Sunday 12th April 2026
Blog Page 935

Da Vinci Code cracked by Oxford academic

Jordan Bernstein
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Da Vinci Code cracked by Oxford academic

More than 500 years after the death of da Vinci, the artist renowned for his world-famous Mona Lisa painting, an Oxford professor believes he finally has the answer to a question which has puzzled historians for generations.

It has been thought for some time that Da Vinci was an illegitimate child, born of an affair between a 15-year-old slave-girl, Caterina, and an older lawyer.

Professor Martin Kemp, however, now claims that the full name of the artist’s mother was Caterina di Meo Lippi, a peasant who lived with her grandmother in the Tuscan hills of Italy, just outside of Vinci.

Kemp puts the findings down to archives, including property tax records, which it was reported were previously overlooked by researchers.

With a father who disappeared early in her life, Caterina was left to be brought up by her grandmother in a decrepit Italian house.

15-year-old Caterina then became pregnant in 1451 by Ser Piero da Vinci, 25, a lawyer working in Florence, according to Professor Kemp.

Of these new findings, Kemp said: “Caterina was a peasant fallen on bad times, and you cannot be much lower in the social pile than that. To be a 16-year-old with an illegitimate son and no house was about as bad as it gets”.

Records also reveal that at the time, da Vinci senior was already engaged to be married, and Caterina herself was soon married off to Antonio di Piero Buti, a farmer.

It was, however, the house of his biological father in which baby Leonardo was brought up following his birth on 14 April 1452. According to Kemp, this is also where Leonardo was born.

Professor Kemp has long had a fascination with the life and times of Leonardo da Vinci. In 2000, he advised skydiver Adrian Nicholas as he constructed a parachute according to Leonardo’s drawings from materials which would have been available in his day. In 2007, Kemp was the mastermind behind an exhibition in London entitled Leonardo da Vinci: Experience, Experiment and Design.

Crinkled plate may be new method for weight loss

Selma Stearns
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Crinkled plate may be new method for weight loss

A new crinkled plate, designed graphic designer Nauris Cinovics at the Art Academy of Latvia, has been suggested as a method of weight loss and reduced food intake.

The plate was presented at the European Congress on Obesity in Porto, Portugal, as a possible variable in reducing the weight of the 30 per cent of the world’s population who are obese.

Cinovics told The Guardian: “My idea is to make food appear bigger than it is. If you make the plate three-dimensional [with the ridges and troughs] it actually looks like there is the same amount of food as on a normal plate—but there is less of it.”

The plate is made of clear glass, and although it looks the same as a normal plate from above, it has ridges and troughs, which reduces the amount of food that can be piled onto it.

In addition to holding less food, it is suggested that the speed of eating will be slowed down as people navigate the troughs and ridges.

Professor Charles Spence is a behavioural psychologist at Somerville college, who specialises in the perception of food and taste. Spence’s book Gastrophysics: The New Science of Eating reveals the importance of the “off-the-plate” elements of a meal, such as the weight of the cutlery, the placing on the plate, the background music, and more.

Many things can influence perceptions of how much one has eaten and what it tastes like. For example, Spence’s research has indicated that “sweet” tastes are better expressed by means of rounded shapes, typefaces, and names, and low-pitched sounds.

Spence told the Cherwell: “[this wavy plate] certainly fits well with the literature suggesting that using smaller plates tricks brain into thinking that there is more food.”

The Smaller Plate Study is a famous study conducted by Dr Brian Wansink and Dr Koert van Ittersum which indicated that people eat less when eating off of a ten inch diameter plate as compared to a plate of twelve inches in diameter, without having an effect on perceived fullness or satisfaction.

“That said, there is a fine line between effortlessly nudging people toward eating less and making it difficult to eat, which trying to retrieve your food from between the cracks might turn out to be,” said Spence.

Professor Susan Jebb is a professor of diet and population health at the Nuffield department of primary care health sciences. She told the Cherwell that the new plate is an interesting idea to reduce food intake and portion size.

However, she added “before we start recommending this we need evidence from a study that shows people really do eat less overall and don’t compensate for smaller meals with more snacks.”

Cinovics is planning on testing the plate in a trial soon, and if the results are significant, we may all see crinkled plates in our households soon.

