risen by 10%, as more and more people come around to the idea that staying in education may be the best way to avoid a difficult job hunt.

At first glance, this might seem like the silver lining to the otherwise stormy cloud of the recession. After all, surely a better qualified population can only mean good things for the country’s future, right? Until Autumn, the Government agreed: after all, it aims to get 50% of all school leavers heading into higher education. However, when the figures were examined, it rapidly became apparent that the number of students qualifying for a full maintenance grant had been severely underestimated, leaving a hole of £200 million in the budget. The Government’s response to this was to limit the number of places that Universities could make available this year.

Soon however, a new problem arose. Estimates started to put the number of students who wouldn’t be able to get a place at University at all at 50000. Under increasing pressure from students and Universities alike, the Government has recently announced plans to provide 10,000 extra places – but with a catch: they will only be allocated to maths and science courses.

In theory, this move should be good for the country: and it seems to be working. The number of people applying for maths degrees has risen by 11%, this year, and applications for mechanical engineering is up by 19%. So far so good – but there is a slightly worrying side to this announcement.

Gordon Brown has told the Universities that the Government will provide the 10,000 students with tuition fee loans (as well as maintenance loans and grants), but that’s it. Normally, Universities get £6739 per student for those enrolled on a lab-based or engineering course on top of tuition fees, to pay for equipment and tutors. But if Universities are to offer these extra places, then they are effectively accepting a funding cut – the first in many years.

This seems to be typical of the Government’s general approach to science education. With secondary school curricula stripped down to the bare bones to make science “more interesting”, and several physics A-levels teaching very dubious oversimplifications so that those without maths A-level can understand it, it is no wonder that we don’t have enough scientists. The Government’s attempt to open up more science degree places has its heart in the right place, but without proper funding, Universities cannot be expected to offer tuition that competes with international institutions.

There is no doubt that we need to seriously need to look at the way that science is taught and promoted in this country. But the Government needs to realise that if it wants to have a workforce of qualified scientists, it has to invest in in its students first. It is no good having a generation of graduates that missed out on vital knowledge simply because there wasn’t enough funding to buy the right equipment. At the end of the day, the Government cannot half-heartedly commit to training its scientists: if it doesn’t want Britain to fall behind, it’s all or nothing.

 

A Fresher Look at Oxford

According to the OUSU website, Freshers’ Week begins at 00:00 on the 4th of October and lasts until the 10th where, at 23:00, you are presumably allowed to sleep. Your actual Freshers’ week will probably not be organised with such military precision but be grateful for it’s duration. Why? Freshers’ week is just that, a week- which may not seem worthy of note but it has only be true as of 2006 when Merton JCR became the first college to propose that it be extended from a meagre four days to a full seven, in the interests of the ‘first years’ academic and social welfare’. Whilst the motives are questionable, as most people feel anything but well at the end of their Freshers’ week, it give you more time to enjoy all the fun of university with very little responsibility – and it is just one more thing that we do better than Cambridge, they still only get four days.

Contrary to popular belief, or what your friends at home may joke about, Oxford Freshers’ week is not just library trips and chess nights – there will be so much to do, and it is fun, promise. But, all the fun hides an ulterior motive, as you start to keep your eye out for your future friends. Freshers’ week is all about meeting people and it will start to remind you of speed-dating (albeit, a little less speedy, being a week long and all). Minus the lack of speed, it does have three similarities: people look out for other people that they like the look of, everyone asks the same questions and you rarely remember the answers, but ‘Where are you from?’, ‘What are you studying?’, ‘Did you take a gap year?’ are part of the ritual, and make up the larger, and much more important question, ‘Will we be friends?’. While you may just want to write your name and subject on your forehead and be done with it, it’s important to make the effort and to answer with the same enthusiasm the 100th time, and you did for the first kind soul who asked you. Everyone will be hideously nervous and will want to find someone to buddy up with – don’t take first impressions as your only impression of someone and dismiss them and, on the opposite side of the scale, don’t decide the first person that you meet, and like, will be your Best-Friend-Forever-and-Ever – it is far too easy to do and will stop you getting to know everyone else.

