Tuesday 15th July 2025
Blog Page 251

Wilde at heart: In Conversation with members of the Lincoln Drama Society

It’s practically a cliché to say that with such short and busy terms, there are more events happening in Oxford than any person could keep track of. Most people, quite sensibly, want a place at the well-known events—the major drama productions, the speakers at the Union who everyone’s heard of, the most opulent and extraordinary balls. But some love deserves to be spared for the events that aren’t as well publicised.

The Lincoln Drama Society’s performance of The Importance of Being Earnest isn’t a huge production—in fact, Ellie McDougal, who co-directs the play alongside Lara Hatwell, tells me that funding issues played an unexpectedly positive role in staging the play. “We experienced some issues with funding the play”, she tells me via email, “but the accommodations we had to make ended up really pulling the production together. With no funding for staging or lighting, we decided to do a naturalistic performance in Lincoln College’s ‘Beckington Room’—a beautiful, seventeenth-century panelled room that used to be the Rector’s lodgings. Complete with candles and a fireplace, the room has acted as a phenomenal set for Earnest – I cannot imagine the play without it now!”

First performed in 1895, this play by Oscar Wilde is a farcical comedy about the double lives of two young Victorian gentlemen, Algernon Moncrieff and Jack Worthing, and how these collide with their standard social obligations. Ellie elaborates on the play’s subtext, stating that “in one word, it is a play about language. Wilde’s genius lies in his ability to utilise linguistic symbols and Earnest is his best demonstration of that genius. The play’s characters use language to argue, to confess love, to tell the truth, to lie”.

She calls the play’s conclusion a display of “language’s emptiness and its power”, arguing that it dramatises Wilde’s philosophy as expressed in the essay “The Decay of Lying”, which argues that art’s purpose is “the telling of beautiful untrue things”. But Wilde’s play isn’t merely concerned with philosophical abstraction; Ellie tells me that while she loves Wilde’s work in general, she particularly likes this work “for how rigorous a social commentary it is… It is a play that reminds us of how our own lives are pure theatre”. She notes how the play is “entirely cynical” about the structures that Victorian society was built on, satirising its preconceptions about class, gender, and marriage. 

This is a point on which Liam Stewart, who plays the roles of the manservant Lane and the butler Merriman, agrees. For him, the play’s brilliance lies in its writing: “Full of paradoxes and often complete nonsense disguised in rhetoric, [the characters’ interactions] are hilarious and infuriating in equal measure. This makes it hard to root for anyone in particular, but also makes it impossible to hate any of the characters either, even though a lot of what they say is highly questionable.”

His roles, which serve as a more serious foil to the follies and eccentricities of the upper-class protagonists, also speak to Wilde’s use of the play as social commentary. They “highlight an important contrast between upper and working-class worlds in the play. Lane, especially, is a sobering juxtaposition to Algernon’s witticisms; pointing, without saying very much, to the triviality and callousness of Wilde’s upper-class characters”. Even though the roles of Lane and Merriman are comparatively minor, the silent shadow they cast over the play’s farcical schemes is part of what makes this work endure.

So what was the process of putting the play into production like? Ellie tells me that the Lincoln Drama Society staged Arthur Miller’s All My Sons last term, a serious drama exploring American society in the aftermath of World War Two, so they wanted to choose something that was dissimilar in tone and content. “Looking to the 1890s felt natural with how well fin de siècle writers handled satire and social commentary together,” she says, noting that Wilde’s play was “hilarious but still held its weight in 2022”, with its famous wit making it an easy choice. From this point on, the production ran smoothly, a fact which she attributes to how a rehearsal schedule was drawn up in advance, allowing everyone to know their roles clearly and prevent the production from interfering with academic work. “My academic interests lay broadly within theatre anyways, so directing a play feels quasi-productive to me”, she adds.

As someone who’s never been involved with Oxford’s drama scene, I find myself curious about how one might become a part of it. Ellie points to the Oxford University Dramatic Society (OUDS) as a starting point, as well as college drama societies, saying “university is a chance to try out new things and see what interests you, so don’t be intimidated if you don’t have a lot of acting experience, loads of people don’t”. Liam gives me a similar answer: “I would say just go for it”, he suggests. “I haven’t done much acting at all in school, but I think while at uni you might as well try new things! The rest of the cast have been very lovely and I’ve thoroughly enjoyed the process so far.”

So what’s the play expected to be like? Liam tells me that viewers should expect “an evening of hilarity, a wonderful cast, and come away with a better understanding of when it is and isn’t appropriate to indulge in the rapid consumption of muffins”. Ellie’s answer, though, is briefer: “Be prepared to laugh so hard you pee yourself a little”.

Photograph by Ellie McDougal

Wimbledon Chaos – What’s going on?