Oxford to become ‘sanctuary campus’

Jordan Bernstein
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Oxford to become ‘sanctuary campus’

OUSU Council this week passed a motion pledging to turn Oxford into a ‘sanctuary campus’.

The motion was also extremely critical of the Government’s anti-extremism Prevent strategy, calling it “invasive” and “Islamophobic” for Muslims and students of colour. The Prevent framework operates on campus, with one effect being to screen the views of those invited to speak at the University before they are allowed to visit.

The motion began by noting that: “There has been a rise in racist, xenophobic and Islamophobic attacks since Brexit and the election of Donald Trump”, before going on to say that “some universities in the US have adopted a ‘sanctuary campus’ approach, which involves practical support to stop racist government policy from harming the welfare of international students, students of colour and migrant workers, for instance by resisting deportation officials.”

The ‘sanctuary campus’ initiative comes after the defiance of American ‘sanctuary cities’ such as Chicago and Los Angeles. In the aftermath of Trump’s election, such cities, with attempts to institute a ban on travel from a handful of predominantly Muslim countries and suggestions that there would be a mass deportation of illegal immigrants, said that they would not comply with directives issued from Washington.

The motion, proposed by Lily MacTaggart and Lilith Newton, also stated “[that] although it is not always possible to stop the effects of racist government policy on campus, we must try and minimise the impact of these policies on student welfare”, and that “migrant workers are a vital part of our institution and their rights must be safeguarded.”

This follows similar moves to protect the rights and status of immigrants. Oxford Migrant Solidarity is a campaign comprising students and locals which focuses its efforts on pressing for the closure of Campsfeld House Immigration Removal Centre in Campsfield.

The scale of such action from OUSU does, however, appear to be without precedent. As well as “mandat[ing] OUSU to write to all heads of college urging them to protect all migrant sta in the wake of Brexit”, the motion entailed the backing of a detailed pledge and mandated OUSU sabbatical officers and Oxford NUS delegates to act in accordance with it.

Action to be taken includes “organising meetings of all students to increase the awareness of the threats and harassment faced by international students and what it means for all our education.

“We will [also] organise speakouts and tribunals where immigrant, international and Muslim students can testify openly about discrimination they have faced, and where we can vote and decide on actions we need to take.”

The St Anne’s representative to OUSU, Tom Zagoria, told Cherwell: “They did amend it to add ‘peacefully and legally’ several times when it was mandating the officers to act though, just so the motion could get past the trustees.”

An Oxford University spokesperson said: “Oxford University is complying with the Prevent legislation and is meeting all of its statutory duties. Our approach is in line with other Universities in the Russell Group.”

The proposers of the motion and OUSU were contacted for comment.

Keble JCR votes to reject boat-burning after Summer VIIIs competition

Akshay Bilolikar
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Keble JCR votes to reject boat-burning after Summer VIIIs competition

Keble College JCR has narrowly voted in opposition to the College’s provisional decision to burn a boat on its front quad ahead of Summer VIIIs, in a non-binding vote.

The College’s Governing Body had voted last week to allow the Keble College Boat Club to burn an old boat in the centre of the College’s Liddon quad if the men’s first crew (M1) or women’s first crew (W1) finish Head of the River next week.

Members of the JCR were presented with four options in an emergency motion at a JCR meeting on Tuesday. JCR members were asked whether they supported the burning of the boat, a celebration of the boat not based around burning, a rejection of the burning altogether, or abstention.

50 students voted to reject burning the boat altogether, with 73 choosing to celebrate the boat without burning it. There were 120 votes in favour of burning the boat and four abstentions, leaving a narrow majority of three votes in opposition to the Boat Club proposal.

Given a summer Entz ban in force at Keble, it was also highlighted in the JCR meeting that that there would be no good reason for allowing the boat-burning whilst rejecting, for example, a Welfare Barbecue, which was suggested last year.

One Keble JCR member, who did not wish to be named, told Cherwell:

“It says something about Keble that we sent this motion to debate. We are not afraid to question even the most traditional of traditions. The debate that we had was well-mannered, mature, and ultimately helpful for the whole college I think.

“Everyone here supports the Boat Club and will be very proud if they gain headship but we also want to ensure that Keble’s values of progressiveness and modernisation are represented in everything that we do.”

