With Love and SqualorWe are Scientistsout 17 October2/5Do not be surprised if by the end of the noughties music critics suggest that the greatest invention of the decade is rock music you can dance to. For years this has been the music world’s equivalent of the Rubik cube: it looks easy, but the only simple solution is to cheat and swap the stickers around. This is what we saw in the nineties when, after the charm of pogoing on a stomach of Skol beer to the school disco charm of Girls and Boys and Roll With It went flat, millions of rock fans flooded to dance music and bought Prodigy and Chemical Brothers records. But it just wasn’t quite the same.Now in 2005 we can’t move for rock bands that want to shake your booty. When Franz Ferdinand arrived on the scene eighteen months ago the floodgates opened, and now all the kids are getting down to “Future Dogs Die in Kaiser Ferdinand’s Hot Hot Car Party”, as Andy Partridge from XTC recently remarked. Add to this the already existing American wave, Interpol, The Bravery and The Rapture, and you  have to feel slight pity towards the latest New York band to try and make it big on this side of the Atlantic, We Are Scientists. The Scientists certainly look the part, in the sense that they look exactly like most of the other bands mentioned above who are all equally guilty of stealing the geek chic look from Seth off The OC.The first track on this, their debut LP, is also their first single, Nobody Move, Nobody Get Hurt which sounds so much like the watereddown glam of nineties nearly-band King Adora that the lawsuit must be in the post. Things fail to pick up with This Scene Is Dead as immaculately coiffed singer frontman Keith Murray sings in a bored voice, “I shouldn’t even be here/much less drinking myself into excess”. For posturing and lyrics, hang out with Morrissey. What quickly becomes inescapable about With Love and Squalor is simply its enormous derivativeness.The album could be neatly autopsied and the composite elements of this hybrid given back to their original owners. Such is the way with scenes in music that an idea develops which is recycled into something vaguely new, in this case Franz Ferdinand updating XTC and Orange Juice’s spiky pop for the modern dancefloor.Then what seemed exciting quickly goes cold through the horrendous number of parasitic bands that follow. This, sadly, is the fate of thisband. There are some neat touches: Can’t Lose has a good slap bass and Lousy Reputation plateaus nicely to create the sort ofgiant sugar rush that Bloc Party have perfected. It’s A Hit has the album’s best chorus, but the bassline has been shamelessly  pilfered from Queens of the Stone Age’s Feel Good Hit of the Summer. If there was ever an original idea on this album, it was soon embarrassedly replaced by another bouncy Franz bassline to fill the quota. Ultimately whether We Are Scientists make it or not depends on how much more of this stuff listeners can stand. Their recent sell-out tour with Editors suggests they’ll be around for a while, but as Murray himself predicts, this scene is dead and soon his clairvoyance may be in greater demand than his music. ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005

A digital edition of the oldest surviving manuscript of Euclid’s Elements, the founding document of Mathematics, will now be available to the public on the internet. The manuscript has been displayed in the Bodleian Library since 1804. When asked whether such developments may result in fewer visitors, Martin Kauffman, a curator at the Bodleian said “for rare things, digitisation is unlikely to make a dramatic difference to visitor numbers, and could even help to whip up interest.”ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005

St Edmund Hall have launched an investigation after an attempt made to kick down the Junior Dean’s door following the college bop on Saturday of Freshers’ Week. Teddy Hall JCR President, Celine Tricard, confirmed that “after the Golf Pro’s and Tennis Ho’s Bop on Saturday evening, the Junior Dean came back to college to find that her door had been broken.” In an email to the JCR, Tricard warned that “[the Decanal Team] are threatening to cancel any future social events until the person/ group responsible has been found.” Tricard added “I genuinely believe that it was due to a student(s) over-drinking and simply taking a rash decision,” rather than direct agression against the Junior Dean.ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005

Oxford has received three grants to fund research into the influences and effects of civil resistance movements of the 20th century. The project is a joint venture between the University’s Centre for International Studies and the European Studies Centre of St Anthony’s College, and will be holding workshops and a conference over the next two years. Professor Sir Adam Roberts of Balliol college, who is chairing the project, said “it’s an interesting subject because the question of whether, and if so how, major change can be brought about without war has been a central concern of writers on politics and international relations for centuries.”ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005