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With the French Open well and truly underway you might expect the tennis world to be firmly focused on Chartier but instead the dominant topic of conversation, even at the early rounds of Rolland Garros itself, has been about Wimbledon.  The noise from all sides can be hard to make sense of so here is our attempt to unpick it all.

What’s happened?

On 20 April this year, the organisers of tennis’ most prestigious tournament, the AELTC, announced that Russian and Belarusian players would be banned from this year’s championships.  The move came in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and followed similar moves from across the sporting world saying, “Given the importance of not allowing sport to be used to promote the Russian regime and our broader concerns for public and player (including family) safety, we do not believe it is viable to proceed on any other basis at The Championships.”

The move was highly controversial from the outset, with Novak Djokovic calling it “crazy”, the ATP saying that it set a “dangerous precedent”, and the WTA stating that it was “very disappointed”.  For over a month after that, the governing bodies continued to ‘evaluate their next steps’.

So, what’s happened now?

Last Friday, the ATP announced that they would no longer be awarding ranking points for the competition so as to not disadvantage those players who couldn’t participate.  Prize money will still be awarded by the organisers but the ranking points are what determine the world rankings and therefore qualification for and seeding at other tournaments.  They said in a statement that, “It is with great regret and reluctance that we see no (other) option.”.  It is this which has brought the issue to the forefront of peoples’ minds yet again with players outspoken over the decision and split in their opinions.

Who thinks what?

Dennis Shapovalov has been the first player to directly relate the move to his playing performance after crashing out in the first round at Rolland Garros.  He said that “I think it’s a little bit added pressure on me, knowing that losing a lot of points and not able to defend.”  The world number 15 will certainly find it harder to hold onto that position now.

On the women’s tour, superstar Naomi Osaka has questioned whether or not she will even play the grand slam, calling it a “glorified exhibition”.  Pliskova was the runner-up at the All England Club last year and says, “I think it’s super tough and unfair and a bad decision” – she will drop out of the top ten in the world if she is awarded no points for this year’s performance.

Back on the men’s side, Benoit Paire has called the decision “absurd”.  Daniel Medvedev, who won’t be able to compete, has avoided joining either side of the debate:  “I’m not saying which decision is right, but at least so far in explaining their decisions, I found [the] ATP just more logical and more consecutive.”  

What next?

As alluded to earlier, the decision from the ATP has the potential to seriously upset the world rankings.  Novak Djokovic is set to lose his spot as world number one, even if he wins the tournament again this year, most likely to Daniel Medvedev despite the Russian not even being able to take part.  The women’s tour will see a number of players who specialise in grass-court tennis fail to qualify for future grand slams.  Overall, the move means that all other tournaments and the other grand slams, in particular, will carry even more importance than ever this season for players at all levels of the game.

Whether either side will budge on their current positions remains to be seen but the expectation is that that is unlikely.  One thing is for sure though, as the tournament creeps ever closer and players decide whether to appear or not, the debate will only grow louder.

Image: I went to Wimbledon, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

‘Not Here, Not Anymore’ holds protest against Oxford Uni’s sexual assault policy

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Trigger warning: sexual assault, sexual harassment, rape 

On Sunday 22nd, crowds of students convened outside the RadCam as part of a protest organised by Not Here, Not Anymore (NHNA).

NHNA is a student campaign aiming to fight against the use of Non-Disclosure Agreements (NDAs) in colleges and push Oxford University towards improved sexual assault policies. It is associated with It Happens Here, a group linked to the Oxford Student Union which has been promoting a safer university environment free from sexual assault since it was founded in 2013.

During the protest, a series of speakers voiced the demands of NHNA and described their personal experiences of the cultures of “silencing and victim blaming” that exist within Oxford University.

The first to speak was Maia Hamilton, the co-chair of Oxford University Labour Club. She read aloud the open letter which NHNA has addressed to Oxford University and published on their Instagram linktree. She said: “Oxford can and must do better to prevent sexual assault amongst students and protect survivors. To take up your place to study at one of the most prestigious institutions in the world should not mean you forfeit your right to learn in a safe environment. Education should not cost an exposure to danger.”

Hamilton voiced concerns that Oxford’s collegiate system makes it particularly difficult to tackle systemic sexual misconduct, since each of the colleges has an independent set of policies and procedures. She said: “You should not be at a higher risk of being assaulted or mistreated in the aftermath of sexual violence based on your college.”

Widespread calls for the universalisation of sexual misconduct policies across Oxford colleges have followed in the wake of high-profile failures by colleges to protect survivors. In 2021, a postgrad at Balliol described how she was treated with “hostility” after making a complaint about sexual assault, and in March, LMH was accused of using NDAs to silence a victim of rape.