Keble MCR, which was polled on the question on Sunday, voted 21-18 against burning the boat. Both the JCR and the MCR motions were wholly advisory, with no power to mandate the Boat Club.

College members present at both meetings also criticised an Instagram page, keble4head, which featured a meme that students took to be “sexist and misogynistic”. The Boat Club denied a connection to the page and the particular post has been removed. Following the decision, a member of Keble teaching staff who had been due to go on sabattical in a few weeks resigned early from his positions as the Garden Master and Chairman of the Buildings and Grounds Committee.

Sven Jaeschke, the men’s captain of the Boat Club, said: “The grass won’t be touched and we would use fire retardant blankets to further protect it.

“The old wooden boat that we intend to burn, however, hasn’t been used for over 40 years and is of almost no value anymore”

The Governing Body voted in favour of burning the boat 12-9 with three abstentions, with JCR and MCR representatives not allowed to vote.

Keble College Boat Club and Keble College JCR have been contacted for comment.

Assaults on Oxford University hospital workers continues

Jordan Bernstein
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Assaults on Oxford University hospital workers continues

Figures released by Oxford University NHS Trust show that the number of reported assaults experienced by hospital workers has remained constant this year, despite a £10,000 investment in body cameras.

215 hospital staff were assaulted in 2016 at Oxford University Hospitals, leading many to doubt the efficacy of the investment.

This was a rise of 12 assaults from 2015, and will disappoint those who had hoped that introducing the cameras, worn by all on-duty security officials, would deter aggression towards staff.

Figures show that 199 of the 215 assaults can be linked to mental health conditions of the attacker. Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust emphasised that despite the apparent increase in the number of assaults, the figures, as a proportion, have remained stagnant once staff size increases are taken into account.

Speaking to Cherwell, the trust security manager Rachel Collins said: “The reassurance that the cameras have provided to both staff and patients has been very valuable.

“In the year to December 2016, the Trust provided Thames Valley Police with footage from the bodyworn cameras in 14 cases of violence and aggression at the John Radcliffe site. In addition, footage was used in six internal investigations.

“In this period, the number of complaints received alleging unreasonable force by our security officers across the Trust fell to five, from nine the previous year. All of these complaints were dismissed thanks to evidence from the bodyworn cameras.”

Unison representative Ian McKendrick said: “I am far from convinced by the use of body cameras.

“Our whole training is about prevention. What is the government doing about preventing this from happening? Assaults have gone up in the past five years and I think it is because of waiting times and patients get frustrated.

“You have to address the thing that is driving people to that.”

The Director of Organisational Development at Oxford University Hospitals, Mark Power, said that incidents will only be referred to the police where the assault is not a result of a patient’s ill health.

“Occasionally, members of the public display inappropriate behaviour towards our staff, which is sometimes violent, aggressive or intimidating in nature,” he said.

“We take all such incidents very seriously and, where they are reported by staff, will always initiate appropriate action.”

Universities crucial in almost half of new inventions—and Oxford is the best

Henry Straughan
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Universities crucial in almost half of new inventions—and Oxford is the best

A new study has shown that university researchers have been crucial in 40 per cent of the most significant inventions since the 1950s. The study also revealed that universities contributed to around 75 per cent of the world’s important inventions.

The results of the study, conducted by Steven Brint, professor of sociology and public policy at the University of California, Riverside, have come as a surprise, given the relatively low share of research and development funding awarded to universities.

At the University of Oxford, the development of ideas is supported by Oxford University Innovation (OUI), the research commercialization company for the University.

In recent years OUI have played a crucial role in bringing Oxford to the forefront of innovation.

Unusually for a technology transfer office (TTO), the OUI has been generating profits which are returned to the university, while most TTOs are operating at a loss.

OUI launched 24 high-tech firms in 2016, including OxStem, an Oxford spinout (a company based on the University’s intellectual property) designing stem cell drugs to treat agerelated disease, and DiffBlue, a world leader in automated test generation.

Last week, the OUI was named Technology Transfer Office of the Year at the Global University Venturing Awards 2017. The OUI triumphed despite strong competition from Cambridge, Toronto, and Warwick universities, as well as the University of California, Los Angeles. The OUI was recognized for advances in its activity and in Oxford’s innovation ecosystem over the past year.