Talk to everyone and don’t be embarrassed – no one ever thinks badly of the talkative, friendly girl or boy. Enjoy the lack of the Oxford stereotype – no smoking jackets or monocles here – and dispel all Oxford myths, you will have fun here. Be friendly, don’t be too choosy – say yes to everything you can apart from a suspicious looking doner from that dodgy kebab van or walking home with that predatory looking third year. Try and go to everything that your Freshers’ rep has arranged: it is far easier and less scary to stay in your room and ring home, but it is also much less fun. Even if it means you have to go somewhere on your own, do it – it will just give you more incentive to meet people.

Make sure you do the important things as well as the less important, but obviously more fun, activities. Meeting your tutors will almost certainly be on the agenda at some point, as will library inductions to the Bodleian and your faculty. Yes, they are quite dull, but you can bond with the person next to you simply with a sarcastic roll of your eyes and it also removes a lot of the intimidation that comes from walking up to a building you may have only seen on a postcard and knowing that you have to find your way around it. It will make your first week a whole lot easier because you will actually know how to take a book out and where your subject books are. Dull, but necessary.

The Freshers’ Fair is one of the more sensible arranged activities that is actually quite good fun – mostly because it will be spent signing up the rugby player you met into the Ballet society, or your new buddy into the Medieval Battle Enactment Society, and then watching for the rest of the term as they receive copious amounts of emails that they have no interest in. Whatever you want to do, it will be here – if you are into your sport, music or drama then take note of audition and trial times, it’s much easier to get into these things straight away, rather than working up the courage halfway through the term, and they are great places to meet people out of college.

The non-drinking activities are actually the best places to meet people and your college Freshers’ rep should lay on some activities during the day to drag you sleepy-heads out of your beds. Often it’s a rather weather dependent BBQ outside (everyone still thinks it’s summer when they get back…) which invariably starts much later than advertised, but it’s a chance to talk to more people and to delve a little deeper than the classic Fresher week questions. Don’t be afraid to ask someone’s name again – everyone forgets and it is far, far more awkward to ask him or her in the middle of 4th week. If you’re too embarrassed then a little revising of your college fresher group on Facebook never hurt. Your Fresher rep might also arrange a treasure hunt, or a photo quiz, that will take you round Oxford. These are great fun and will help you find your way around, although Oxford doesn’t take long to get to know. Make a mental note of the fancy dress shop, you’ll need far more than you would expect during your Oxford career, particularly for college bops.

Ah, bops. This is oxford slang for an Entz rep organized party, ‘Entz’ is the oxford slang for the two people in charge of your nightlife for a term. Oxford slang is quite confusing at first, and may seem at times to venture into the realms of Clockwork Orange – you’ll check your ‘pidge’ (pigeonhole) in the ‘plodge’ (porters’ lodge), will sign ‘up’ and ‘down’ at the start and end of term – but everyone will be just in the dark as you are, and then suddenly, you’ll be using it and thinking nothing of it.

And that sudden change sums Oxford up. Freshers’ week will be overwhelming and there will be times when you think that you don’t belong, when you think it was all just a clerical blunder that meant you found your way in, but then suddenly you will have a group of friends and will feel at home. On the Sunday night of 1st week, before the actual work begins, and when you have finally unpacked your room to make it yours, the home-sick (or is that alcohol induced?) pangs can be replaced with the knowledge that for three lots of eight weeks, for the next three or four years, feeling at home here will just get easier and easier.

 

Quentin Letts: "All men are not equal"

Tin helmets on, gang. I have just written a book in praise of elitism. In the Britain of Ed Balls, this may seem rash. Comrade Balls and his cruel-voiced Madame Lovely, Yvette Cooper, regard elitists with the fury that Chairman Mao’s ruffians once treated poets. And yet it had to be done – a book which argues that ‘social climbers’ such as the TV sitcom character Hyacinth Bucket are an example to us all. The more I thought about the Britain of Balls and Cooper, and the more I saw the shrivelling of beauty and the coarsening of manners. And the more I felt I had to urge you readers of Cherwell to embrace the idea that you are among the best and the brightest and that you should cherish your excellence.