Organisers of the inter-college JCR Association Football League are searching for the forgotten winners of what may be the oldest football trophy in the world. For more than 120 years, winning colleges have had their names engraved on silver shields attached to the cup, seven of which have now been lost. Richard Tur, Senior President of the OUAFC, stated “there is a challenge in finding out which colleges won the trophy in the missing years” Since Magdalen first won it in 1883, the trophy, worth over £5000, has been competed for annually in Cuppers by 28 different Oxford colleges. Andy James, captain of the Balliol football team who won the last Cuppers competition, said “we were very happy when we won the cup. Because of its history and prestige, we felt really proud.”ARCHIVE: 1st wek MT 2005

The Blues had a very mixed week, with a convincing 25-7 win over Japan’s Kanto Gakuin University on Satuday followed by a weak performance by an inexperienced team against Bohemians of University of Limerick, Eire in a 26-5 defeat on Wednesday.The team have set their stall out for this season to play adventurous rugby, moving the ball wide at pace early on. Against Kanto Gakuin, the sheer speed of passing along the line was enough to overcome the opposition’s defence and only poor ball handling prevented the Blues from gaining an even larger victory. Against the harder-hitting Limerick side, however, the Blues were taught a lesson in hard, tight rugby, the creativity of the backline of little use with a shortage of quality ball and ineffective recycling. The game against Kanto Gakuin, who beat Cambridge 21-14 in Tokyo during the summer, was never a thriller. Initially, the teams were reasonably matched, and Kanto Gakuin actually enjoyed the best of the early opportunities. However, Oxford went ahead with a fast flowing move which is becoming the team’s signature play, Huw Jones getting over after some great team work created an overlap. The game continued in this style and every time the Blues had the ball, they tried to outwit the tourists with their speed and agility, so it came as no surprise that Oxford went in 15-0 up at half time with another rapid move. Ross Lavery broke through the Kanto Gakuin line and Adam Harris fnished off the move. Jon Fennell continued his good day with the boot, adding the conversion to his earlier penalty.The second half showed Oxford’s superior fitness and the forwards started to dominate in the scrum. Winger Jonan Boto broke through for a try and Fennell kicked another five points. However Kanto Gakuin did put up some resistance and a period of strong play from them, with their forwards turning the tables, lead to number 8 Tosa putting the ball under the posts for the final points of the game.A very different team played against semi-professional Limerick, with only four Blues named in the starting line up due to the game against Leicester Tigers three days later. It definitely showed in a performance which started as a closely fought game but turned into a second half nightmare. The same tactics were on display but the visitors were able to repulse the fast attacks the pacey Oxford backline tried to put together. Limerick’s Fergal Lawlor scored three penalties in the first half, but prop Sean Brophy reduced the deficit after Ali James went close. Bohemians did have a try disallowed due to an unnecessary forward pass which let Oxford off the hook and left the match very much alive at half time with the score at 9-5.The second half was anything but close. The Blues lost any momentum they had going into the break and appeared lacklustre. The lineouts were overcomplicated and Oxford put themselves in danger on many occasions by losing their own throws. Limerick were smashing in the scrum and James O’Neil went over after the home team were driven back over their line. With the Blues forced to commit in huge numbers to rucks, Limerick were able to create large overlaps of which they took full advantage. There were a few good breaks but these petered out as the Blues’ recycling let them down. Coach Steve Hill summed up the performance. “We didn’t perform as well as we should have done.”Saturday’s match showed once again  that the Blues have real potential this year to play some devestating and effective rugby. However, Wednesday’s game showed that it could all come to nothing if the Blues do not get their basics right. An admittedly inexperienced Blues side struggled with scrummaging, line-outs and basic handling. These aspects of their game will have to improve. ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005