In light of this, NHNA’s open letter states that “all colleges should adopt the same sexual misconduct policy so students are not forced to gamble with their safety based on where they are accepted or pooled to”.

Kesaia Toganivalu subsequently addressed the audience, saying that she was “sick of seeing well meaning infographics but no actual change”. She described her own experience of sexual assault, having been attacked by “someone I knew and trusted”, and she stressed that “it is not the job of survivors to beg [for protection]”.

She criticised the University for worsening the trauma of survivors: “How are survivors meant to be able to heal if rusticating has such big stigma?”

“I have the same punishment as the person who assaulted me,” Kesaia continued, referring to the responsibility generally placed on survivors to avoid environments where they might encounter their assaulter. “[Colleges] are rich as hell, they can afford to care, but they just don’t. I’m f***ing sick of this system and it needs to change.”

Hannah Hopkins, women’s rep at St Anne’s, added: “I’m so tired of Oxford not addressing things as they are, and caring more about reputational damage than the safety of students living there.

“Rape in most cases is legal in Oxford colleges… cases are run by professors who aren’t trained.”

Discussing the role of NDAs in Oxford colleges and the urgency of banning them, Ffion Samuels, LGBTQ+ rep of It Happens Here, said: “NDAs are forced onto survivors who are terrified… we need to put pressure on colleges in all directions.”

The NHNA campaign is actively urging JCRs to lobby their colleges to ban the use of NDAs. So far, only LMH and Keble have signed a pledge to stop using them, but Ffion argued that “we can force every other college to change.”

Jeea and Nicola, the two co-chairs of It Happens Here, were the final speakers at the protest. They stated that “sexual violence is one of the biggest threats facing our students today”, but urged students affected to turn to the resource guide circulated by It Happens Here and NHNA for guidance and support.

With a growing Instagram following of 545, the NHNA campaign is gaining traction. Having posted an image of the NHNA sticker covering the O of the Oxford Union sign, it seems that their mission is to not only tackle cultures of abuse in colleges, but also within Oxford’s societies, ultimately pushing for a more coherent and legible approach to sexual violence across the University.

Image Credit: Cecilia Catmur

Preserved in blue and white: Sarah Cooper

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My parents are great fans of marmalade. Most weekends, when I come downstairs in the morning, I will find them eating it with toast. I am not the biggest fan myself, but their favourite brand is Frank Cooper’s ‘Oxford’ marmalade. It is available almost everywhere, with its distinctive, endearing and old-style design of simple bold text upon a white background and the Royal Warrant. My own mum would describe it as ‘a cut above the rest’ with a ‘delicious tang’ and a taste ‘less sweet’ than other brands. What is clear is that this is some quite good marmalade. You may already be wondering how this could be relevant, but trust me here. Believe it or not, there is actually a blue plaque for this confection, or rather its originator, situated on the High Street. Next to the historic Grand Café, on a pastel pink house just before the exams schools, a blue plaque reads “Sarah Cooper 1848-1932 First made Oxford Marmalade here in 1874”.

Though the brand may be known as Frank Cooper’s, it was Sarah who made the first legendary batch years ago in the family kitchen. She was born Sarah Jane Gill, in the village of Beoly in Worcestershire, and had Oxford connections through her father John, who came from a family of iron-mongers, printers and coal merchants. In 1872, while she stayed in Clifton, she married Frank Cooper. He had inherited his father’s grocery business on the High Street in 1867, and expanded it next door into No. 83, where the plaque is today. The premises was operated both as the shop and the family’s home. Originally, the Cooper’s had moved to 31 Kingston Road, just beyond Jericho, but they soon moved into the rooms above the shop. In this building, at the age of 24, Sarah made 34kg of her legendary marmalade for the first time. The Seville oranges she used were from Frank’s shop and due to be thrown away. After following her mother’s recipe, the marmalade was distinctive for its chunky and coarse-cut peel.

“Soon the notoriety had travelled further than Oxford, and there was demand from people all around.”

The custom of lighter breakfasts, including marmalade, had just become fashionable in Oxford, where college breakfasts were previously far more indulgent with items such as cold game pie and fish on the menu. It quickly went on sale in Frank’s shop, in white earthenware jars, and was an immediate success. Soon the notoriety had travelled further than Oxford, and there was demand from people all around. The marmalade gained a Royal Patronage, and in 1903 the Coopers opened a new factory at the end of Park End Street. It was at this point that Sarah apparently retired, but she maintained an interest in the company and was a much respected figure to the mainly female workers. By now Cooper’s were also producing jams, sauces and soups, the latter being popular during the First World War with sugar rationing.