All men are not equal. Some are born stronger than others and it is their duty to help the infirm. They will not do this by hiding like milksops. Leaders do not galvanise a frail citizenry by trembling behind matron and saying “ooh, I’m no better than anyone else”. False modesty debilitates a society.   Inequality exists, full stop. A few people are good at maths, many not; some have a flair for carpentry, others are no more able to assemble an Ikea table than the Masai warrior, plucked from his mud hut, knows how to play chopsticks on the piano. Unfairness – and, with it, a sense of gradation – is inevitable. The silliest response is to try to deny this truth. The second silliest response is to suggest that low grade is somehow more desirable.

Our rulers celebrate the crass and the grotty by flattening their accents, coarsening our culture, by jumping down in the gutter with the thick and the violent, the sexually incontinent, the drugged, the criminal, vexatious, cruel, indolent, selfish and unpatriotic. In doing this, our elite thought it was doing the decent thing. Alas, it was simply betraying the very people it aspired to help: the ambitious, blameless poor.

We are losing the idea of citadel, a notion of what is best and what is worth acquiring. Having reached Oxford University, you are part of that citadel. Be proud of what you have achieved. Try to conduct yourselves in a proper manner. Puff out your chests, by all means, and walk tall. But walk straight, too. Walk with honour. Commissions, working parties, think tanks, steering committees, conferences, charities, consultancies: egalitarianism has become an industry for the self-righteous, a largely secularist employment belt whose own high priests think themselves unbelievably important. In the past 20 years it has grown beyond anything envisaged by the socialist Fabians or even by their communist cousins. If the dotty old Webbs, Beatrice and Sidney, came back to Britain today they would be horrified by this behemoth of privileged paddlers. They would ask: where is the good, here, for our poor? The equality world has become a self-feeding monster, a job creation scheme for the clerical caste.

From university admissions to unisex hospital wards, equality runs like ground elder, strangling common sense. Officialdom towers over us, wagging its disapproval, instructing us to observe equality codes or face the withdrawal of public funds. Even the selection of candidates for our Parliament might have to comply with equality edicts, single-sex selection lists already being in operation in some parts of the system.  The language heard on airwaves is smudged by egalitarian neurosis. The content of our museums, the plays staged at our theatres, even our sporting ideals – all these quake before the great god equality, the constant, highly politicised impetus toward populism – in short, bog-standardism.

Despite all this, equality has not achieved its aims. Social mobility is dropping. The wealth divide broadens. “Equality practitioners”, as they call themselves, have simply become a new super-pod, brahmins amid the beggars, sixth form monitors of thought who draw their salaries from the pockets of the very poor they profess to help. No less an egalitarian than Alastair Campbell, Tony Blair’s malevolent henchman, once referred in a loose off-drive to “bog standard comprehensives”. Bog Standard Britain. You said it. Mate.

Interview: Mr No Opinion

Sathnam Sanghera, award-winning author and Times columnist, and I, a lowly second-year Oxford undergraduate, share a very important thing in common: people cannot tell if we are male or female. Perhaps that needs further clarification. We both have an unusual first name, which means it’s very difficult for others to decipher our gender, when say organising an interview for Cherwell via email. Indeed, as I stroll over to Sathnam for our interview in a London café, clutching my tea and dictaphone, he informs me that he had been expecting a ‘bloke’. I am in fact a woman. He sympathises, saying, ‘People often think I’m a woman. Sometimes male readers even send me flirty emails. I feel your pain.’ And so we begin.

Shortlisted for the Editorial Intelligence’s inaugural Comment Awards and author of the hugely successful autobiography  ‘The Boy With The Topknot: A Memoir of Love, Secrets and Lies in Wolverhampton’, Sathnam’s career in journalism has been as slick as his trademark thick black frames in his Times headshot. His stimulating comment pieces manage

to be analytical as well as humorous and personal. However, Sathnam isn’t so appreciative of his balancing act skills. He remarks self-deprecatingly, ‘There are lots of people who write comment without putting themselves in it, it must be great but I just can’t do it. I do that because I’ve got no opinions.’