St Peter’s started their new season just as they left off nine months ago as the reigning champions played to the top of their game to whitewash a disappointing Exeter.The home side came off convincing winners in the first match of the college campaign and set out their intentions for what they hope to be another successful season.The two strongest sides in the First Division – Exeter finished second last season – looked well matched at first, but it was Peter’s who prevailed with the pace, skill and discipline that Exeter could not match. Robert Unwin and new boy Bertie Payne were the pivots in the Peter’s team who enabled the side in green to stretch out the lead to 52 points over their red-and-black hooped rivals, while James Clayton-Payne playing at number 8 and Joe Stewart added the edge for the home side.That Exeter, blessed with one of the largest front rows around and the terrific Luka Gakic at number 8, could barely keep up with the brilliance of Peter’s sheds light on what the rest of the First Division can expect this term. Despite the departure of a number of the Peter’s pack at the end of Trinity Term, the influx of talent among first-years has made up for any such losses, as David Poraj-Wilczynski, the Peter’s captain, was quick to point out.“We’ve got some good freshers in,” he noted. “We lost our whole pack. It needed a bit of regenerating. Luckily we’ve got three or four really sharp freshers including Bertie who was playing at flanker, and a couple of others. We’ve filled our gaps.”If Peter’s play as they did on Tuesday, surely their real ambition – Cup success – is possible. “The Cuppers loss [to St Edmund Hall in last year’s final] has obviously hit us hard,” Poraj-Wilczynski admitted. “It shows our bouncebackability! To come back and put a performance in like that is quite special.” A special season too, perhaps.Exeter were certainly not mediocre; just unfortunate to be playing Peter’s at their best. The visiting side started aggressively, if sometimes illegally, with Gakic trying to assert Exeter’s physical advantage that their size would normally give.But it was their sloppiness that prevented any fruitfulness from their attacking start, and Peter’s took advantage 15 minutes in when Tom Rayner’s interception led to a try for David Conway. Unwin, magnificent with his kicking all afternoon, converted it and then put Peter’s into a 10-0 lead with a penalty.Payne added another try by the corner flag ten minutes later. Unwin’s outstanding conversion in the severe wind put Peter’s 17-0 up before Stewart ran through a hapless Exeter defence to stretch the lead to 22.Exeter were fortunate at times not to slip yet further behind. Clayton-Payne would have scored but for a forward pass on the try line and Exeter’s Will Cochrane put over a 30-yard penalty in injury time at the end of the first half to go in 22-3 down at the break.If Exeter thought they could launch an unlikely comeback, they would be disappointed. Dan Lowther’s top-class tackling meant the Peter’s defence was never breached, and Bertrand Perrodo pushed the greens further with his powerful running.Unwin added three more tries – two of them after running through a line of Exeter defenders – and passed to Clayton-Payne for his score, as well as converting four second-half tries to give Peter’s a 50-3 lead. Ben Jones scored by the right corner flag four minutes from the end to complete the rout.Exeter can take heart from the fact that they will meet fewer teams stronger than Tuesday’s opponents. For Peter’s, however, anything but perfection would be a let-down after last season.“Last year [the Teddy Hall match] was the only match we lost,” Poraj-Wilczynski said. “I’d like it to be the same this year, but I think the quality’s going to be quite strong. We’re just going to see how it goes. But we’re confident.”Confident, but not complacent. “I don’t think they were the fittest or best side we’re going to play,” the captain added. “We’re not going to rest on our laurels.”ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005

This summer Lance Armstrong completed one of the most amazing performances in sporting history, absolutely dominating the three week, 3,000 mile super-race that is the Tour de France to  seal an awesome seventh win in succession. The majority reaction, among fans of the race was far from uniform adulation. Admiration was present, of course, but it was clouded with a wondering – is he a drugs cheat? Armstrong points out that he’s the most tested man in his sport; but more and more people just don’t buy it. It seems incredible – but  scratch the surface it becomes depressingly obvious that there’s every reason to doubt Armstrong and his colleagues in sport.The fundamental problem is that drug testing simply doesn’t work. It’s not just the huge difficulty of finding deliberately hidden compounds within the vastly complex mixture that is human blood; it’s the fact that often, it doesn’t even come to that because scientists simple don’t know what they’re looking for. EPO, arguably the most notoriously abused drug in history, came onto the cycling scene in the 1980’s; even though usage was known to be rife and determined efforts were made to prevent it, it took till the Sydney Olympics in 2000 for a test to be developed and approved. The same is true of the wonder drug of this decade, THG. Drugs authorities did not even know it existed until a coach anonymously sent a syringeful to US drugs authorities. The results are predictable: David Millar won the World Time Trial  Championships in 2003 and passed every test on the way and subsequently; but after a police raid on his home found syringes and banned substances, he confessed not only to cheating but that he still had the syringes he used