The Coopers moved to Woodstock Road in 1907, and at the creation of a new company, Frank Cooper Ltd, in 1913, their sons took a more active role. The High Street shop remained until 1919, and Frank continued to attend board meetings until he died at the age of 83 in 1927. Sarah lived another five years, but ultimately died in 1932 aged 84. The idea of writing a column about a breakfast condiment may seem fanciful, but this particular marmalade does have a genuine place in British culture. Ian Fleming includes Cooper’s as part of James Bond’s breakfast in From Russia, With Love, and Captain Scott took some with him on the 1912 Terra Nova Expedition. It has become a ubiquitous part of breakfast, all thanks to the first batch that Sarah produced many years ago. When it went on sale, Frank had his name put on the jars, and this mistaken attribution persists today. It is unfair that he should be credited for his wife’s marmalade, but her blue plaque at least does something to recognise her achievement. We may not associate Oxford with culinary innovation, but next time you’re walking through the intimidating Exam Schools, remember that the country’s best loved marmalade was born just a few steps away.

Bumps, Blades, Boating: Summer Eights explained

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As anyone with rowing friends will know, Wednesday will see the start of one of the biggest events on the University’s Summer sporting calender: Summer Eights.  Celebrated by the rowing community, many of its rules and traditions can be confusing to outsiders. Here is our rundown of everything you need to know ahead of Summer Eights 2022.

The Basics

Summer Eights is held in 5th Week of Trinity Term every year and takes place from Wednesday through Saturday. Competition is done following the Bump-racing format. Boats line up in a predetermined start order with just over twenty metres between them. A cannon shot announces the start of the race, the goal of which is to ‘bump’ the boat in front, whilst avoiding getting ‘bumped’ by the boat behind.  A ‘bump’ is awarded when a chasing boat either overtakes or makes contact with the boat in front. Often, if a bump is imminent, the cox of the boat being chased will choose to concede to the crew behind before actual contact takes place; they do this by raising their arms. Once a bump has taken place, both boats involved exit the race by moving to the side of the river.  On the next day, the two will switch places in the running order and if a team ‘bumps’ every day they are awarded ‘blades’.  Similarly, getting bumped every day will see a boat get ‘spoons’.  A boat which bumps to the top of the division also races with the division in front. There are 14 divisions and each is made up of 13 boats. Races take place every half hour, alternating between men’s and women’s crews.  Colleges aim to be the top boat in the first division, after which they are crowned ‘Head of the River’.

The Contenders

The race hasn’t been run since 2019 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its return has been hotly anticipated.  As a result though, rarely has the event been so hard to predict. Back then, it was Oriel who finished as the Head of the River for the men and Wolfson for the women.  That means that in division one, they will lead out Keble, Pembroke and Christ Church in the men’s race. Keble, a college which has made a rapid rise in the rowing ranks over the past years, will be looking to regain the top spot it held in 2018.  In the women’s first division, Pembroke, Wadham, Univ, and Christ Church will follow Oriel.  As ever, results will be hard to predict but Pembroke are will be looking to rise up division one in both categories.

Rowing-On

Rowing-On is the timed qualifying event for crews outside of the fixed divisions who are assured a spot. It was held on the Saturday before Summer Eights.  This year saw Trinity’s third boat lead the way in the men’s and Keble’s second boat in the women’s.  The full results can be seen below:

Logistics

Racing will take place every day between Wednesday and Saturday with racing taking place between 12:15 and 19:15 (and starting an hour earlier on Sunday).  The course stretches from Iffley Lock to Folly Bridge and there is sure to be a party atmosphere at every boathouse every day, especially on Saturday. Spectators are of course welcomed throughout the event; traditionally the final day sees the boathouses host events throughout the afternoon.

So, big tests await all crews. For the spectators, with over 1500 rowers set to participate across the divisions, get ready for a huge amount of fun and partying come the weekend!

Lord Reginald Moreton of Oxfordshire

Poet’s Note: “One of my favourite things to do whenever I visit new areas with my friends is to come up with ridiculous “histories” for the place we visit. Naturally, when I came to Oxford, this tradition continued, and I’ve made up many stories about Oxford’s under-appreciated, obscure locales. My university accommodation faces Moreton Road, the road which is the border between north Oxford and Summertown. I wanted to come up with a story as to why the road was named Moreton. Lately, I’ve been trying to write poetry in a Restoration-era style, so I decided that Moreton Road was named after the totally real Oxonian rake, Lord Reginald Moreton of Oxfordshire. For this poem, I was specifically inspired by the satirical, whimsical, often saucy writings of the famous Restoration libertine John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester.”