While I’m sceptical about his modesty, I wonder how much of his writing is genuine. Has he ever been tempted to write something controversial simply for the sole purpose of sparking a fiery debate?
He replies, ‘The amount of opinions newspaper writers are required to have is unnatural, no one has that many opinions. I think to make it as a Fleet Street newspaper columnist you need to be a bit mentally ill. You’ve got to have that thing that makes you more mean and say more outrageous things than anyone else. I don’t think I’ve got into that sphere yet. However, you do feel that pressure because whenever you write something mean you do get such positive feedback.’

In an age of twenty-four hour media and in light of the Telegraph’s damning revelations about MPs’ expenses, how influential is the British media within the country?

‘They run the country’ he replies laughing but deadly serious. So are they more powerful than Gordon Brown? ‘I think Gordon Brown would probably say that. It’s not healthy necessarily but you can’t say that, no one can say that, especially politicians.’

Sathnam was brought up in Wolverhampton by his Punjabi speaking parents who emigrated from India in the 1960s. His father suffers from schizophrenia and is illiterate. His mother speaks a little English but cannot read it. Alongside prominent ethnic minority figures such as George Alagiah and Trevor Phillips, Sathnam is critical of the multiculturalist policies that have defined immigrant life in Britain.

‘I think the consensus is there, it was a huge mistake to have made. It causes me a huge amount of pain and agony that my parents can’t speak English and it wouldn’t have been bad if they had been forced to. It would have given them a better life and it would have made life less complicated for us but equally I can see my parents’ point of view. My mum had so much on her hands, bringing up four kids and dealing with a guy with schizophrenia that she didn’t have time to learn English. I wish she would but I just find it easier to forgive her and I don’t think we should judge her for it, given what she went through. However, it’s much too indulgent; we’ve got ghettos, complete islands, communities that haven’t integrated at all. Even in Wolverhampton there are Asian communities that aren’t integrated at all, they’re living like it’s India, and it’s terrible.’

From Multicultural Britain, we flip to the BNP. With 2 MEP seats secured and an imminent appearance on Question Time, does Sathnam think they are a force to be reckoned with?

‘A Times reader as a mark of their gratitude subscribed me to the BNP mailing list, so every day I get the BNP update’, he replies drolly. ‘In the 80s growing up, the National Front was a force to be terrified of, riots and skinheads. Compared to what the BNP is now, reading their stuff, they’re a joke. I don’t think they’re to be frightened of at all, they are a parody of themselves.’
So should they appear on Question Time?

‘We should give them airtime. In a democracy it’s important to make people feel like their views, not matter how offensive they are to other people, are allowed.  Having this out in the gimpy way the BNP talk is the best way to have it out, otherwise, it’s more likely to come out in violence.’

With public faith in political parties at an all time low, who does he think will win the general election? ‘The Tories will win, absolutely. I’m on the sideboard with my politics, I’ve always been a Labour supporter but equally I realise those days are over and there’s very few differences between the parties now. I grew up in a time when there was. I think we need a change of government because it is becoming complacent and very incompetent.’

Although Sathnam admires some Tories like Kenneth Clark and Michael Gove, he has great concerns about Mr Cameron’s privileged background.

‘Cameron says that his wife really connects him with real people, he goes home and he talks to someone from the real world, she really keeps his feet on the ground. She runs Smythson – they sell £500 notebooks! If that’s his idea of reality, hello! For God’s sake! He really does milk the family in a way I don’t think Gordon Brown does. It’s cynical and he’s a gimp. I really hate him.’

OUCA’s recent scandal hasn’t helped Cameron shed the party’s elitist and sometimes xenophobic image. However, I am surprised to hear that this type of behaviour is endemic within the national Tory party.

‘David Cameron does all this stuff about his image but if you talk to normal Tory members, this is what they’re like, they tell horrible jokes and they’re very un P.C. I spent a long time being a political reporter and it’s my experience of what the Tory party rank and file are like. They’re living in the 1950s.’

Sathnam is every bit as convincing and witty as his weekly columns suggest. Not bad for someone once rejected for the editorship of Cambridge’s Varsity Student Newspaper. The reason? ‘The problem with your application is that we didn’t believe a single word that you said.’

5 Minute Tute: Explosive Secrets

Where is the new plant situated and how much is known about it?