Speaking to Cherwell, Gregg Bayes-Brown of the OUI suggested that the success of universities in contributing to innovation and invention was due to “the strength and resilience of the ideas coming from researchers”.

However, he continued: “[Although] funding exists for high quality research, universities face significant obstacles in turning ideas into commercial successes, because they face a lack of capital and support for development and innovation.

“So many quality ideas being produced by universities simply aren’t taken up and disappear before they can have an impact”.

Two years ago Oxford Sciences Innovation (OSI) was founded to support the commercialisation of Oxford’s scientific research. With over £500m the OSI is the world’s largest fund of its kind, and is able to provide vital capital and expertise to develop Oxford’s scientific ideas into market-leading companies.

The OUI has also begun to push for greater innovation in the social sciences and humanities.

Mark Mann, the Senior Technology Transfer Manager at the OUI, told Cherwell that “increasingly ideas from the humanities are being successfully commercialized”.

Mann further pointed to the growing number of humanities based start-ups in the OUI’s business incubator, which supports members of the University who wish to create or develop entrepreneur-driven ventures.

Speaking at the OUI’s second Humanities Innovation Challenge Competition, Mann stressed the value of combining ideas from the humanities with new technologies. Despite Oxford’s recent advances, there are fears that a hard Brexit could damage Oxford’s innovation and the progress of university research more widely.

Bayes-Brown told Cherwell: “The strength of Oxford’s innovation has been dependent on the diversity of its academics”, and noted that the key to the success of Silicon Valley has been its ability to accept any talented person from around the world.

He added that efforts to reduce immigration by placing restrictions on academics and students coming to the UK could have “a disastrous effect on university innovation”.

I—nnovation and entrepreneurship around Oxford University has benefited considerably from international innovators, with 45 per cent of Oxford spinouts and 77 per cent of startups since 2011 started by foreign founders or co-founders who launched their companies after working or studying at Oxford.

Balliol’s beef with Burgerfest

Lucy Enderby
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Balliol’s beef with Burgerfest

The controversial Burgerfest festival is set to go ahead on Saturday 27 May despite Balliol College requesting that it should not as it falls within a “red zone” of dates.

This period is a protocol to ensure that students revising for exams are not disturbed. The four-day festival celebrates the 70th anniversary of the twinning of Oxford with Bonn in Germany.

It will feature performances from visiting German groups and food stalls. In February, Balliol argued that it should not go ahead because of the proximity to students sitting exams, with potential noise and access issues.

The protocol of the Broad Street Stakeholders committee, which includes the Oxford colleges around Broad Street as well as city councillors, does not usually allow events to run near exams. Despite this, the festival is set to go ahead between 12 and 4pm.

Vicechairman of the Oxford International Links committee told the Oxford Mail: “Burgerfest will be going ahead on Saturday as part of a full programme of events to celebrate Oxford’s twinning link with Bonn.

“In the end it turned out that one of the noisiest bands musically has been unable to attend so there shouldn’t be any problems.

“The whole weekend will be a great opportunity for people in the city to celebrate Oxford’s long-standing links with Bonn.”

As well as this, there will be an Oxford Bonn Economic Forum, providing the opportunity for collaboration with Bonn on development including trade, science and technology.

A play will be performed at the Burton Taylor Studio, and more than 200 singers from Bonn will perform at Oxford Town Hall on Friday.

The Bodleian Library will also be displaying its Beethoven collection on Saturday, which includes original scores, sketches and autographed manuscripts.

Oxford’s twinning with Bonn was part of the reconstruction of Europe after the Second World War.

St. John’s JCR votes to fund gender expression

Marianna Spring
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St. John’s JCR votes to fund gender expression

St John’s JCR has resolved to provide £400 for the purchase of items that aid gender expression.

The JCR voted in favour of establishing a fund similar to those already in place at Exeter and Somerville, which can be used by students to purchase items such as binders, concealing underwear, packers and breast-forms.

The motion, proposed by the JCR Trans and Gender Minorities Rep Cas Burton, noted that gender dysphoria—the feeling of distress associated with a disconnect between a person’s perceived gender and their gender identity—affects students at St John’s and across the University.