I
Lord Reginald Moreton of Oxfordshire,
With his white, well-wigg’d tow’ring coiffure,
Liv’d during our Most Merry King’s reign:—
That bygone era of our Youth profane,
When we lov’d most passionately of all,
Ne’er fearing God’s wrath or a downfall,
Submitting to forces of desire,
Surely we damned to some hot Hellfire—
Yet we liv’d like bucolic swains of yore;
This audience I’ll tell no tale before:
Lord Reginald Moreton was a bright boy
Who took upon his studies with most joy;
He matriculated into Oxford
At just sixteen summers; there he explor’d
Fond friendships, thrilling trysts, amorous loves:
Fellow Wadham youths below and above.
Enjoy’d he the company of all sorts,
Among they: Christopher Wren and John Wilmot—
Wadham call’d ‘em Libertine Argonauts;
In those great halls many a word they wrote,
Creating some numerous anecdotes:
Pageboys and maidenheads so licentious,
Priests, pastors—all clergy—desirous
Frustrated they the don with all their woes,
But they knew not yet a single sorrow;
Their markèd effervesence eternal,
Expanded greatly their bonds fraternal,
Reginald soon known all ‘cross Oxfordshire,
With his white, well-wigg’d towering coiffure.

II
Wren, however, soon left his rakish life,
Pursuing knowledge, avoiding foul strife;
Rochester and Moreton yet did remain,
From few vain diversions they would abstain;
Knew deeply they all physical pleasures,
Even each other’s bodies they’d measure,
Soon, they knew also a new ecstasy,
But quickly approach’d graduation day;
Rusticat’d they: village near Marseille;
There they enjoy’d beaches and promenades,
Making each other toast with marmalade,
‘Till news came His Majesty would report,
Most August, Benevolent Charles Stuart,
Soon arriv’d with lovely Catherine, Queen,
To enjoy that Ocean aquamarine;
The two couples met on those French shores;
Charles told them tales of English Civil War;
The Libertines sung Irish limericks,
Alas! Sweet Queen Catherine became sick!
Off she went to some hospital hidden,
While they engag’d in love forbidden;
Charles purchas’d a bathtub with three ends,
So his Hyacinthines could give him
Such joys from those white bubbles did descend;
When exhaust’d, they’d all cuddle in bed;
Though those languid days were limited so,
Labouring in repose, reading Rousseau,
‘Till June when Catherine’s health did improve,
Of their obscenities she did reprove.

III
Charles cared not; sail’d they to England;
The remaining loves tired of French sands,
Return’d they to their homeland, to Oxfordshire,
Sorely missing that European tour,
But onward did continue their studies—
Really, Rochester drank with his buddies;
Meanwhile, Moreton invested in books,
Each to their whims; a friendship forsook,
Pity, soon forgot; degrees they now held,
Through the next decade of life they propelled.
Pleasure, drink: dominated Wilmot,
Literally went out with a bang, that clot!
The world knew not a better hedonist,
Mist’d all eyes his death did; he was missed,
By Moreton and King Charles most of all,
Embracing in those mausoleum halls;
But from that sorrow arose merriment,
Fescennine love reborn, to Cat’s discontent,
Moreton ascended to the King’s fav’rite,
Golden, sunlit bond, none so close-knit.
Moreton with honours Charles did bestow:
Land in Summertown, Oxford; a chateau,
Its view: French shores three Cavaliers once shar’d;
An Oxford road named Moreton, King declar’d,
And lastly: a certain three-headed bathtub;
An old Moreton’d soak, after supper club;
That rake liv’d hap’ly into late years;
At the funeral said the mourners’ cheers:
“Woe! That sinecure gone so premature,
An epicure ‘mpassion’d with such rigour;
May ‘is mem’ry be bless’d, we shall assure:
With his white, well-wigg’d tow’ring coiffure,
Lord Reginald Moreton of Oxfordshire.”

Names preserved in blue and white: Anthony Wood

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Image Description: Merton Street

In modern times, the ‘Blue Plaque’ has become a staple of British culture. Since its launch in London in 1866, it is almost impossible to go to any larger settlement and not see one. Their purpose is simple and clear; to commemorate a location and its link to a notable person or event. It is perhaps unsurprising therefore, that Oxford is richly endowed with over 70 such plaques. They are a physical link to the past, allowing the history of a building to be maintained and acknowledged, and are almost unavoidable when walking around Oxford. I believe that many are not understood properly, and I want to engage with these plaques in a way which will further my own interests and the reader’s; highlighting the intriguing lives of the people commemorated and their contributions to the city that Oxford is today.