It’s located near the city of Qom, a centre of Shiite, Islamic religious learning in northern Iran.  The actual site is on a base run by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards, the main military force loyal to the hard-line Islamic regime. According to reports the facility is a small one, making it of little use for energy generation, but capable of arming a nuclear weapon.

Is Iran definitely after nuclear weapons?

Iran has had a nuclear programme since the 1970s and the Shah’s pro-Western regime, which was toppled in 1979. Tehran’s protestations that it is only developing a nuclear capacity for civilian energy-generating purposes lacks credibility. It is reasonable to assume that Iran wants a nuclear weapons capacity for reasons of international prestige. Does it want to develop a fully-fledged nuclear weapons arsenal, or will it stop just short of such a move, like Japan? This is a matter of conjecture, though most Western experts fear the former.

Under the IAEA, what is Iran allowed to do? Has it broken the rules?

Iran is a member of the IAEA (The International Atomic Energy Agency). The IAEA acknowledges the right of its members to develop a nuclear capacity for civilian, energy purposes. Notionally, Iran is acting within these parameters. But the IAEA also calls on member states to inform it of new developments on the ground, something Tehran has repeatedly failed to do. It is this behaviourthat has enabled the US and Europeans to elicit successive rounds of economic sanctions against Iran endorsed by the UN Security Council.

Why did Iran wait unitl now to reveal its second enrichment facility?

The regime only admitted the existence of the facility once it had been found out!  The US is reckoned to have known about it for a couple of years, making the revelation a matter of Washington’s preferred timing, designed to heap maximum diplomatic pressure on Tehran.

What is Israel’s bearing on the situation?

Israel sees Iran as its only strategic threat in the region. It is unnerved by the hard-line rhetoric of President Ahmadinejad, which denies the existence of the Holocaust. It does not want to lose its qualitative military edge. Israel fears that a nuclear Iran will embolden the enemies on its borders, like Hamas in Gaza or Hizbollah in Lebanon, which are allied to Iran. Longer term, a ratcheting up in regional tensions may discourage Jews from moving to Israel, or even trigger a stampede of emigration, thereby threatening its viability as a largely Jewish state. As a result, Israel has said that it will not co-exist with a nuclear Iran, a threat that must be taken very seriously.

What are the most likely scenarios?

There are three choices ahead for the US. One, conclude a ‘grand bargain’ with Iran, whereby Tehran gets respect and supervised nuclear energy, in exchange for disavowing nuclear weapons. Two, Iran refuses to respond sufficiently in the current round of talks (which commenced on Oct 1), resulting in attempts by the US and the Europeans to introduce punitive sanctions at the UN in order to enforce compliance. Three, sanctions don’t work, leaving Obama with his Kennedy moment: either the West accepts an Iranian nuclear fait accompli, or signals a willingness to use military force to ensure that Iran does not go  nuclear.

A Year Abroad: Paris

At the beginning of Michaelmas term, as Freshers flood in to Oxford, another group of students leave the city with no less enthusiasm: third year language students starting their year abroad. Having just completed a heady two years of literature studies and grammar tests, they head off to the relevant corners of the world to immerse themselves in the culture of their respective languages and to pick up a dodgy accent just in time for their oral exams.

I am one of them, and so Oxford was understandably the last thing on my mind as I headed to the Eurostar last week, feeling rather smug with my one-way ticket in hand, and lugging a suitcase at least twice my weight in which I had tried (and inevitably failed) to pack my whole life for a year. Having sacrificed a few grammar books to make space for more useful things, such as more shoes, I felt ready to discover a world that I knew only from old novels and a few childhood holidays.

Arriving in Paris two hours later, I immediately regretted stuffing a dictionary into my luggage ‘just in case’ when I realised that the metro, unlike the London Underground, is equipped neither with lifts nor escalators. It took all my strength to drag my bags to the school in central Paris where I will be living and working as a language assistant for the next seven months: this is how most students choose to spend the year, as it is undoubtedly the easiest way to find a job abroad.