to win the title!This allows drugs to simply instituionalise themselves within a sport. It only takes a handful of ruthless individuals. Their performances improve; their opponents must then choose between  losing and juicing up. Of course, this is less of a risk in games of skill like football or cricket, but in the realm of sports where athleticism is half the game, it can be pervasive. Ben Johnson, the Canadian sprinter (pictured) who won the 100m at the 1988 Olympics only to be disquailfied for using steroids, was once asked why he didn’t compete drug free; he replied this was tantamount to putting his blocks a metre back at the start.Even worse, while cheats get away with it there is no incentive for  administrators to crack down: drugs guarantee new records – they are manna from heaven. As former European 100m Champion Dwain Chambers says, “people want a show”; there can be no doubt drugs bring that. Again, the results are plain to see, in American Football and Baseball in particular; here drugs testing regimes were for years next to non-existent. Cyclist Paul Kimmage, in his book on pro cycling, raged at the governing body he felt created a system which left cyclists with little choice but to cheat.Many ask if Chambers is right – does it really matter if athletes use chemicals to enhance their performance? The answer is a definite yes. Performance enhancing drugs are illegal, and with very good reason: they wreak havoc with the human body to the extent that some are nothing short of lethal. Marco Pantani, the 1998 Tour de France champion, later banned for doping, died last year of heart troubles at just 34; Petra Schneider, the star East German swimmer, is just one of a gaggle of her countreywomen who are very sickly today. Quite aside from the moral argument, anything which forces athletes to choose between risking their career and risking their lives must be stamped out. Which brings us back to Armstrong. Is he cheating? Given that others cheat, and that he always beats them, how could he be clean? Along with all sports fans, I think, I pray he is. The cancer-surviving popular hero has come to symbolise gaining sporting success through grit and tough training. If he’s found to have cheated after denying it for so long, it may be a death knell for the popularity of athletic sports. Sprinting, those old enough to remember say, never recovered from Johnson’s disqualification at Seoul; it would be a shame to see more sports follow suit. Personally, I succumbed to cynicism when l’Equipe announced they had discovered six Armstrong samples from 1999 containing EPO. I still think he’s a great cyclist, because I think everyone in cycling cheats; but I’ve little faith in any of Armstrong’s protestations of innocence.ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005

I keep being told that Peter Crouch is surprisingly good on the ground (for a big man). But wasn’t Emile Heskey a great team player (for a striker) and didn’t Nicky Barnby have a surprisingly good left foot (for a right footer)? Crouch was considered among the top two available strikers for England against Austria on Saturday afternoon. This would be funny, if it wasn’t the cold truth. It’s certainly no small feat that the 6ft7in Liverpool target man made the team considering he has yet to score this season. His unorthodox looks and running style make him easy to mock. Arsène Wenger called him a basketball player last season and he was cruelly ridiculed by the crowd for his clumsy play, but he did complement Owen quite well with his famed knock-downs and compared well with the other relative newcomer, Luke Young. With no disrespect to Crouch and Young they are not in the class of Rooney and Neville and maybe more realistic options should have played – Defoe with Carragher at right back. Lampard’s penalty success, after Beckham’s three consecutive misses, was a big help and with Owen sharp the team should easily be capable of picking up their game when it becomes necessary.The pub crowd, powered by the Crouch sized pint-and-a-half beer glasses, seemed happy with the result, though perhaps it was more at the relief of not being Scottish (as in, not having to support their football team). England did after all qualify for the World Cup finals with this result, although necessarily in tandem with Holland beating the Czech Republic, and England can be a side with new impetus when the summer comes.England’s direction seems to have blurred in the last few months. It all had been going well for them since the previous match against Austria. The emergence of Robinson as a reliable goalkeeper has been a relief for fans after the desperate years of Seaman and James, and Joe Cole’s surfacing as an exciting left winger has been comforting, if not ideal.  