Whenever people come to visit during term, I always take them to Merton Street. The cobbled road, strikingly old buildings and Merton’s sizeable chapel give a classically ‘Oxford’ impression. Just opposite Merton’s entrance there is an ancient mediaeval cottage with mullioned windows, known as the Postmaster’s Hall. It was here that Anthony à Wood (1632-1695) was born, lived and died, with his Blue Plaque commemorating him on the wall just to the right of the cottage. He was educated at New College School and Lord William’s grammar school in Thame, where his education was halted by a minor inconvenience known as the English Civil War. Nevertheless, he went on to matriculate at Merton in 1647. Interestingly, he was not considered a talented student, and it took him until 1652 to graduate (I dare say Merton would not be impressed with his lack of Norrington Table contributions). But he soon immersed himself in what he was to become best known for; antiquarian studies (studying the past with the use of evidence such as archaeology, manuscripts or, in Wood’s case, archives). 

“Whenever people come to visit during term, I always take them to Merton Street.”

He began by trawling through the registers of Christ Church until Dr John Wallis allowed him access to the University’s archives in 1660, as he was their Keeper. It was here that he discovered William Burton’s The Description of Leicestershire (1622) and Sir William Dugdale’s Antiquities of Warwickshire (1656). These works had an enormous influence on Wood, so much so that he was determined to pen a similar great work about Oxfordshire. He drew on another project by an earlier antiquary, Brian Twyne, and systematically searched through the legal documents of all the colleges. It’s a shame Wood didn’t have SOLO to use, but as we all know from last minute searches, the college library doesn’t have everything. In the year 1667 he made his first visit to London, meeting with more people who were able to provide him with even more libraries. After consulting more parish and city archives than one could ever imagine, his writings were finally ready to be published. In 1669 Dr Fell, the Dean of Christ Church and an influential figure in the university press, offered to publish Wood’s work. From this Wood would earn £100 (Just over £23,000 today), on one condition; it had to be published in Latin. Wood duly consented, and in 1674 The History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford appeared in two volumes. The first detailed a general history, the second that of specific individuals and colleges. Wood’s book was successful, and established his reputation as an antiquary. 

Dr Fell suggested another project which Wood undertook enthusiastically. Alongside John Aubrey, he compiled another great tome of Oxford history. It took them both the rest of the 1670s and the entire 1680s to finish, but in 1691 the first volume of Athenae Oxonienses was published. It detailed all of the many writers and bishops who had been educated at Oxford since the year 1500. Unfortunately, the book was met with mixed reviews, and in 1693 Wood was even sued by Henry, the Earl of Clarendon, for the portrayal of his late father. One could only assume that accusing someone’s father of corruption was quite bad. Anthony Wood (the à was his own later addition) fell out with Aubrey, blaming him for the book’s questionable reception. He died in 1695 and was buried in Merton’s chapel, where he had once been that supposedly mediocre undergraduate. 

What struck me when researching this first plaque, was his sheer determination to finish his projects and the legacy which he left behind. Aside from his works, he bequeathed 127 manuscripts and 970 books to the Ashmolean Museum, which are now housed in the Bodleian. From these papers his autobiography, The Life and Times of Anthony Wood, was compiled from 1891-1900 by Andrew Clark. It is written in the third person and is an excellent collection of the most minute details of his life. Wood had a reputation for being a rude and disagreeable person. But it is difficult to look at the Postmaster’s Hall on Merton Street and not imagine Wood toiling away long hours within. The fact that his two main works took up so many years of his life is a testament of his commitment to knowledge, and something which a Blue Plaque could never fully convey. When I next return to Merton Street, I will remember that this plaque is not just notifying the viewer of someone interesting, but of a man whose obsessive research led to perhaps two of the most thorough academic works to come out of this city.

Image Credit: Flickr

Oxfordshire authorities set up cycling safety group amid calls for “fundamental change”

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In the wake of three cyclist deaths across the city in six months, Oxfordshire County Council has set up a working group to improve the safety of cyclists and pedestrians. 

With a mandate to “prevent any recurrence of the recent tragic accidents involving cyclists”, the group’s remit is set to focus on “locations of concern” – sites associated with road fatalities and other accidents – and consider both immediate and longer-term measures to guarantee safe road access for cyclists. 

The group brings together elected officials from county, city, district, and parish councils, including Cllr. Jemima Hunt, Oxford City Council’s Cycling Champion, along with representatives of civil society, such as leading members of cycling and active travel groups. 

Three locations in particular have come under scrutiny; The Plain, Oxford Parkway, and the junction of Headley Way and London Road, each associated with a fatal collision. Dr. Ling Felce, a postdoctoral researcher at Nuffield College, was killed in a lorry collision on The Plain on 1 March, while Ellen Moilanen died near Oxford Parkway in February, and Jennifer Wong was killed at the Headley junction in September 2021. 

Specific measures to be implemented as soon as possible include lowering speed limits, vehicle capacity reduction, and additional signage to improve road safety. Longer-term changes currently under discussion might include barriers to effectively segregate cyclists from vehicle traffic, along with wholesale redesigns of particularly dangerous sections to guarantee pedestrian and cyclist safety. 