When I finally reached my destination (looking rather unattractively sweaty and red-faced) I approached the receptionist to announce my arrival. Although I generally refrain from using generalisations, I must say that this woman embodied the stereotypical view of the French as rather unhelpful. My greeting was met with a surly look and the silent proffering of a set of keys, and only after a bit of gentle persuasion did I manage to get some sketchy directions to my room. Fortunately, the vast majority of French people I have since met have been lovely, even if they often speak too fast for me to catch every word.

The first job that you are faced with when moving abroad is to drag yourself away from the new and exciting sights and instead complete a lot of mind-numbingly boring administrative tasks. In the months before my departure, I had received endless bits of paper from different organisations, all requiring signatures, official stamps and proof of ID to comply with various nonsensical regulations.

Fortunately, unlike the majority of students, I haven’t had to find my own accommodation – that’s when the red tape becomes a real horror story.

With a week to go before starting work, I was then free to make the most of my time in Paris. My priority this year, like most other language students, is to make some French friends so that I can get to grips with the spoken lingo. This is easier said than done when you are in a city where you know literally no one. A couple of nights in, I summoned the courage to venture to a bar alone in the hope of meeting, if not some potential friends, some temporary speaking-partners.

Having found a place where the crowd was young and the drinks cheap (but still about twice as much as you’d pay in England), I stationed myself at the bar with a pint – or rather ‘une pinte’ – and tried to look as friendly and open to conversation as possible. Obviously this didn’t work, so I eventually bit the bullet, marched over to the nearest group of French students and introduced myself. I soon realised that reading the complete works of Flaubert doesn’t really prepare you for a conversation about the ignorance of the English when it comes to fine wine, but it nevertheless ended up being a successful night – so ‘successful’ in fact that we didn’t manage to coordinate swapping phone numbers…
Since taking that initial step to shamelessly introduce myself to anyone and everyone who speaks French, it’s become a lot easier to approach people. Of course I still feel like an idiot most of the time, but when times get tough it’s quite easy be consoled by remembering that yes, I am in Paris, the unofficial world capital of culture, fashion and bohemian spirit – that usually succeeds to fill me with a warm, fuzzy sense of self-satisfaction.

How would I sum up my first impressions? Well, I’ve been buying all of the things I forgot to pack, have had a million forms to fill in, and am now desperately trying to make new friends in dodgy bars… perhaps it’s not a million miles from Freshers’ week in Oxford after all.

 

A knife in the back?

Cosmetic surgery is becoming an ever-more viable option for young people with personal perfection as a goal and money in their pocket. The American Society of Plastic Surgeons estimates that more than 330,000 adolescents in the USA, most of them female, underwent cosmetic procedures last year.

And this trend is increasing in the UK too. Over half of young women say that they would have cosmetic surgery to improve their looks, according to a 2007 survey of 25,000 females conducted by BBC Radio 1’s Newsbeat and 1extra’s TXU. Women in this country who said they would consider surgery tended to want breast enlargements, with liposuction being the next most popular cosmetic surgery procedure. The number of people having liposuction treatments has risen by 90 per cent in a year, according to the unfortunately-named BAAPS (British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons). This trend is symptomatic of a growing obsession with the way we look, but is it healthy?

Rachel Cummings, OUSU VP for Women, commented on the increase of young women seriously considering cosmetic surgery to improve their appearance, ‘I can understand the pressures people are under to have cosmetic surgery; it’s a consequence of the image obsessed culture in which we live. It would be far better to start focusing on people’s achievements, personality and values rather than having a society where people’s self-worth comes from the shape of their body.’

Despite this, many intelligent, good-looking young women do consider plastic surgery as an option. I spoke to one second-year Oxford student who does buy into the idea, ‘I have already had non-invasive laser liposuction during my gap year, paid for with my own money that I earned. I am definitely planning on having more cosmetic surgery. It is not a huge amount of money to spend on something that will affect my whole life. If you think of clothes in terms of value-per-wear, surgery is actually far more financially sensible. After all, you wear your body every day.’

On looking at her, this girl is not your stereotypical cosmetic surgery candidate. Indeed, she has the kind of body that most of the miserable, desperate women on Extreme Makeover UK seem to be in search of. But perhaps this is the point. Plastic surgeons are quick to point out that ‘liposuction is not a treatment for obesity’ and that the ideal candidate is an otherwise fit person who wishes to re-sculpt minor imperfections that irritate them. The subtle procedures undergone by many already undeniably attractive celebrities have publicised the trend of going one step further in the quest for beauty.