It suggested that purchasing items for gender expression could help to tackle gender dysphoria, improving welfare and mental health, and that the JCR should strive to develop suitable welfare provisions for all its members, including those of the transgender and gender nonconforming community.

It also noted that these items can improve welfare for gender nonconforming students who may not experience gender dysphoria.

St. John’s JCR LGBTQ+ Officer Kelly van Eerde, who seconded the motion, told Cherwell: “I first came across the idea of a fund of this kind from other reps posting about it on the Oxford college LGBTQ+ reps Facebook group.

It is an initiative that many college reps have expressed an interest in setting up at their colleges.”

Van Eerde continued: “As far as I know, something very similar exists at Exeter College and Wadham College.

“I therefore brought the idea up with our JCR transgender and gender minorities rep, Cas, and we discussed with the JCR treasurer about how best to implement the fund.

“Cas and I then wrote the motion together—they proposed it as it is a topic more relevant to their role specifically.”

Speaking on the long-term effects the motion is predicted to have, van Eerde said: “The benefits of this fund are, I believe, twofold. Firstly, it is beneficial to any individual who makes use of it as it removes the additional financial worry that goes along with buying these items, which can already be intimidating to buy. This allows them to more easily alleviate dysphoria and feel more comfortable within themselves, improving these students’ welfare.

“Secondly, on a more general level, it shows the JCR’s support of our transgender and/or gender nonconforming members. By having this fund in place, it shows people who may be closeted or questioning that the college is a safe and accepting place to explore their gender expression and identity.”

JCR President Amelia Wrigley said: “I’m very proud to belong to such an inclusive and progressive JCR, and grateful for the hard work of my committee’s liberation officers in ensuring everyone at St John’s feels secure and accepted.”

St John’s JCR previously introduced gender-neutral bathrooms around college, and changed the constitution so that it includes gender-neutral language.

The move by John’s comes just weeks after the death of transgender academic Erin Shepherd prompted calls for increased efforts for the University to provide a welcoming environment for transgender students and staff.

Speaking at the time, Orla White, OUSU VP for Women and Equality, told Cherwell: “We know that trans women are often failed by mental health services, which is only compounded by day-to-day experiences of transmisogyny.”

Oxford revealed as sixth most expensive student city in the world

Katherine Pye
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Oxford revealed as sixth most expensive student city in the world

Oxford has been deemed the sixth most expensive city for students in the world, according to new figures from student.com.

The city was beaten only by New York, Washington, Boston and La Jolla in America, and London.

The website this week released its ‘Cities in Focus: Global Student Accommodation Indicator’ report, which reveals the most costly and the most affordable cities for student housing.

Oxford ranked sixth in the world with an average weekly spend of $288—or around £205—a week on rent at the time of the survey.

Hull, Dundee and Sunderland were, in contrast, ranked among the most affordable.

Oxford University, in response to the survey, told Cherwell: “Oxford seeks to recruit the brightest students from the UK and beyond, regardless of background or financial circumstances. We are also aware that Oxford can be an expensive place to live, although it’s important to note that the college system can help lower living costs through rent and food subsidies.

“Oxford also offers one of the most generous financial support packages of any university in the country, and we think it’s really important that prospective students and their families are aware of the financial support available at Oxford.

“This includes the Oxford Bursary— awarded automatically to students from low-income households—and the Moritz-Heyman scholarship programme for undergraduates, as well as more than 1,000 fully funded scholarships to assist postgraduates.”

The University encouraged students to see their website for full details on funding opportunities.

However, Eden Bailey, OUSU VP for Access and Academic Affairs said: “Oxford is indeed a very expensive city to live in, and though there are extensive bursaries and grants offered across both the University and colleges, there is great disparity between colleges and applicants often aren’t aware of this.”

Project Access UK, an organisation to encourage students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds to apply to Oxford highlighted the positive effect of their efforts on students struggling with high living costs.

Oliver Northover-Smith, Magdalen undergraduate and head of Project Access UK told Cherwell: “Project Access is concerned with the impact that high living costs in Oxford and other cities have on prospective students in deterring them from applying. Research by Teach First has demonstrated that cost is a key concern for qualified disadvantaged applicants.

“However, we would like to emphasise the extent of support available—from the Oxford Bursary to college hardship grants.