The working group also intends for a broader review of cyclist provisions at junctions across its jurisdiction. The council’s move follows a petition by the campaign group Cyclox, which advocates for better cycling infrastructure, safer pavements and junctions, traffic-reducing measures, and more effective enforcement. 

“Any death on our city’s roads is one too many”, said Cyclox chair Alison Hill, who delivered the petition, pointing out that a disproportionate number of the recent fatalities have been women. 

A “fundamental change” in road design and planning priorities is needed, the campaign group argues, including an explicit commitment towards zero road deaths and greater consideration for “people who walk and cycle”, while retaining existing targets for a zero-carbon transport network. 

A consultation on the County Council’s Local Transport and Connectivity Plan, which closed on the 16th of May, has led to the adoption of such a commitment by cabinet members, the Vision Zero principle, to praise from the council’s working group. 

Oxford University itself has become involved in this push towards change, lobbying with local authorities for greater investment in roundabout safety following the death of Dr. Felce. And the matter has reached the attention of Oxford’s parliamentary representatives, as well. Layla Moran raised the subject in a meeting with Transport officials, pushing for greater investment in road safety, and Cyclox has met with Shadow Cabinet member Anneliese Dodds to push for greater and immediate action. 

Vigils for the dead cyclists have been held across Oxford throughout the past six months.

Image credit: Waldemar Brandt via Unsplash

In conversation with the creatives behind Top Girls

Caryl Churchill’s 1982 play Top Girls is considered one of the best and most influential British plays of the 20th century, exploring what it took for a woman to succeed in 1980s Britain – and it’s coming to LMH Arts Week in an exciting new staging by Oxford students. Cherwell Stage spoke to co-directors Bella Stanford-Harris and Flora Symington, and producer Mia Hollingsworth-Smith, about their experiences working on Top Girls.

What drew you to Top Girls?

Bella: I am an LMH student, and I wanted to get involved in LMH Arts Week. Caryl Churchill is an alumna, and still has links to the college, so she’s very much present in college life. It is quite a big moment for LMH drama to be able to stage her play. The feminist history of the college is something we always hear about, so it’s nice to be able to pay homage to that.

Flora: I did a bit of research into [Caryl Churchill], and she was very involved in student drama here, so this is very much taking us back to its roots. I think it’s such a good use of theatre as a form, because you have the visuals with which you can present onstage two concurring narratives that are both true. She’s used the form to examine the ways women can and can’t be successful in such a brilliant way. Every play Caryl Churchill writes has revolutionised theatre. I’ve never directed before but I thought if I were to direct something it would be this.

Mia: I love how the play’s socio-political messages are shown in an almost didactic Brechtian way with its episodic structure, historical characters and absurdist scenes, but at the same time it has moments of lovely moments of realism – dramatic family scenes that really expose the destructive effects of Thatcherism. 

This is your directorial debut. How has your experience been directing a play?

Bella: It’s so interesting being on the other side [of theatre production]. I acted quite a lot at school, and I always thought how interesting it would be to direct. Having ideas as an actor, but not really being able to implement them because it’s the director’s role, is now a fantasy come true.

Flora: It is a collaborative process, but sometimes you think ‘I would have done this differently’, or made a different decision. But I find it’s the same on the other side; [as director] I think, ‘I want to be acting in this!’. The cast have been so good to work with. They have their own ideas which they bring to it, and they’ve been very receptive to us.

Top Girls is set in 1980s Britain, with the rise of the right wing and Thatcherism, as well as feminism. How have you tackled the political side of the play?

Bella: I think it speaks for itself. It’s hard to pinpoint the political message of the play. We know Caryl Churchill is quite active in left-wing politics, but if you didn’t know that and watched the play, you probably wouldn’t be able to tell. That’s why it’s so interesting for an audience to take what messages they will from it.

Flora: The way that it’s written elicits sympathy for both sides. I think ultimately the play does come down on the left, but it speaks for itself. It would be very easy to write a left-wing play that just exposes all the problems with Thatcherism but [Churchill] hasn’t done that, she’s done something more complex.

Bella: You can’t draw out a black-and-white feminist message from it either. It portrays so many different versions of women, so many different ideas of a successful woman, and the path to being a successful woman, that it complicates the issue, and you don’t leave with a clear sense of what it means to be a successful woman.

Flora: It’s unusual to see a production where the cast is all women. It gives you space to bring out so many different aspects of the female characters. Removing men from the equation gives a new complexity to it, as women now embody all of these positions.

Bella: All of them are complicated, and it shows famous women from history, who are an interesting comparison with the modern day characters.