Adam Searle, a London-based surgeon, and former president of the BAAPS, said he was least comfortable when men pressured wives or girlfriends to become their fantasy woman. He said, ‘One of the situations I find most difficult is when a male partner has brought along photographs, often of airbrushed porn queens, and is saying that’s what we want.’

Intrigued by this idea of women having surgery in order to please the men in their life, I spoke to a few male undergraduates here at Oxford to find out what they thought about cosmetic surgery. Interestingly, the general consensus of these enlightened young men was against the idea of cosmetic surgery for their female counterparts. They agreed that surgery for purely cosmetic reasons was shallow and that they would probably not encourage it.

‘If I were to encourage or be pleased about my girlfriend having cosmetic surgery it would symptomatic of something wrong with the relationship in the first place,’ said one second year. Another added that ‘It’s probably mentally healthier and definitely more admirable to overcome any body issues without resorting to surgery…If she wanted to look like Jordan then it would be a turn off, both because it’s shallow and also because lots of plastic surgery is aesthetically unattractive.’
Although all those interviewed said that they would probably support a girlfriend who had genuine issues to have surgery, they generally thought that cosmetic surgery would make no difference to how attractive they found a girl.

Based on the opinions of these males, the desire of many young women to have surgery is not a reaction to the chauvinism of their peers, but more of a personal decision rooted in self-esteem. The Harley Medical Group advertises cosmetic surgery as a way for women to ‘improve how they feel about themselves.’ Doctors report that the visible number of celebrities having surgery, as well as widespread advertising by commercial clinics has encouraged women to think that they can transform their lives by going under the knife. One third of doctors surveyed by the BAAPS said that the most common reason to turn down patients was because of their unrealistic expectations. It is important to realize that cosmetic surgery, like New Year’s resolutions and other quick-fixes, will not offer a radical life transformation.
Although prices are dropping all the time, surgery is not a cheap option. Private Healthcare UK gives an approximate guide to costs for UK cosmetic surgery, advising that a breast enlargement operation costs from £3,400 – £5,000, liposuction can cost between £1,550- £5,000 and a rhinoplasty costs from £3,000 – £4,000.
These costs can be considerably reduced by opting to have surgery abroad, and many companies offer plastic surgery package holidays. Whilst they may be cheaper, horror stories of botched operations abroad abound in women’s magazines. The BAAPS discourages going away for surgery, as over 80% of surgeons have seen problems with patients returning from holiday surgery, and advises people to check in with organisations associated with the Royal College of Surgeons.
The increase in the number of young British women going under the knife is probably not as much a cause for concern as the reasons behind it. Issues of poor self-esteem related to body issues will never be solved permanently by a surgical solution, as can be seen by a quick glance at any reality TV show.
Despite this, as cosmetic surgery becomes more socially acceptable and affordable, more women will probably be seduced by it. The danger comes in recognising when enough is enough.
This sentiment was well summarised by one of the students interviewed, ‘Jordan – you wouldn’t.’

 

La Vie en Rouge

Mesrine: Public Enemy Number One opens with the gangster Jacques Mesrine (Vincent Cassel) lying dead in his car surrounded by a horde of journalists and photographers battling against a cordon of police officers in order to get a final glimpse of his corpse.

In the second installment of Jean-Francois Richet’s biopic of the infamous French bank robber, the focus is solely on the last six years of Mesrine’s life, from his daring escape from court in 1973 to his death in a hail of police bullets in 1979. The opening scene leaves the viewer in no doubt as to the protagonist’s fate but also demonstrates the transformation Mesrine underwent in his final six years. The film chronicles his journey from underworld notoriety as a brash bank robber to national and international fame as ‘Public Enemy Number One’. Simultaneously the viewer witnesses his personal shift, from being simply a crook with a propensity for grandiloquent speeches to being a self-styled Robin Hood figure with a reckless thirst for publicity.