The loss to Northern Ireland has been dissected to the bone and lessons have been learnt but the Lampard-Gerrard centre-midfield issue does have to be thought about.If both players start displaying the same form as they do for their clubs, England would be driven by goals and searing runs from the middle of the field – before teams could work out a way to stop them without hampering their own style, we would have collected the Jules Rimet trophy and EasyJetted home to celebrate for another 40 years. I love the idea of playing Michael Carrick behind those two, in the Makalele role, and making Lampard and Gerrard the focus of the team in place of Beckham. Beckham plays consistently well for England but gets an unjustly high proportion of the ball and he needs to work out that his crosses (which are effective for the Brazilians at Real Madrid) fly over the heads of Rooney and Owen (though not, admittedly, Crouch). The sending off, however, was clearly quite harsh and the quality of his crossing and set-pieces remain enough for Beckham to retain his place on the team.Dropping Joe Cole to the bench would make the team unbalanced but Gerrard was more inspiring left of the three centre midfielders than when overly burdened with defensive concerns. It worked in the previous World Cup with Nicky Butt, and Carrick is a better player than Butt, though somehow Tottenham team mate (and defender) Ledley King is ahead of him in the pecking order. The next England manager, if there is going to be less of Sven, is a dilemma. The cautious Steve McLaren is as uninspiring as he is tainted with the association of Erikson’s rule.  Desperately, he is currently the 5-4 favourite, and Erikson’s real choice, but there is something to dislike about the toadying inside track he is taking to become ‘the obvious successor.’ Sam Allardyce is a good man but is perhaps too Mike Basset to be the first choice. Someone should put some money on the talented Wenger, realistically an outsider as a foreigner, but he probably needs some support with Paddy Power already paying out on Mourinho’s Chelsea for the league.Despite Saturday’s melodramatic headline in the Guardian – ‘Five days to save a manager’ – this should be a discussion for 2008. We all hope, fortunately with some reason, that Erikson’s England will shine this World Cup – in player terms he believes that he has 10 of the top 50 in the world, and adding Beckham gives a full team that need not be fearful of anyone. Holland, Brazil and Argentina are great to watch but lack England’s all-round strength- I would rather play them than the always-menacing Germany. No comparison to the Ashes is helpful: the World Cup always brings out its own excitement, though it should be noted that Australia are only a play-off away from qualifying…ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005

As rugby players go, they don’t come more controversial than Austin Healey. Despite 51 caps for England and two for the British and Irish Lions, opinion both on the player and the man remains firmly split. Many fans of his club, Leicester Tigers, revere Healey and would have him back in the England squad tomorrow; others have labelled him childish and unprofessional, a loud mouth, a show pony and even a selfish player who puts himself before the team. Yet Healey’s genius for rugby is undoubted, and with English rugby in deep gloom, I rung him to find out how its most unshakably cheery player thinks it will get out of the rut. Before getting stuck in, I wanted to get a sense of Healey’s style. With a man known in some quarters as Oz ‘the mouth’ Healey, I wanted to make sure that when was saying something for a reaction, or just pulling my leg, I’d know. We started off on Healey’s approach off the pitch. At the forefront of my mind was an incident from the 2001 Lions tour: with Richard Hill swimming in a shark tank beside him, Healey was videoed banging on the walls and urging his fellow players to help him “make it angry!” Was Healey always such a joker? “Oh yeah – I want as much pissing about as possible.” The man takes his pissing about seriously: “to be honest, professional rugby training is a bit dull – you’ve got to keep it entertaining.” Coming from a man who’s been a professional rugby player for a decade, I take his word for it. But don’t people object? “Some players don’t take it very well.” And Coaches? “Well, coaches are coaches. They think if anyone’s having fun they shouldn’t be there.” He makes an exception, though for Leicester’s forwards coach, Richard Cockerill “Richard Cockerill’s has a right laugh with us…though it’s probably because he doesn’t understand what’s being said in the conversation most of the time”. What about the outspokenness? In 2001 Healey was fined £2,500 by the Lions management for branding Wallaby Justin Harrison a “plank” and a “plod” in a newspaper column. Healey is unrepentant: “I’m always perfectly honest, and I truly believe what I say. That Australian was a bit of a dickhead.” He was widely castigated at the time, particularly by the Australian media; but since 2001, Harrison has built up a terrible reputation for niggle, and finished his Australian representative career by calling South African winger Chumani Booi a “stinking black cunt” during a provincial match. “I do feel a bit vindicated – I’ve always been a good judge of character,” says Healey; but he immediately adds that “how people are on the pitch is very different to how people are off it. I’ve met Justin off the pitch and he’s actually quite a nice lad”. It’s apparent that Healey doesn’t take himself or his public