Flora: For a 2022 audience, we would probably all sympathise more with Marlene, who is also very socially right wing. It will complicate people’s sympathies, and I hope they will leave it thinking there’s more to this kind of politics than they would first imagine.

Mia: I think the 80s setting really highlights how Marlene on the one hand reflects the feminist aspects of female figures of power like Thatcher but at the same time shows how Thatcher’s power was destructive. Coming from an ex-mining town myself, I definitely relate to the destructive effects of Thatcherism, especially on small communities. The way Marlene chooses her career and essentially abandons her family is reminiscent of Thatcher’s capitalist mentality of “there’s no such thing as society”.

Any memorable moments from rehearsals?

Flora: My most memorable moment was the first time we rehearsed Act 3, and we had the two principal members of the cast in the room together for the first time, and it was chemistry. Magic.

Bella: That was the first time I took a step back from the play and saw it as if I was an audience member.

Tell me something that would only make sense if you’ve seen the play.

Flora: There’s so many things that don’t make any sense! “You can kill someone with a brick.” That’s all I’m going to tell you. [Starts leafing through script] “Bums have faces in hell.” I’m trying to find Joan’s speech because I feel like that’s my favourite bit of the entire production.

Bella: When you give birth during a papal procession.

What makes your production of Top Girls unique?

Mia: I think our production of Top Girls is different because the recent #NotAllMen movement, sparked by the tragic murder of Sarah Everard, means the issues the play raises about feminism are demonstrated in a new light that is especially relevant to a contemporary audience – and our wonderful actors portrays them in a really refreshing way!

Flora: We’ve thought a lot about Act 1, which doesn’t relate to the rest of the script chronologically. It takes place in what we would now class as a semi-real, semi-surrealist space. It could be a dream, but could also fit into the surrealist landscape of the play. We’ve changed the order of that, so that that’s not the first thing you see. We’ve put a different scene at the start. I think nobody can come out of this with a clear view on what they think. It will make people question their own views, hopefully, and make people realise that it’s always more complicated than it appears at first sight.

Top Girls runs as part of Lady Margaret Hall Arts Week on Monday 23rd and Tuesday 24th May. Tickets are available here.

Image credit: Niamh Jones

Bank of America pledges £1.2 million to Oxford for greenhouse gas removal

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Oxford University is due to receive £1.2 million from the Bank of America to fund research into greenhouse gas removal and sustainable finance. This project to tackle climate change and improve sustainability within financial services will be carried out at the Smith School of Enterprise and Environment.

The research will cover two key areas and will be split across two sites. The first will identify methods of taking greenhouse gases out of the air in an environmentally, socially and economically sustainable manner. It will be based at the Greenhouse Gas Removal Hub (CO₂RE). Dr Stephen Smith will direct this project.

The second group will be led by Dr Ben Caldecott and will investigate using environmental data about the climate and nature-related factors in financial decision-making. This will be based at the Oxford Sustainable Finance Group and the UK Centre for Greening Finance and Investment (CGFI).

The funding will support three years of research into these two critical areas, as well as contribute funding to a Director’s Research fund. This will allow the School to undertake other sustainable research opportunities.
This partnership is pivotal, according to Bernard Mensah, president of International at Bank of America. “Successful partnerships between business, academia and governments are critical if we are to accelerate the transition to sustainable, secure and affordable energy and bring forwards the path to net zero,” he said. It is the first partnership of its kind for Bank of America in Europe.

The Climate Change Committee (CCC) and other climate change activists and organizations have also stressed the need for international cooperation and a global response to climate change. Chatham House wrote in its article commenting on the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report on 6 April 2022, “To deliver a world that restricts global warming to 1.5°C — an internationally agreed target — systemic change is needed.”

This collaboration between the University and the Bank of America is a move to a more international approach to tackling the climate crisis. Mensah said he feels it “has the potential to transform scalable carbon capture and greenhouse gas removal and also the integration of nature-based metrics into sustainable finance frameworks.”

These projects endeavour to make influential progress combatting climate change. The research is key to moving towards a more sustainable future and achieving the goals outlined by the IPCC and governments by 2030. The Bank of America itself published their commitment to environmental sustainability on their website, with a goal to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 in support of the Paris Climate Agreement.

The results and data from the research will be used to inform financial services decision making. It seeks to inform more implementable, sustainable business models. Professor Cameron Hepburn, director of the Smith School, commented, “This project has a pressing need considering the current climate crisis. It hopes to make impressive and influential progress combatting climate change, to one of action.”

The Smith School is taking a key role in driving systematic change in combatting climate change. Previously they have worked with 20 separate governments worldwide in finding solutions to green recovery. Its research is influential, directly informing global financial institutions across the globe.

Image credit: Marcin Jozwiak