As the film progresses, Mesrine’s hubris grows; in one memorable scene he boasts to an interviewer that ‘one day [the police] will shoot me to death; it will completely make sense…’ whilst posing for photos with his pistol. Mesrine’s tragedy in the film lies in his inability to realize the growing extremity of his situation, and as the film comes to its climax he is shown to be completely oblivious to the police plot to murder him.

Cassel delivers a memorable performance in the title role, and adds a tragicomic dimension to the character. His portrayal of an overweight, slightly simple and occasionally affectionate gangster allows the audience to root for Mesrine even when confronted with his extreme brutality. However, in some ways the film is held together by the cast’s supporting actors who are more interesting than the somewhat formulaic lead.

Mathieu Amalric delivers a hilarious performance as Mesrine’s long-suffering comrade-in-arms Francois Besse, who acts as a foil to his fame-hungry friend, admonishing him for his high-profile behaviour and openly mocking Mesrine’s claim to be ‘a nitro-glycerine expert’.

Indeed, the film is made constantly enjoyable by the understated French humour that almost all the actors except Cassel exude. It is apparent throughout the film that Mesrine never really gets the hilarity of his posturing even when it is clear to all of those around him. In one instance Mesrine kidnaps an octogenarian billionaire and informs his captive that he is acting on behalf of the PLO. His prisoner responds with classic French indignation: ‘But I’m not even Jewish!’. This component to the film rescues the plot which could otherwise lack originality; after all, the tale of a gangster becoming light-headed by his new found fame and beginning to believe his own pseudo-political hype is hardly a new one.

The presence of level-headed companions who can see the insanity of his behaviour better than he, both grounds the film in reality and adds genuine poignancy when the ever blasé Mesrine meets his gruesome end.

 

Four Stars

New Order After Keble’s Blood

Another college rugby season is upon us and it promises to be the competitive and passionate event is has been for generations. No other college sport demands so much of its competitors and the passion and quality of the matches at every level week in week out truly sets college rugby apart from other intercollegiate sport. From time to time there are accusations that the leagues have been staid and the same teams win year in, year out and yet if we look to the past, teams that were so called unmovables now wallow in the bottom leagues, and former whipping boys rule the roost.

However, It is fair to say that we are in the Keble era, and this year they will be strong once again, looking for continuity after their victory in last year’s First Division. But Pembroke, the great success story of college rugby over the last few seasons, will be keen to finally topple the college rugby giants, having finished runners up in only their second season in the top flight. Victory over the coming rounds will see them truly confirmed as first division fixtures. New boys Balliol have enjoyed a meteoric rise as well, especially considering they finished bottom of Division 4 (then the lowest league) as recently as 2005. They will now have to pull out all the stops to maintain their presence in the top league, as will Univ.

Teddy Hall on the other hand, historically the most successful team in Oxford, will be smarting at their shock relegation last season. Look out for a swift reinstatement to their old stomping ground. Similarly, St. Peters will feel that they have betrayed the strong rugby tradition at the college and will be pressing for reinstallment into the top flight. St. Catz will feel bereaved having lost out on promotion by points difference and will also be contenders for promotion.

Further down Worcester continue their decline and now languish in the third division. Joining them is relegated Wadham who will fancy their chances of promotion and will also be gearing up for the chance to contest the Schneider Cup with current holders Lincoln, newly promoted.
At the very bottom in Division 5, let’s hope that this year the Graduate Barbarians can finally fulfil some of the wonderful promise that their name suggests.

It would be great to see bigger crowds, and I use that term loosely, at games this season. The lonely figure of a single intrepid girlfriend does little to raise the spirits of an under-strength team jogging onto the pitch in the sleet. College rivalry is what makes this league great, and support can swing a match.

On a final note, let’s hope the new season doesn’t have the old problems of cancelled and forfeited matches. Several clubs have found themselves relegated simply because they had to forfeit so many matches due to clashes with lectures and labs. This is Oxford, so far be it from me to suggest people should be skipping lectures, but I hope that the spirit in which the game is traditionally played will be upheld between captains, so that instant rematches can be arranged and passive promotions can be avoided. After all, we owe it to one of the great college leagues to have it properly contested.