antics too seriously, certainly not half as seriously as his critics – but the same couldn’t be said of his approach to rugby. “I’m very competitive. The other day I was playing golf with [England scrum half] Matt Dawson and I threw my sand wedge at him ‘cause he accused me of cheating. When I race my daughter, who’s three years old, I push her over at the start so I always win.” I mention another famous piece of Healey footage: an R&R session during the 1997 Lions tour to South Africa at a go-karting circuit, where Healey had cut across several corners to win a race. Eight years on, Healey is not even close to repentant: “Oh yeah, that ended up with me basically driving down the middle of the track. But it was them who cheated in the first place – the car they gave me was broken and it didn’t work on the left turns.” During matches, the man who’s become known as “the mouth” in some quarters is “actually relatively quiet.”At this point I know where I stand. It’s clear Healey’s not left the Tigers’ lunch hall where he took my call and that some of his comments are intended for his team-mates’ benefit and not mine as I can overhear their laughter following his more choice comments; at the same time, it’s clear he can be genuine and very honest. We can move onto the real question – what’s gone wrong with the England team, and what can be done to correct it? Healey is not without hope. He speaks of the importance of established players taking responsibility, as he has “tried to be a bit more of a senior player” at Leicester following the retirements of stalwarts Neil Back and captain Martin Johnson. But he emphasises that the key to plugging the holes in the England side is bringing in young talent. At openside, for example, “Neil Back found a niche in the game, and he filled it very successfully. We need to find the next one.” Leicester have already had great success in bringing in young players: their academy, managed by Dusty Hare – “You might have heard of him. He wouldn’t have made an impact in the modern game, but he was a good player in his day,” says Healey of the England and Lions star who’s scored more first class points than any other rugby player – has already produced first team players like Harry Ellis, Will Skinner and Louis Deacon. Healey also stresses the importance of gaining a “winning habit”: speaking of his legendary break through the Stade Franais defence to create the winning try for Leicester’s first European triumph, Healey says “I didn’t really know what was happening. That’s the aim – everyone knows what to do and everyone just delivers. The majority of games are so tight these days that it’s all about the last twenty minutes. The difference between a good team and a poor one can often come down to confidence under pressure.”But Healey makes clear just how far England has to go to return to the top table of international rugby; he really doesn’t mince his words. “Rugby moves in trends. At the moment, the focus is on powerful runners and a forcing errors game. You could say that at the minute, England are behind the times,” Healey explains, an analysis which cannot be faulted when one compares the resurgence of the Springboks, who employ the aggressive, focussed game plan he mentions, with the directionless displays put in by England in 2005. “It stems from the coaching,” says Healey, who believes the current England management, led by Andy Robinson, will not be able to learn from their mistakes sufficiently well: “We need to change the personnel. The current lot are too much in the shadow of Clive [Woodward]. They’re trying to be Clive, but they haven’t got the skills that he had.”Fans hoping for a rapid return to the top will be disappointed. When Healey speaks of England’s rebuilding, the 2007 World Cup doesn’t feature – he’s thinking on a longer time scale “in three or four years time, once the squads have been together for a while.” He makes clear that the glaring inferiority of basic skills highlighted by the Lions tour to New Zealand is no coincidence: “It’s their national sport over there, so even as kids they just play rugby. They don’t get pigeonholed – no one’s told ‘oh, you’re tall, you’re a lock, and you’re a fly half’. Everyone just plays rugby.” Our professional coaching structure undermines skilful, adventurous players further: “players get to eighteen and coaches want them to get big and strong. There’s much more pressure and focus on contact. Players are trained to weigh up the risk of the plays they make.” At professional level, “the emphasis is on speed, and weight training, when maybe we should spend more time on basic skills.”I aim to round off by asking Healey if England can recover as Leicester have done. His response shows just how difficult the road ahead will be for England. Despite reaching the final of the English league and the semi-final of the European cup, Healey points out, “the club hasn’t won a trophy for two years”. Even if England’s performances do improve, as they have shown occasional signs of doing, they will face the difficult challenge of regaining the many titles they have lost before they can claim to be truly back at the top.ARCHIVE: 1st week MT 2005