“Headline rent figures can look scary, but going to Oxford may end up being substantially less expensive than attending another university, due to this support.”

Anna Gross, a former Oriel College undergraduate and co-founder of Project Access said: “We work with students in 20 different countries to ensure that any qualified students, irrespective of socio-economic status, have both the information and help they need to apply for, gain admission to and success at top universities such as Oxford.”

The report encompassed data from over 8,000 students across the world who booked accommodation in 92 global locations using student.com between November 2015 and October 2016.

Luke Nolan, founder of student.com, said: “It’s evident that the big urban centres around the world remain huge magnets for both international and domestic students. On average, students pay more to live in these cities, but that’s not to say that there aren’t more affordable options available.”

“Across Australia, the UK and the US, cities with larger supplies of purpose built student accommodation tend to be, on average, more affordable than cities that are under-supplied.

“As the market grows we’ll continue to see a more diversified range of options that cater to different budgets.”

At Mansfield College, the JCR voted to support fourth year students who will not have college-provided accommodation.

This will mean students across the College will face rent increases as they cover the disparity in cost between college and private sector rent prices.

The survey follows March’s Lloyds Bank findings which revealed that Oxford house prices are 10.7 times higher than annual income, naming Oxford the most expensive in the country outside of London for the second consecutive year.

The research found that Oxford’s average property price, £385,372, is 10.7 times that of the city’s average earnings, £36,033.

Revealed: “Illicit canvassing” of Labour’s Anneliese Dodds in 1998 OUSU elections

Tony Diver
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Revealed: “Illicit canvassing” of Labour’s Anneliese Dodds in 1998 OUSU elections

Allegations of malpractice resurfaced yesterday, after archival research by Cherwell revealed electoral scandal surrounding the OUSU presidential election of Anneliese Dodds (now MEP), during her time at Oxford.

Dodds, 39, is running for parliament as the Labour candidate for Oxford East, which is the constituency of many of Oxford’s colleges.

This week, Cherwell’s investigation shows that 54.2 per cent of Oxford students in the Oxford East constituency intend to vote for Dodds on 8 June.

But a story from Michaelmas Term 1998 has revealed that she was fined £75 for encouraging students at St Hilda’s to work for her campaign via email, in contravention of OUSU rules and the instructions of the Returning Officer.

Her slate were fined £25 each. Dodds, who was eventually successful in her bid for the presidency, was at the time accused by Cherwell of “sleaze”.

Speaking yesterday, Dodds confirmed her electoral malpractice but denied any dishonesty. “I did something that was at the time technically against the OUSU rules, and I didn’t realise it was against the rules,” she said.

“The RO [Returning Officer] said that he knew that I knew that.”

Stephen Moses, Returning Officer of OUSU at the time, concluded that Dodds’ actions had “no determinable impact” on the election, and that her interpretation of ‘canvassing’ was “incorrect but understandable”.

Moses now “advises on investigations into alleged corporate wrongdoing”, according to the website of business law firm Simmons & Simmons. In spite of Moses’ verdict, student media coverage was excoriating.

Dodds yesterday blamed the political bias of the paper for the way the story was reported. “Now Cherwell is a lot more even-handed, but then it took an anti-Labour slant,” she said.

In response, Michaelmas 1998 Editor Hadley Freeman, who is now a columnist for The Guardian, said: “Dodds’ claim is almost as laughable as it is libellous.

“The idea that a student paper is organised enough, or even morally motivated enough, to execute political takedowns is actually rather flattering.

“Still, how delightful it must be to still—at the age of almost 40—blame one’s youthful regrets on non-existent conspiracies.

“After all, both the editor and deputy editor of Cherwell at that time [Rachel Williams] did go on to work at that natural HQ of anti-Labour saboteurs, The Guardian, so her claim does take on a new tinge.

“And of course, national political climate being what it was back in the autumn of 1998, there was no more obviously reader-pleasing pose for a student paper to adopt than an anti-Labour one.

“Bravo, Anneliese, on coming up with such a watertight theory!”

Speaking to Cherwell, OULC co-chair Tom Zagoria said: “I’m convinced that Anneliese will make a fantastic MP for Oxford East, and it’s telling that the worst the MSM have been able to dig up is that she was once accused of being a bit too intent on communicating her vision to students.”

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